Consensus guidelines for the use and interpretation of angiogenesis assays

The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as numerous pathological conditions. Angiogenesis undergoes multiple discrete steps that can be individually evaluated and quantified by a large number of bioassays. These independent assessments hold advantages but also have limitations. This article describes in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro bioassays that are available for the evaluation of angiogenesis and highlights critical aspects that are relevant for their execution and proper interpretation. As such, this collaborative work is the first edition of consensus guidelines on angiogenesis bioassays to serve for current and future reference

Distributed Power Allocation for Parallel Broadcast Channels with Only Common Information in Cognitive Tactical Radio Networks

Abstract—A tactical radio network is a radio network in which a transmitter broadcasts the same information to its receivers. In this paper, dynamic spectrum management is studied for multiple cognitive tactical radio networks coexisting in the same area. First, we consider the problem of common rate maximization subject to a total power constraint for a single tactical radio network having multiple receivers and using parallel sub-channels (parallel multicast channels). Mathematical derivations show that the optimal power allocation can be found in closed form under multiple hypothesis testing. An outer loop can be used to minimize the power subject to a common rate constraint. Then, we extend the iterative waterfilling algorithm to the coexistence of multiple cognitive tactical radio networks without requiring any cooperation between the different networks. The power allocation is performed autonomously at the transmit side assuming knowledge of the noise variances and channel variations of the network. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is very robust in satisfying these constraints while minimizing the overall power in various scenarios. Index Terms—Cognitive tactical radio networks, broadcast channels, distributed power allocation, iterative water-filling, constrained optimization methods. I

European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Guidance is provided in a European setting on the assessment and treatment of postmenopausal women at risk of fractures due to osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION: The International Osteoporosis Foundation and European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis published guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in 2008. This manuscript updates these in a European setting. METHODS: Systematic literature reviews. RESULTS: The following areas are reviewed: the role of bone mineral density measurement for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk, general and pharmacological management of osteoporosis, monitoring of treatment, assessment of fracture risk, case finding strategies, investigation of patients and health economics of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: A platform is provided on which specific guidelines can be developed for national use