Magma de pragma

El relato de las tensiones generadas por el proyecto de arquitectura a lo largo de mi carrera donde se han fundido e intercalado enfoques utópicos y pragmáticos. Se explicarán los avatares y victorias de la producción de pensamiento arquitectónico mediante la comunicación, la interpretación, la acreditación, la abstracción, la ilusión y la fusión.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

La estrategia del sector de administración local, frente al proceso de privatizaciones.

Sin resume

Key aspects in 3D fatigue crack closure numerical modelling

Since long time, fatigue crack closure has been studied by means of finite element models. Initially by bi-dimensional models and recently, due to the higher computational capabilities, the use of three-dimensional models has been extended, providing a wider comprehension of the problem. Starting with the methodology used for 2D cases, a specific methodology for 3D models has been developed. Key parameters affecting the model have been analyzed and recommendations have been established. The numerical accuracy is evaluated in terms of crack closure and opening values. They main issues studied are the material behaviour, the loading cycles and crack growth scheme, the contact simulation, the meshing and the element size at the crack tip and along the thickness, the plastic wake computed and the opening and closure definition considered. This paper summarises the main learning and recommendations from the latest numerical modelling experience of the authors.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Correlation between the pivot node concept and fatigue crack closure

The study of fatigue crack growth has been commonly done by means of bi-dimensional models and assuming a homogeneous behaviour through the thickness. According to the specimen thickness, a state of plane stress or plane strain is presumed. However, recently, it has been shown that thickness effects influence the crack tip behaviour. These works have revealed a series of effects along the thickness with a strong influence on the crack front growth. One of the experimental evidences that can be explained as a direct consequence of these effects is the curvature of the crack. It is observed that when the crack advance, the crack front changes adopting a curved shape, growing faster at the interior than at the exterior. Two mechanisms can explain this effect: the first one is related to the crack closure effect near the surface. The second one, related to the plastic zone size decrement observed in a small region close to the surface, is due to ΔK being smaller near the surface than in the interior. Both mechanisms are difficult to evaluate separately. A series of works were devoted to study these effects. A research line has been focused in the analysis of the stress intensity factor distribution. These works evaluate the finite element model of an Al 2024-T35 compact tension specimen with no plastic wake effect introduced, according to the methodology developed by the authors. The three-dimensional behaviour in the vicinity of the crack front is simulated through numerical analysis with ANSYS code and J-integral method is used to determinate the curves of K evolution along the thickness. The main finding of these studies is that the distribution of K is not homogeneous. The overall values for the whole model accurately agree with the nominal K applied. The K profiles along the thickness are characterized by a series of parameters that allow us to analyze the distribution of K in terms of the expected Knom against variations of geometrical and external factors.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Best Practices in Energy and Climate Change in the Universi-ty of Alcalá

Since 2013, University of Alcalá has been taking part in the ranking of UI GreenMetric, as part of its sustainability policy. This ranking shows the effort of this University in promoting the sustainability in its three campuses and the surroundings, including the involving of all stakeholders from Rector to students. University of Alcalá has been always into the first places of Spain ranking due to the strong compromise that has been reflected in the policy of Rector’s managing and the strategic plan that covers actions to the 2037 represented as objectives, actions, and indicators of these actions

Signal amplification for thrombin impedimetric aptasensor : sandwich protocol and use of gold-streptavidin nanoparticles

In this work, we report a highly specific amplification strategy demonstrated for the ultrasensitive biosensing of thrombin with the use of gold-streptavidin nanoparticles (strep-AuNPs) and silver reduction enhancement. The biotinylated aptamer of thrombin was immobilized onto an avidin-graphite epoxy composite (AvGEC) electrode surface by affinity interaction between biotin and avidin; electrochemical impedance measurements were performed in a solution containing the redox marker ferrocyanide/ferricyanide. The change in interfacial charge transfer resistance (Rct) experimented by the redox marker, was recorded to confirm aptamer complex formation with target protein, thrombin (Thr), in a label-free first stage. A biotinylated second thrombin aptamer, with complementary recognition properties was then used in a sandwich approach. The addition of strep-AuNPs and silver enhancement treatment led to a further increment of Rct thus obtaining significant signal amplification. The AptThrBio1-Thr-AptThrBio2 sandwich formation was inspected by confocal microcopy after incubation with streptavidin quantum dots. In order to visualize the presence of gold nanoparticles, the same silver enhancement treatment was applied to electrodes already modified with the nanoparticle-sandwich conjugate, allowing direct observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed high sensitivity and selectivity for thrombin detection, with an improvement from ca. 4.7 pM in a simple assay to 0.3 pM in the amplified reported scheme

Actualización en Traumatología Deportiva: hombro congelado

El hombro congelado, también llamado capsulitis adhesiva, periatritis escapulohumeral o capsulitis fibrótica, es una condición caracterizada por una restricción funcional de los movimientos activos y pasivos del hombro, en dónde las imágenes radiográficas de la articulación glenohumeral están prácticamente normales, excepto por la posibilidad de presencia de osteopenia o tendinopatía calcificada. Esta patología tiene una prevalencia del 2 al 5% en la población general, presentándose más mujeres que en hombres, en edades entre 40 y 60 años.El hombro congelado, también conocido como capsulitis adhesiva, es una condición común, con una fisiopatología muy poco entendida, caracterizada por una restricción funcional de los movimientos activos y pasivos del hombro, en dónde las imágenes radiográficas d e la articulación glenohumeral están prácticamente normales, excepto por la posibilidad de presencia de osteopenia o tendinopatía calcificada. En la mayoría de los casos es una enfermedad auto limitada, pero puede persistir por años e incluso no resolverse completamente. Por lo general, el diagnóstico es clínico, pero estudios complementarios de imagen y laboratorio ayudan a descartar otras patologías. Existen varias opciones de tratamiento (fisioterapia, corticoides, anti-inflamatorios no esteroideos, hidrodilatación, movilización bajo anestesia y cirugía), sin embargo, hay muy pocos estudios de buena calidad que los avalen

Efecto del entrenamiento físico en la espirometría

Los pulmones están diseñados para facilitar el aporte de oxígeno (O2) y la eliminación de dióxido de carbono (CO2) en el cuerpo. La ventilación es el movimiento de aire desde el ambiente a los alveolos y el intercambio gaseoso describe el movimiento de O2 al torrente sanguíneo y CO2 al alveolo. Para lograr una ventilación efectiva, los pulmones deben generar suficiente presión negativa para movilizar el aire hacia los alveolos. . Los principales volúmenes pulmonares se muestran en la figura.La espirometría es una herramienta de evaluación empleada para el estudio de la función pulmonar. A partir de ésta prueba, se obtienen datos de volúmenes y capacidades pulmonares, tal como la capacidad vital forzada (FVC, forced vital capacity), el volumen de esfuerzo espiratorio en el primer segundo (FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second) y el flujo pico espiratorio (PEF, peak expiratory flow). El entrenamiento mejora la resistencia y la fuerza de los músculos respiratorios en atletas, reduce la resistencia de los canales respiratorios, incrementa la elasticidad pulmonar y la expansión alveolar como se ha visto en estudios en donde existe una expansión de las capacidades y volúmenes pulmonares; así, mediante la espirometría es posible cuantificar esta mejoría. Este trabajo pretende realizar una revisión del estado del arte en cuanto a el efecto del entrenamiento físico en los valores espirométricos