3,031 research outputs found
Fertility in female survivors of hodgkin's lymphoma.
Currently, Hodgkin's lymphoma is one of the most curable types of cancer. Patients are often young and so the long-term morbidities of treatment have become of increasing concern. Among these, infertility is one of the most challenging consequences for patients in reproductive age. Premature ovarian failure in premenopausal women is a serious long-term sequel of the toxicity of chemotherapy. The main consequence of this syndrome is infertility, but women also present other symptoms related to estrogen deprivation. Different rates of impaired gonadal function are reported, depending on the patient's age, stage of disease, dose and intensity of chemotherapy and the use of radiation therapy. The most established strategy in female infertility is cryopreservation of embryos after in vitro fertilization. Additionally, the use of oral contraceptives or gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH-a) during treatment is under study. This review will provide a general overview of the main studies conducted to evaluate the infertility rate among female Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors and risk factors associated to treatment, different end-pointg definitions for evaluating fertility and also a brief description of the available strategies for fertility preservation
Immune-related pan-cancer gene expression signatures of patient survival revealed by NanoString-based analyses
The immune system plays a central role in the onset and progression of cancer. A better understanding of transcriptional changes in immune cell-related genes associated with cancer progression, and their significance in disease prognosis, is therefore needed. NanoString-based targeted gene expression profiling has advantages for deployment in a clinical setting over RNA-seq technologies. We analysed NanoString PanCancer Immune Profiling panel gene expression data encompassing 770 genes, and overall survival data, from multiple previous studies covering 10 different cancer types, including solid and blood malignancies, across 515 patients. This analysis revealed an immune gene signature comprising 39 genes that were upregulated in those patients with shorter overall survival; of these 39 genes, three (MAGEC2, SSX1 and ULBP2) were common to both solid and blood malignancies. Most of the genes identified have previously been reported as relevant in one or more cancer types. Using Cibersort, we investigated immune cell levels within individual cancer types and across groups of cancers, as well as in shorter and longer overall survival groups. Patients with shorter survival had a higher proportion of M2 macrophages and γΎ T cells. Patients with longer overall survival had a higher proportion of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T memory cells, NK cells and, unexpectedly, T regulatory cells. Using a transcriptomics platform with certain advantages for deployment in a clinical setting, our multi-cancer meta-analysis of immune gene expression and overall survival data has identified a specific transcriptional profile associated with poor overall survival
SUBTYPES OF MATURE T AND NK CELL LYMPHOMAS ACCORDING TO 2016 WHO CLASSIFICATION. PRELIMINARY REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL PROSPECTIVE TâCELL PROJECT 2.0
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The Voyage of Metals in the Universe from Cosmological to Planetary Scales: the need for a Very High-Resolution, High Throughput Soft X-ray Spectrometer
Metals form an essential part of the Universe at all scales. Without metals we would not exist, and the Universe would look completely different. Metals are primarily produced via nuclear processes in stars, and spread out through winds or explosions, which pollute the surrounding space. The wanderings of metals in-and-out of astronomical objects are crucial in determining their own evolution and thus that of the Universe as a whole. Detecting metals and assessing their relative and absolute abundances and energetics can thus be used to trace the evolution of these cosmic components. The scope of this paper is to highlight the most important open astrophysical problems that will be central in the next decades and for which a deep understanding of the Universeâs wandering metals, their physical and kinematical states, and their chemical composition represents the only viable solution. The majority of these studies can only be efficiently performed through High Resolution Spectroscopy in the soft X-ray band
The ATLAS trigger muon "vertical slice"
The muon trigger system is a fundamental component of the ATLAS detector at the LHC collider. In this paper we describe the ATLAS multi-level trigger selecting events with muons: the Muon Trigger Slic
Search for Branons at LEP
We search, in the context of extra-dimension scenarios, for the possible
existence of brane fluctuations, called branons. Events with a single photon or
a single Z-boson and missing energy and momentum collected with the L3 detector
in e^+ e^- collisions at centre-of-mass energies sqrt{s}=189-209$ GeV are
analysed. No excess over the Standard Model expectations is found and a lower
limit at 95% confidence level of 103 GeV is derived for the mass of branons,
for a scenario with small brane tensions. Alternatively, under the assumption
of a light branon, brane tensions below 180 GeV are excluded
Study of Spin and Decay-Plane Correlations of W Bosons in the e+e- -> W+W- Process at LEP
Data collected at LEP at centre-of-mass energies \sqrt(s) = 189 - 209 GeV are
used to study correlations of the spin of W bosons using e+e- -> W+W- -> lnqq~
events. Spin correlations are favoured by data, and found to agree with the
Standard Model predictions. In addition, correlations between the W-boson decay
planes are studied in e+e- -> W+W- -> lnqq~ and e+e- -> W+W- -> qq~qq~ events.
Decay-plane correlations, consistent with zero and with the Standard Model
predictions, are measured
Ultrarelativistic sources in nonlinear electrodynamics
The fields of rapidly moving sources are studied within nonlinear
electrodynamics by boosting the fields of sources at rest. As a consequence of
the ultrarelativistic limit the delta-like electromagnetic shock waves are
found. The character of the field within the shock depends on the theory of
nonlinear electrodynamics considered. In particular, we obtain the field of an
ultrarelativistic charge in the Born-Infeld theory.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Measurement of the Cross Section for Open-Beauty Production in Photon-Photon Collisions at LEP
The cross section for open-beauty production in photon-photon collisions is
measured using the whole high-energy and high-luminosity data sample collected
by the L3 detector at LEP. This corresponds to 627/pb of integrated luminosity
for electron-positron centre-of-mass energies from 189GeV to 209GeV. Events
containing b quarks are identified through their semi-leptonic decay into
electrons or muons. The e+e- -> e+e-b b~X cross section is measured within our
fiducial volume and then extrapolated to the full phase space. These results
are found to be in significant excess with respect to Monte Carlo predictions
and next-to-leading order QCD calculations
Search for Branons at LEP
We search, in the context of extra-dimension scenarios, for the possible
existence of brane fluctuations, called branons. Events with a single photon or
a single Z-boson and missing energy and momentum collected with the L3 detector
in e^+ e^- collisions at centre-of-mass energies sqrt{s}=189-209$ GeV are
analysed. No excess over the Standard Model expectations is found and a lower
limit at 95% confidence level of 103 GeV is derived for the mass of branons,
for a scenario with small brane tensions. Alternatively, under the assumption
of a light branon, brane tensions below 180 GeV are excluded
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