Oral History Conversation with Tyler Norris (SOULR)

This is an oral history interview with Tyler Norris conducted on March 28, 2017

Community-based physical activity interventions for adolescents and adults with complex cerebral palsy : A scoping review

Aim To identify implementation strategies and safety outcomes (adverse events) of community-based physical activity interventions for adolescents and adults with complex cerebral palsy (CP). Method Five electronic databases were systematically searched to April 2022. Data were extracted on the implementation and safety of physical activity interventions for adolescents and adults with CP, classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV and V, delivered in a community setting. Results Seventeen studies with 262 participants (160 participants classified in GMFCS levels IV or V) were included. Community settings included schools (n = 4), participants' homes (n = 3), gymnasia (n = 2), swimming pools (n = 2), and other settings (n = 4). Most studies specified medical or safety exclusion criteria. Implementation strategies included pre-exercise screening, use of adapted equipment, familiarization sessions, supervision, physical assistance, and physiological monitoring. Attendance was high and attrition low. Nine studies reported non-serious, expected, and related events. Four studies reported minor soreness and four studies reported minor fatigue post-exercise. Serious adverse events related to exercise were infrequent (reported for 4 of 160 participants [<2%]: three participants withdrew from an exercise programme and one participant ceased exercise for a short period). Most frequently reported was pain, requiring temporary exercise cessation or programme change, or study withdrawal (three participants). Interpretation For most adolescents and adults with CP classified in GMFCS levels IV and V, physical activity interventions can be safely performed in a community setting, without post-exercise pain or fatigue, or serious adverse events

A professional development programme to enhance primary school teachers’ knowledge and operationalisation of physical literacy

Introduction: Despite increases in research and implementation, physical literacy continues to be largely misinterpreted by practitioners. The purpose of this study was to devise, implement, and evaluate a professional development programme that works in a primary school environment to enhance their knowledge and operationalisation of physical literacy. Methods: Following a three-month needs assessment phase, data were collected from structured observations, reflections, and semi-structured interviews with the teachers, before, during and after an introductory workshop and six-month physical literacy intervention. Thematic analysis was used to evaluate perceptions of programme effectiveness. Results: The needs assessment phase identified notable differences between teachers’ classroom and physical education practice. Results of the physical literacy workshop and intervention detailed an increase in teachers’ knowledge of, and operationalisation of, physical literacy. Discussion/Conclusions: Applying established principles of effective professional development in a contextually sensitive manner was viewed as effective in enhancing primary school teachers’ knowledge and practice regarding physical literacy

Changes in timber haul emissions in the context of shifting forest management and infrastructure

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Although significant amounts of carbon may be stored in harvested wood products, the extraction of that carbon from the forest generally entails combustion of fossil fuels. The transport of timber from the forest to primary milling facilities may in particular create emissions that reduce the net sequestration value of product carbon storage. However, attempts to quantify the effects of transport on the net effects of forest management typically use relatively sparse survey data to determine transportation emission factors. We developed an approach for systematically determining transport emissions using: 1) -remotely sensed maps to estimate the spatial distribution of harvests, and 2) - industry data to determine landscape-level harvest volumes as well as the location and processing totals of individual mills. These data support spatial network analysis that can produce estimates of fossil carbon released in timber transport.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Transport-related emissions, evaluated as a fraction of transported wood carbon at 4 points in time on a landscape in western Montana (USA), rose from 0.5% in 1988 to 1.7% in 2004 as local mills closed and spatial patterns of harvest shifted due to decreased logging on federal lands.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The apparent sensitivity of transport emissions to harvest and infrastructure patterns suggests that timber haul is a dynamic component of forest carbon management that bears further study both across regions and over time. The monitoring approach used here, which draws only from widely available monitoring data, could readily be adapted to provide current and historical estimates of transport emissions in a consistent way across large areas.</p

Guidelines for the Selection of Physical Literacy Measures in Physical Education in Australia

Assessment of physical literacy poses a dilemma of what instrument to use. There is currently no guide regarding the suitability of common assessment approaches. The purpose of this brief communication is to provide a user's guide for selecting physical literacy assessment instruments appropriate for use in school physical education and sport settings. While recommendations regarding specific instruments are not provided, the guide offers information about key attributes and considerations for the use. A decision flow chart has been developed to assist teachers and affiliated school practitioners to select appropriate methods of assessing physical literacy. School PE and sport scenarios are presented to illustrate this process. It is important that practitioners are empowered to select the most appropriate instrument/s to suit their needs

Defining Physical Literacy for Application in Australia: A Modified Delphi Method

Purpose. The development of a physical literacy definition and standards framework suitable for implementation in Australia. Method. Modified Delphi methodology. Results . Consensus was established on four defining statements: Core – Physical literacy is lifelong holistic learning acquired and applied in movement and physical activity contexts; Composition – Physical literacy reflects ongoing changes integrating physical, psychological, cognitive and social capabilities; Importance – Physical literacy is vital in helping us lead healthy and fulfilling lives through movement and physical activity; Aspiration – A physically literate person is able to draw on their integrated physical, psychological, cognitive, and social capacities to support health promoting and fulfilling movement and physical activity, relative to their situation and context, throughout the lifespan. The standards framework addressed four learning domains (physical, psychological, cognitive, and social), spanning five learning configurations/levels. Conclusion. The development of a bespoke program for a new context has important implications for both existing and future program

Walking the walk: a phenomenological study of long distance walking

Evidence suggests that regular walking can elicit significant psychological benefits although little evidence exists concerning long distance walking. The purpose of this study was to provide detailed accounts of the experiences of long distance walkers. Phenomenological interviews were conducted with six long distance walkers. Data were transcribed verbatim before researchers independently analyzed the transcripts. Participants reported a cumulative effect with positive feelings increasing throughout the duration of the walk. Long distance walking elicited positive emotions, reduced the effects of life-stress, and promoted an increased sense of well-being and personal growth. Results are aligned to theories and concepts from positive psychology

Impact of perioperative chemotherapy on survival in patients with advanced primary urethral cancer: results of the international collaboration on primary urethral carcinoma

This is the first series that suggests a prognostic benefit of neoadjuvant treatment in a consecutive series of patients who underwent perioperative chemotherapy plus surgery for advanced primary urethral carcinoma. Further studies should yield a better understanding of how perioperative chemotherapy exerts a positive effect on survival in order to selectively advocate its use in advanced primary urethral carcinom

More than a match? Assessing the HRM challenge of engaging employers to support retention and progression

This paper considers employer engagement within a changing landscape of Active Labour Market Policy (ALMP). Employer engagement in ALMP has focused on supporting job entry for disadvantaged groups, through working with employers to attain changes on the demand-side, or using dialogue with employers to implement changes on the supply-side. Employer engagement in this model is orientated to a point in time: the job match. However ALMP policy in the United Kingdom is beginning to give greater emphasis to the sustainability of job entries and progression opportunities. This potentially creates a quite different set of expectations around employer engagement, and asks more of employers. Yet securing strong engagement from employers in ALMP has tended to be difficult. This paper examines the challenges that such a change in focus will have for existing models of employer engagement and on associated implications for HRM theory, policy and practices