Lung immune signatures define two groups of end-stage IPF patients

BackgroundThe role of the immune system in the pathobiology of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is controversial.MethodsTo investigate it, we calculated immune signatures with Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and applied them to the lung transcriptome followed by unbiased cluster analysis of GSVA immune-enrichment scores, in 109 IPF patients from the Lung Tissue Research Consortium (LTRC). Results were validated experimentally using cell-based methods (flow cytometry) in lung tissue of IPF patients from the University of Pittsburgh (n = 26). Finally, differential gene expression and hypergeometric test were used to explore non-immune differences between clusters.ResultsWe identified two clusters (C#1 and C#2) of IPF patients of similar size in the LTRC dataset. C#1 included 58 patients (53%) with enrichment in GSVA immune signatures, particularly cytotoxic and memory T cells signatures, whereas C#2 included 51 patients (47%) with an overall lower expression of GSVA immune signatures (results were validated by flow cytometry with similar unbiased clustering generation). Differential gene expression between clusters identified differences in cilium, epithelial and secretory cell genes, all of them showing an inverse correlation with the immune response signatures. Notably, both clusters showed distinct features despite clinical similarities.ConclusionsIn end-stage IPF lung tissue, we identified two clusters of patients with very different levels of immune signatures and gene expression but with similar clinical characteristics. Weather these immune clusters differentiate diverse disease trajectories remains unexplored

Application of a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay and pilot field testing for Giardia duodenalis at Lake Albert, Uganda.

BACKGROUND: Giardia duodenalis is a gastrointestinal protozoan causing 184 million cases of giardiasis worldwide annually. Detection is by microscopy or coproantigen assays, although sensitivity is often compromised by intermittent shedding of cysts or trophozoites, or operator expertise. Therefore, for enhanced surveillance field-applicable, point-of-care (POC), molecular assays are needed. Our aims were to: (i) optimise the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay for the isothermal amplification of the G. duodenalis β-giardin gene from trophozoites and cysts, using published primer and probes; and (ii) perform a pilot field validation of RPA at a field station in a resource-poor setting, on DNA extracted from stool samples from schoolchildren in villages around Lake Albert, Uganda. Results were compared to an established laboratory small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rDNA) qPCR assay with additional testing using a qPCR targeting the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) DNA regions that can distinguish G. duodenalis of two different assemblages (A and B), which are human-specific. RESULTS: Initial optimisation resulted in the successful amplification of predicted RPA products from G. duodenalis-purified gDNA, producing a double-labelled amplicon detected using lateral flow strips. In the field setting, of 129 stool samples, 49 (37.9%) were positive using the Giardia/Cryptosporidium QuikChek coproantigen test; however, the RPA assay when conducted in the field was positive for a single stool sample. Subsequent molecular screening in the laboratory on a subset (n = 73) of the samples demonstrated better results with 21 (28.8%) RPA positive. The SSU rDNA qPCR assay resulted in 30/129 (23.3%) positive samples; 18 out of 73 (24.7%) were assemblage typed (9 assemblage A; 5 assemblage B; and 4 mixed A+B). Compared with the SSU rDNA qPCR, QuikChek was more sensitive than RPA (85.7 vs 61.9%), but with similar specificities (80.8 vs 84.6%). In comparison to QuikChek, RPA had 46.4% sensitivity and 82.2% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in-field and comparative laboratory validation of RPA for giardiasis in low resource settings. Further refinement and technology transfer, specifically in relation to stool sample preparation, will be needed to implement this assay in the field, which could assist better detection of asymptomatic Giardia infections

The insecticides permethrin and chlorpyrifos show limited genotoxicity and no leukemogenic potential in human and murine hematopoietic stem progenitor cells

Altres ajuts: European Food and Safety Authority, EFSA.PRAS.2018.04-CT1; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CB-2012-01-183467; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer, PID2019-104695RBI00; Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, AECC INVES211226MOLI

Facial cleanliness indicators by time of day: results of a cross-sectional trachoma prevalence survey in Senegal.

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization-recommended strategy for trachoma elimination as a public health problem is known by the acronym "SAFE", where "F" stands for facial cleanliness to reduce transmission of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Accurately and reliably measuring facial cleanliness is problematic. Various indicators for measuring an unclean face exist, however, the accuracy and reliability of these indicators is questionable and their relationship to face washing practices is poorly described. METHODS: Clean face indicator (ocular or nasal discharge, flies on the face, and dirt on the face), trachoma clinical sign, and ocular C. trachomatis infection data were collected for 1613 children aged 0-9 years in 12 Senegalese villages as part of a cross-sectional trachoma prevalence study. Time of examination was recorded to the nearest half hour. A risk factor questionnaire containing Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) questions was administered to heads of compounds (households that shared a common doorway) and households (those who shared a common cooking pot). RESULTS: WASH access and use were high, with 1457/1613 (90.3%) children living in households with access to a primary water source within 30 min. Despite it being reported that 1610/1613 (99.8%) children had their face washed at awakening, > 75% (37/47) of children had at least one unclean face indicator at the first examination time-slot of the day. The proportion of children with facial cleanliness indicators differed depending on the time the child was examined. Dirt on the face was more common, and ocular discharge less common, in children examined after 11:00 h than in children examined at 10:30 h and 11:00 h. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high reported WASH access and use, the proportion of children with an unclean face indicator should have been low at the beginning of the day. This was not observed, explained either by: the facial indicators not being reliable measures of face washing; eye discharge, nose discharge or dirt rapidly re-accumulated after face washing in children in this population at the time of fieldwork; and/or responder bias to the risk factor questionnaire. A high proportion of children had unclean face indicators throughout the day, with certain indicators varying by time of day. A reliable, standardised, practical measure of face washing is needed, that reflects hygiene behaviour rather than environmental or cultural factors

Conjunctival fibrosis and the innate barriers to Chlamydia trachomatis intracellular infection: a genome wide association study.

Chlamydia trachomatis causes both trachoma and sexually transmitted infections. These diseases have similar pathology and potentially similar genetic predisposing factors. We aimed to identify polymorphisms and pathways associated with pathological sequelae of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infections in The Gambia. We report a discovery phase genome-wide association study (GWAS) of scarring trachoma (1090 cases, 1531 controls) that identified 27 SNPs with strong, but not genome-wide significant, association with disease (5 × 10(-6) > P > 5 × 10(-8)). The most strongly associated SNP (rs111513399, P = 5.38 × 10(-7)) fell within a gene (PREX2) with homology to factors known to facilitate chlamydial entry to the host cell. Pathway analysis of GWAS data was significantly enriched for mitotic cell cycle processes (P = 0.001), the immune response (P = 0.00001) and for multiple cell surface receptor signalling pathways. New analyses of published transcriptome data sets from Gambia, Tanzania and Ethiopia also revealed that the same cell cycle and immune response pathways were enriched at the transcriptional level in various disease states. Although unconfirmed, the data suggest that genetic associations with chlamydial scarring disease may be focussed on processes relating to the immune response, the host cell cycle and cell surface receptor signalling

Native American ancestry significantly contributes to neuromyelitis optica susceptibility in the admixed Mexican population

Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease with a higher prevalence in non-European populations. Because the Mexican population resulted from the admixture between mainly Native American and European populations, we used genome-wide microarray, HLA high-resolution typing and AQP4 gene sequencing data to analyze genetic ancestry and to seek genetic variants conferring NMO susceptibility in admixed Mexican patients. A total of 164 Mexican NMO patients and 1,208 controls were included. On average, NMO patients had a higher proportion of Native American ancestry than controls (68.1% vs 58.6%; p = 5 × 10–6). GWAS identified a HLA region associated with NMO, led by rs9272219 (OR = 2.48, P = 8 × 10–10). Class II HLA alleles HLA-DQB1*03:01, -DRB1*08:02, -DRB1*16:02, -DRB1*14:06 and -DQB1*04:02 showed the most significant associations with NMO risk. Local ancestry estimates suggest that all the NMO-associated alleles within the HLA region are of Native American origin. No novel or missense variants in the AQP4 gene were found in Mexican patients with NMO or multiple sclerosis. To our knowledge, this is the first study supporting the notion that Native American ancestry significantly contributes to NMO susceptibility in an admixed population, and is consistent with differences in NMO epidemiology in Mexico and Latin America.Fil: Romero Hidalgo, Sandra. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Flores Rivera, José. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Rivas Alonso, Verónica. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Barquera, Rodrigo. Max Planck Institute For The Science Of Human History; Alemania. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia; MéxicoFil: Villarreal Molina, María Teresa. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Antuna Puente, Bárbara. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Macias Kauffer, Luis Rodrigo. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Villalobos Comparán, Marisela. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Ortiz Maldonado, Jair. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Yu, Neng. American Red Cross; Estados UnidosFil: Lebedeva, Tatiana V.. American Red Cross; Estados UnidosFil: Alosco, Sharon M.. American Red Cross; Estados UnidosFil: García Rodríguez, Juan Daniel. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: González Torres, Carolina. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Rosas Madrigal, Sandra. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica; MéxicoFil: Ordoñez, Graciela. Neuroimmunología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Guerrero Camacho, Jorge Luis. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; MéxicoFil: Treviño Frenk, Irene. American British Cowdray Medical Center; México. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Escamilla Tilch, Monica. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: García Lechuga, Maricela. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Tovar Méndez, Víctor Hugo. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Pacheco Ubaldo, Hanna. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Acuña Alonzo, Victor. Instituto Nacional de Antropología E Historia. Escuela Nacional de Antropología E Historia; MéxicoFil: Bortolini, María Cátira. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Gallo, Carla. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Bedoya Berrío, Gabriel. Universidad de Antioquia; ColombiaFil: Rothhammer, Francisco. Universidad de Tarapacá; ChileFil: Gonzalez-Jose, Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz Linares, Andrés. Colegio Universitario de Londres; Reino UnidoFil: Canizales Quinteros, Samuel. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Yunis, Edmond. Dana Farber Cancer Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Granados, Julio. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Corona, Teresa. Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía; Méxic

Differential Expression of Fungal Genes Determines the Lifestyle of Plectosphaerella Strains During Arabidopsis thaliana Colonization

16 Päg.The fungal genus Plectosphaerella comprises species and strains with different lifestyles on plants, such as P. cucumerina, which has served as model for the characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana basal and nonhost resistance to necrotrophic fungi. We have sequenced, annotated, and compared the genomes and transcriptomes of three Plectosphaerella strains with different lifestyles on A. thaliana, namely, PcBMM, a natural pathogen of wild-type plants (Col-0), Pc2127, a nonpathogenic strain on Col-0 but pathogenic on the immunocompromised cyp79B2 cyp79B3 mutant, and P0831, which was isolated from a natural population of A. thaliana and is shown here to be nonpathogenic and to grow epiphytically on Col-0 and cyp79B2 cyp79B3 plants. The genomes of these Plectosphaerella strains are very similar and do not differ in the number of genes with pathogenesis-related functions, with the exception of secreted carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), which are up to five times more abundant in the pathogenic strain PcBMM. Analysis of the fungal transcriptomes in inoculated Col-0 and cyp79B2 cyp79B3 plants at initial colonization stages confirm the key role of secreted CAZymes in the necrotrophic interaction, since PcBMM expresses more genes encoding secreted CAZymes than Pc2127 and P0831. We also show that P0831 epiphytic growth on A. thaliana involves the transcription of specific repertoires of fungal genes, which might be necessary for epiphytic growth adaptation. Overall, these results suggest that in-planta expression of specific sets of fungal genes at early stages of colonization determine the diverse lifestyles and pathogenicity of Plectosphaerella strains.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) grant BIO2015-64077-R and the Spanish Research Agency (AEI) grant RTI2018-096975-B-I00 to A. Molina and by the “Severo Ochoa Programme for Centers of Excellence in R&D” grant SEV-2016-0672 (2017-2021) to the CBGP (UPM-INIA). In the frame of SEV-2016-0672 program, H. Mélida was supported with a postdoctoral contract. A. Muñoz-Barrios was financially supported by the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) Ph.D. students PIF program, I. del Hierro was a FPU fellow (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports grant FPU16/07118), V. Fernández-Calleja was supported by the Consejería de Educacíon e Investigacíon of Comunidad de Madrid YEI program for postdoctoral researchers (PEJD-2016/BIO-3327), and the work was further supported through a Comunidad de Madrid YEI program for laboratory technicians grant (PEJ16/BIO/TL-1570).Peer reviewe

Desarrollo multidisciplinario en investigación y docencia del centro universitario UAEM Valle de México

DESARROLLO MULTIDISCIPLINARIO EN INVESTIGACIÓN Y DOCENCIA DEL CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO UAEM VALLE DE MÉXICOLa Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México ha evolucionado a través de sus 188 años de historia, dedicada a la educación, la investigación, la cultura y el deporte, como sus grandes ejes rectores, formadora de hombres y mujeres con un alto sentido humanista y ético, contribuyendo a lograr nuevas y mejores formas de existencia y convivencia social. Durante el proceso de desconcentración de la UAEM, se crearon las Unidades Académicas y Centros Universitarios para brindar el servicio de educación a más jóvenes en todo el Estado de México, este Centro Universitario fue uno de los primeros y a sus veinte años de existencia se está consolidando como uno de los mejores. Es en los últimos años que se ha venido impulsando la investigación al contar con cuerpos académicos, en formación y en consolidación, con infraestructura de primera tanto en equipo como en laboratorios especializados, con profesores de tiempo completo que participan en congresos, seminarios y presentan publicaciones en revistas indexadas. Por ello para celebrar esos veinte años de existencia de esta honorable institución, se planeó la compilación de esta obra que es parte del quehacer multidisciplinario en investigación y docencia como parte del Plan de Desarrollo 2013-2017, de esta administración. Esta obra reúne investigaciones tanto de profesores como de alumnos desde las diferentes ramas del saber en las que se inscriben sus siete licenciaturas, Actuaría, Administración, Contaduría, Derecho, Economía, Relaciones Económicas Internacionales e Informática Administrativa, tanto presencial como a distancia, así como sus tres ingenierías, Industrial, en Computación y Sistemas y Comunicaciones, así como gracias a la vinculación y colaboración académico – científica que se tiene con otras instituciones de educación superior a nivel nacional, como el Instituto Tecnológico de Orizaba, la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Universidad Politécnica de Victoria, el Instituto Politécnico Nacional entre otras. En el capítulo 1 se abordan seis temáticas diferentes de vanguardia en el área de las Ingenierías, en los capítulos 2 y 3 se incluyen temas de interés y gran relevancia en materia de ciencias sociales, política y economía. Se hace extensivo un reconocimiento para todos los que participaron tanto en la revisión de los trabajos, como en la compilación del producto final de este Libro intitulado “Desarrollo Multidisciplinario en Investigación y Docencia del Centro Universitario UAEM Valle de México”

Comparative study of entropy sensitivity to missing biosignal data

Entropy estimation metrics have become a widely used method to identify subtle changes or hidden features in biomedical records. These methods have been more effective than conventional linear techniques in a number of signal classification applications, specially the healthy pathological segmentation dichotomy. Nevertheless, a thorough characterization of these measures, namely, how to match metric and signal features, is still lacking. This paper studies a specific characterization problem: the influence of missing samples in biomedical records. The assessment is conducted using four of the most popular entropy metrics: Approximate Entropy, Sample Entropy, Fuzzy Entropy, and Detrended Fluctuation Analysis. The rationale of this study is that missing samples are a signal disturbance that can arise in many cases: signal compression, non-uniform sampling, or data transmission stages. It is of great interest to determine if these real situations can impair the capability of segmenting signal classes using such metrics. The experiments employed several biosignals: electroencephalograms, gait records, and RR time series. Samples of these signals were systematically removed, and the entropy computed for each case. The results showed that these metrics are robust against missing samples: With a data loss percentage of 50% or even higher, the methods were still able to distinguish among signal classes.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, research project TEC2009-14222.Cirugeda Roldan, EM.; Cuesta Frau, D.; Miró Martínez, P.; Oltra Crespo, S. (2014). Comparative study of entropy sensitivity to missing biosignal data. Entropy. 16(11):5901-5918. doi:10.3390/e16115901S590159181611Garrett, D., Peterson, D. A., Anderson, C. W., & Thaut, M. H. (2003). 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A novel application of sample entropy to the electrocardiogram of atrial fibrillation. Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications, 11(2), 1026-1035. doi:10.1016/j.nonrwa.2009.01.047Lake, D. E., Richman, J. S., Griffin, M. P., & Moorman, J. R. (2002). Sample entropy analysis of neonatal heart rate variability. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 283(3), R789-R797. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00069.2002Richman, J. S., & Moorman, J. R. (2000). Physiological time-series analysis using approximate entropy and sample entropy. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 278(6), H2039-H2049. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.2000.278.6.h2039Pincus, S. M., Gladstone, I. M., & Ehrenkranz, R. A. (1991). A regularity statistic for medical data analysis. Journal of Clinical Monitoring, 7(4), 335-345. doi:10.1007/bf01619355Abasolo, D., Hornero, R., Escudero, J., & Espino, P. (2008). 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(2001). Indications of nonlinear deterministic and finite-dimensional structures in time series of brain electrical activity: Dependence on recording region and brain state. Physical Review E, 64(6). doi:10.1103/physreve.64.061907Radhakrishnan, N., & Gangadhar, B. N. (1998). Estimating regularity in epileptic seizure time-series data. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, 17(3), 89-94. doi:10.1109/51.677174Burnsed, J., Quigg, M., Zanelli, S., & Goodkin, H. P. (2011). Clinical Severity, Rather Than Body Temperature, During the Rewarming Phase of Therapeutic Hypothermia Affect Quantitative EEG in Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 28(1), 10-14. doi:10.1097/wnp.0b013e318205134bDeffeyes, J. E., Harbourne, R. T., DeJong, S. L., Kyvelidou, A., Stuberg, W. A., & Stergiou, N. (2009). Use of information entropy measures of sitting postural sway to quantify developmental delay in infants. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 6(1), 34. doi:10.1186/1743-0003-6-34Moorman, J. R., Delos, J. B., Flower, A. A., Cao, H., Kovatchev, B. P., Richman, J. S., & Lake, D. E. (2011). Cardiovascular oscillations at the bedside: early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis using heart rate characteristics monitoring. Physiological Measurement, 32(11), 1821-1832. doi:10.1088/0967-3334/32/11/s08Zhang, D., Ding, H., Liu, Y., Zhou, C., Ding, H., & Ye, D. (2009). Neurodevelopment in newborns: a sample entropy analysis of electroencephalogram. Physiological Measurement, 30(5), 491-504. doi:10.1088/0967-3334/30/5/006Veiga, J., Lopes, A. J., Jansen, J. M., & Melo, P. L. (2011). Airflow pattern complexity and airway obstruction in asthma. Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(2), 412-419. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00267.2011Albuerne-Sanchez, L., Gonzalez-Camarena, R., Mejia-Avila, M., Carrillo-Rodriguez, G., Aljama-Corrales, T., & Charleston-Villalobos, S. (2013). Linear and Nonlinear Analysis of Base Lung Sound in Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis Patients in Comparison to Healthy Subjects. Methods of Information in Medicine, 52(03), 266-276. doi:10.3414/me12-01-0037Jing Hu, Jianbo Gao, & Principe, J. C. (2006). Analysis of Biomedical Signals by the Lempel-Ziv Complexity: the Effect of Finite Data Size. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 53(12), 2606-2609. doi:10.1109/tbme.2006.883825Maestri, R., Pinna, G. D., Porta, A., Balocchi, R., Sassi, R., Signorini, M. G., … Raczak, G. (2007). Assessing nonlinear properties of heart rate variability from short-term recordings: are these measurements reliable? Physiological Measurement, 28(9), 1067-1077. doi:10.1088/0967-3334/28/9/008Hornero, R., Aboy, M., Abasolo, D., McNames, J., & Goldstein, B. (2005). Interpretation of Approximate Entropy: Analysis of Intracranial Pressure Approximate Entropy During Acute Intracranial Hypertension. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 52(10), 1671-1680. doi:10.1109/tbme.2005.855722Escudero, J., Hornero, R., & Abásolo, D. (2009). Interpretation of the auto-mutual information rate of decrease in the context of biomedical signal analysis. Application to electroencephalogram recordings. Physiological Measurement, 30(2), 187-199. doi:10.1088/0967-3334/30/2/006Aboy, M., Hornero, R., Abasolo, D., & Alvarez, D. (2006). Interpretation of the Lempel-Ziv Complexity Measure in the Context of Biomedical Signal Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 53(11), 2282-2288. doi:10.1109/tbme.2006.883696Garcia-Gonzalez, M. A., Fernandez-Chimeno, M., & Ramos-Castro, J. (2009). Errors in the Estimation of Approximate Entropy and Other Recurrence-Plot-Derived Indices Due to the Finite Resolution of RR Time Series. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 56(2), 345-351. doi:10.1109/tbme.2008.2005951Molina-Picó, A., Cuesta-Frau, D., Aboy, M., Crespo, C., Miró-Martínez, P., & Oltra-Crespo, S. (2011). Comparative study of approximate entropy and sample entropy robustness to spikes. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 53(2), 97-106. doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2011.06.007Bao, Y., Li, H., Sun, X., Yu, Y., & Ou, J. (2012). Compressive sampling–based data loss recovery for wireless sensor networks used in civil structural health monitoring. Structural Health Monitoring: An International Journal, 12(1), 78-95. doi:10.1177/1475921712462936Cuesta-Frau, D., Pérez-Cortés, J. C., & Andreu-Garcı́a, G. (2003). Clustering of electrocardiograph signals in computer-aided Holter analysis. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 72(3), 179-196. doi:10.1016/s0169-2607(02)00145-1Chon, K. H., Scully, C. G., & Lu, S. (2009). Approximate entropy for all signals. 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Jardins per a la salut

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia. Assignatura: Botànica farmacèutica. Curs: 2014-2015. Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són el recull de les fitxes botàniques de 128 espècies presents en el Jardí Ferran Soldevila de l’Edifici Històric de la UB. Els treballs han estat realitzats manera individual per part dels estudiants dels grups M-3 i T-1 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos de febrer a maig del curs 2014-15 com a resultat final del Projecte d’Innovació Docent «Jardins per a la salut: aprenentatge servei a Botànica farmacèutica» (codi 2014PID-UB/054). Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pels professors de l’assignatura. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica. També s’ha pretès motivar els estudiants a través del retorn de part del seu esforç a la societat a través d’una experiència d’Aprenentatge-Servei, deixant disponible finalment el treball dels estudiants per a poder ser consultable a través d’una Web pública amb la possibilitat de poder-ho fer in-situ en el propi jardí mitjançant codis QR amb un smartphone