Effects of low pressure radio frequency discharge on the physical and mechanical characteristics and chemical composition of diffusion coating on a surface of complex configuration details

© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The work deals with the influence of low-pressure radio frequency (RF) discharge on the surface properties of metals and their alloys. As objects of research to study the interaction of the jet low pressure RF discharge into the surface of the material the following materials were chosen: tungsten cobalt alloy, high speed steel, structural steel. In the presence of the materials energy parameters of low pressure RF discharge flows in the discharge chamber and the electrode gap were studied. A quantitative assessment of the gas composition inside the chamber to determine the characteristics of the plasma flow, making the major contribution to the modification of the surface was carried out. The influence of the input parameters of the plasma unit on the discharge characteristics was held. Identification of the main processes responsible for the modification of the surface of metals and alloys with the metal sample in the plasma jet and the effect of samples of products complex configuration on its properties is determined. The results of studies of physical and mechanical characteristics and chemical composition of the surface layers of high-speed steels, alloys and steel before and after treatment by low pressure radio frequency discharges with the instrumental indentation methods and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy. With the help of the quality control system of the inner surfaces tubular products were studied

Micellization of alkylated 1.4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane by nuclear magnetic resonance technique using pulsed gradient of static magnetic field

A phenomenon of micellization of 4-aza-1-tetradecyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2] octane bromide (AB-14) in aqueous solution has been studied by the methods of nuclear magnetic resonance using magnetic field pulse gradient and fluorimetry. The critical micelle concentration is determined; concentration dependences of percentage of free AB-14 molecules and those associated with micelles as well as radii of micelles and numbers of their aggregation are established. Effect of external and internal translational diffusion of molecules on lifetime of AB-14 molecules in micelles is investigated. © 2012 Elsevier B.V

Structural and magnetic studies of thin Fe⁵⁷ films formed by ion beam assisted deposition

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Thin Fe57 films with the thickness of 120 nm have been prepared on glass substrates by using the ion-beam-assisted deposition technique. X-ray diffraction, electron microdiffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy studies have shown that as-deposited films are in a stressful nanostructured state containing the nanoscaled inclusions of α-phase iron with the size of ∼10 nm. Room temperature in-plane and out-of-plane magnetization measurements confirmed the presence of the magnetic α-phase in the iron film and indicated the strong effect of residual stresses on magnetic properties of the film as well. Subsequent thermal annealing of iron films in vacuum at the temperature of 450 °C stimulates the growth of α-phase Fe crystallites with the size of up to 20 nm. However, electron microdiffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopic data have shown the partial oxidation and carbonization of the iron film during annealing. The stress disappeared after annealing of the film. The magnetic behaviour of the annealed samples was characterized by the magnetic hysteresis loop with the coercive field of ∼10 mT and the saturation magnetization decreased slightly in comparison with the α-phase Fe magnetization due to small oxidation of the film

Regularity Properties and Pathologies of Position-Space Renormalization-Group Transformations

We reconsider the conceptual foundations of the renormalization-group (RG) formalism, and prove some rigorous theorems on the regularity properties and possible pathologies of the RG map. Regarding regularity, we show that the RG map, defined on a suitable space of interactions (= formal Hamiltonians), is always single-valued and Lipschitz continuous on its domain of definition. This rules out a recently proposed scenario for the RG description of first-order phase transitions. On the pathological side, we make rigorous some arguments of Griffiths, Pearce and Israel, and prove in several cases that the renormalized measure is not a Gibbs measure for any reasonable interaction. This means that the RG map is ill-defined, and that the conventional RG description of first-order phase transitions is not universally valid. For decimation or Kadanoff transformations applied to the Ising model in dimension $d \ge 3$, these pathologies occur in a full neighborhood $\{ \beta > \beta_0 ,\, |h| < \epsilon(\beta) \}$ of the low-temperature part of the first-order phase-transition surface. For block-averaging transformations applied to the Ising model in dimension $d \ge 2$, the pathologies occur at low temperatures for arbitrary magnetic-field strength. Pathologies may also occur in the critical region for Ising models in dimension $d \ge 4$. We discuss in detail the distinction between Gibbsian and non-Gibbsian measures, and give a rather complete catalogue of the known examples. Finally, we discuss the heuristic and numerical evidence on RG pathologies in the light of our rigorous theorems.Comment: 273 pages including 14 figures, Postscript, See also ftp.scri.fsu.edu:hep-lat/papers/9210/9210032.ps.

Athlome Project Consortium: a concerted effort to discover genomic and other "omic" markers of athletic performance.

Despite numerous attempts to discover genetic variants associated with elite athletic performance, injury predisposition, and elite/world-class athletic status, there has been limited progress to date. Past reliance on candidate gene studies predominantly focusing on genotyping a limited number of single nucleotide polymorphisms or the insertion/deletion variants in small, often heterogeneous cohorts (i.e., made up of athletes of quite different sport specialties) have not generated the kind of results that could offer solid opportunities to bridge the gap between basic research in exercise sciences and deliverables in biomedicine. A retrospective view of genetic association studies with complex disease traits indicates that transition to hypothesis-free genome-wide approaches will be more fruitful. In studies of complex disease, it is well recognized that the magnitude of genetic association is often smaller than initially anticipated, and, as such, large sample sizes are required to identify the gene effects robustly. A symposium was held in Athens and on the Greek island of Santorini from 14-17 May 2015 to review the main findings in exercise genetics and genomics and to explore promising trends and possibilities. The symposium also offered a forum for the development of a position stand (the Santorini Declaration). Among the participants, many were involved in ongoing collaborative studies (e.g., ELITE, GAMES, Gene SMART, GENESIS, and POWERGENE). A consensus emerged among participants that it would be advantageous to bring together all current studies and those recently launched into one new large collaborative initiative, which was subsequently named the Athlome Project Consortium