Educación maternal: un estudio etnográfico en el consultorio de salud de las Fuentezuelas

Estudio cualitativo basado en la descripción etnográfica de un programa de educación maternal desarrollado en el centro de salud de las Fuentezuelas de Jaén. Material y método: Se trata de un estudio de caso único, seleccionando el programa de educación maternal objeto de estudio por una mayor facilidad de acceso al campo. Se utilizaron como técnicas de recogida de datos la observación participante y la entrevista en grupo. Resultados principales: El programa de educación maternal objeto de estudio rompe con el sistema tradicional de educación maternal, está desarrollado sobre la base de sesiones teóricas y prácticas gimnásticas terrestres y acuáticas. Conclusiones principales: Las sesiones teóricas del programa de educación maternal le dan oportunidad a las embarazadas para intercambiar experiencias y potenciar la solidaridad y cohesión del grupo.Study qualitative based on the description ethnographic of a program of maternal education developed in the center of health of the Fuentezuelas of Jaén. Material and method: it is a study of unique case, selecting the program of education maternal study object for a bigger access easiness to the field. were used as technical of collection data the participant observation and the interview in group. Main results: The program of education maternal study object breaks up with the traditional system of maternal education, it is developed on the base of theoretical sessions and terrestrial and aquatic gymnastic practices. The pregnant ones manifest the improvement of the corporal functionality and the reduction of fears like the most outstanding consequences in the activities of maternal education. Main conclusions: The theoretical sessions of the program of maternal education give opportunity to the pregnant ones to exchange experiences and increase the solidarity and cohesion of the group

Relaciones sociales de género de las matronas en una comarca rural de España

Objective: Increasingly research is giving more importance to Women’s Studies taking into account the context of gender-based social relationships. From this theoretical framework we have focused on the work carried out by midwives in a rural district in southern Spain (Sierra Mágina, Jaén), in order to learn about the social relationships established around their profession.Design: Ethnographic qualitative research using personal interviews and discussion groups.Setting: Rural district of Sierra Mágina (Jaén, Spain).Participants: 9 midwives and 11 close relatives of midwives from this rural district who worked there during the second half of the twentieth century. Also, there were 16 discussion groups with women from towns in the district who had been assisted by midwives.Findings: We have described and analysed discussions with both informants and midwives themselves, the relationships the midwives established in the community and with other health professionals in the districts where they worked.Conclusions: The study of the daily interaction between neighbours and healthcare professionals, and the study of the impact caused by the work performed by midwives brings us closer to their reality, their status, and empowerment.Objetivos: Son muchas las investigaciones que cada vez dan más importancia al Estudio de las Mujeres teniendo en cuenta el contexto de las relaciones sociales de género. Desde este marco teórico nos hemos acercado a las matronas que realizaron su trabajo en una comarca rural situada en el sur de España (Sierra Mágina, Jaén) para conocer las relaciones sociales que configuraron en torno a su profesión.Diseño. Investigación cualitativa etnográfica mediante entrevistas individuales y grupos de discusión.Lugar: Comarca rural de Sierra Mágina (Jaén, España).Participantes: 9 matronas y 11 familiares directos de matronas de esta comarca que ejercieron la profesión en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. 16 grupos de discusión con mujeres de los pueblos de la comarca con experiencias de haber sido atendidas por matronas.Hallazgos: Hemos descrito y analizado a través de informantes y matronas, las relaciones que éstas últimas establecieron con la comunidad y otros profesionales de la salud en los municipios donde trabajaron. Con la comunidad unas matronas establecieron relaciones jerárquicas y otras relaciones igualitarias. Con practicantes y ayudantes técnicos sanitarios (ATS) configuraron relaciones basadas en intereses laborales; con médicos las relaciones fueron complejas y estrechas dada la interdependencia a la que estaban sometidos, y con parteras, en general, las relaciones fueron distantes aunque a veces hubo relaciones de conveniencia.Conclusiones: El estudio de las relaciones diarias entre vecinos y profesionales de la salud, y el estudio del impacto de la labor realizada por las matronas nos acerca a su realidad, a su estatus, y a las relaciones de poder

Radon (222Rn) outgassing in San Juan volcanic tubes during the Cumbre Vieja eruption 2021, and preliminary values in the newly volcanic tubes.

During the eruption at Cumbre Vieja ridge (La Palma, Canary Islands, 2021) a radon (222Rn) detector (CORENTIUM Pro alpha particles counter) was emplaced inside the Las Palomas lava tube (San Juan eruption, 1949). In addition, a CO2 meter logger was emplaced to determine relationships between the 2021 eruption and radon plus CO2 inner fluxes. There is a geostructural relationship between the 1949 and 2021 eruptions, probably connected by a previous fault, shown the volcanic vents¿ alignment trending NW-SE. In October 2021, the radon and CO2 loggers were moved to the upper part of the lava tube, in the San Juan volcanic vent (Llano del Banco hollow dyke). Once the eruption ended (in early 2022) both loggers were placed in one newly formed lava tube, and data will be collected in February 2023. Preliminary results show daily average radon values ranging between 2 - 9 Bq/m3, although sporadic peaks of about 270 and 650 Bq/m3 were recorded related to volcano-tectonic earthquakes and volcanic intensity. In general, basaltic eruptions of alkaline affinity show low radon values due to the low concentration in the magma body of uranium and related chemical elements (Th, Ra, etc.). Geochemical analysis of emitted lavas shows a U concentration of about 1 to 5 ppm (g/g) and Th 9.5 ppm. Summer values of Rn increased up to 3 KBq/m3, related to the climate conditions instead of volcanic activity

Radon (222Rn) outgassing in San Juan volcanic tubes during the Cumbre Vieja eruption 2021, and preliminary values in the new volcanic tubes

Comunicación oral presentada en el 1st European Meeting on Geomicrobiology of volcanic caves. días 2-3 de marzo de 2023 celebrado en la Casa de la Ciencia-CSIC de SevillaDuring the eruption at Cumbre Vieja ridge (La Palma, Canary Islands, 2021) a radon (222Rn) detector (CORENTIUM Pro alpha particles counter) was emplaced inside the “Las Palomas” lava tube (San Juan eruption, 1949). In addition, a CO2 meter logger was emplaced to determine relationships between the 2021 eruption and radon plus CO2 inner fluxes. There is a geostructural relationship between the 1949 and 2021 eruptions, probably connected by a previous fault, shown the volcanic vents’ alignment trending NW-SE. In October 2021, the radon and CO2 loggers were moved to the upper part of the lava tube, in the San Juan volcanic vent (Llano del Banco hollow dyke). Once the eruption ended (in early 2022) both loggers were placed in one newly formed lava tube, and data will be collected in February 2023. Preliminary results show daily average radon values ranging between 2 - 9 Bq/m3, although sporadic peaks of about 270 and 650 Bq/m3 were recorded related to volcano-tectonic earthquakes and volcanic intensity. In general, basaltic eruptions of alkaline affinity show low radon values due to the low concentration in the magma body of uranium and related chemical elements (Th, Ra, etc.). Geochemical analysis of emitted lavas shows a U concentration of about 1 to 5 ppm (μg/g) and Th 9.5 ppm. Summer values of Rn increased up to 3 KBq/m3, related to the climate conditions instead of volcanic activity.This study was funded by the project CSIC 20223PAL002 “Investigación Geológica de la Erupción de 2021 en Cumbre Vieja” and partially by the project FAMRAD (PID2020-113407RB-I00): Geochemical modeling of seismic prediction from endogenous gas emission (222Rn, CO2, CH4), and earthquakes by using radioactive caves and boreholes in the Alhama de Murcia fault.N

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Educación maternal: un estudio etnográfico en el consultorio de salud de las Fuentezuelas

Estudio cualitativo basado en la descripción etnográfica de un programa de educación maternal desarrollado en el centro de salud de las Fuentezuelas de Jaén. Material y método: Se trata de un estudio de caso único, seleccionando el programa de educación maternal objeto de estudio por una mayor facilidad de acceso al campo. Se utilizaron como técnicas de recogida de datos la observación participante y la entrevista en grupo. Resultados principales: El programa de educación maternal objeto de estudio rompe con el sistema tradicional de educación maternal, está desarrollado sobre la base de sesiones teóricas y prácticas gimnásticas terrestres y acuáticas. Conclusiones principales: Las sesiones teóricas del programa de educación maternal le dan oportunidad a las embarazadas para intercambiar experiencias y potenciar la solidaridad y cohesión del grupo.Study qualitative based on the description ethnographic of a program of maternal education developed in the center of health of the Fuentezuelas of Jaén. Material and method: it is a study of unique case, selecting the program of education maternal study object for a bigger access easiness to the field. were used as technical of collection data the participant observation and the interview in group. Main results: The program of education maternal study object breaks up with the traditional system of maternal education, it is developed on the base of theoretical sessions and terrestrial and aquatic gymnastic practices. The pregnant ones manifest the improvement of the corporal functionality and the reduction of fears like the most outstanding consequences in the activities of maternal education. Main conclusions: The theoretical sessions of the program of maternal education give opportunity to the pregnant ones to exchange experiences and increase the solidarity and cohesion of the group

Costumbres sociales, culturales y religiosas del nacimiento en la España rural de mediados del siglo XX. Un discurso de mujeres mayores.

El nacimiento de un nuevo ser a una comunidad ha estado marcado por cuestiones sociales, culturales, económicas y también religiosas. Abordamos en esta comunicación la descripción y análisis de costumbres con un fuerte arraigo en la Sierra de Mágina (Jaén-España) y que suponían un ritual de exclusión e integración social y religiosa de la madre y el bautizo del neófito como rito de integración y pertenencia a una comunidad cristiana