Cabaran membina kemajuan bangsa Melayu dalam matahari memancar tarikh kerajaan Jepun (Challenges to Malay`s progress in matahari memancar tarikh kerajaan Jepun )

Abdullah Abdul Rahman, a religious scholar from Johore, had written about the progress of the Malays in the early 20th century. From 1932 to 1947 he held the post of Head of Johor Religious Department. This article analyzes a work of Abdullah Abdul Rahman, Matahari Memancar Tarikh KerajaanJepun, emphasizing the social aspect, mainly, of the challenges in bringing about progress to the Malays. This study adopts a qualitative approach through document analysis looking at textual materials as the prime sources for this study. This study suggests that Abdullah Abdul Rahman emphasizes the achievements of the Japanese as a committed people in building a nation, whereas the Malays are portrayed as dependent on the colonial master, especially in governance and defence of the state. Apart from that, this study underlines two important characteristics of the Japanese culture then; wisdom and self-confidence. Besides, the significance of this study is substantiated as the positive characteristics of the Japanese could be emulated by the Malays to generate development and progress. In addition, the characteristics have proven to have brought development to the Japanese. The effort to emulate and learn from the achievements and development of the Japanese was when the Malaysian government introduced the Look East Policy in 198

[Baby Magazine And Caliphate Discussion] Majalah Pengasuh dan Persoalan Khalifah

Pengasuh magazine is one of magazines which plays an important role in spreading information, knowledge and as a medium of reforms movement among Malay society since its birth in 1918 as was published by Kelantan Islamic Religious Council. One of Pengasuh upsides is its ability to sustain until today compared to its other concurrent mass media before long discarded. Looking at the significance and role Pengasuh has undertaken, this article intends to revisit the question of caliphate that was raised in Pengasuh in the year 1924. The discussion of the caliphate issue coincides with the incident of the caliphate dissolved by Mustafa Kemal in Turkey. The dissolution is an important incident for the Muslim ummah as it ends a kind of Islamic ruling system inherited since the Righteous Caliphate era. Keywords: Majalah Pengasuh,  Khilafah, Mustafa Kemal Majalah Pengasuh merupakan salah sebuah majalah yang memainkan peranan penting dalam menyebarkan maklumat, ilmu dan sebagai wadah kepada gerakan islah dalam kalangan masyarakat Melayu sejak kelahirannya pada tahun 1918 yang diterbitkan oleh Majlis Agama Islam Kelantan. Salah satu kelebihan Pengasuh adalah mampu bertahan sehingga ke hari ini berbanding media massa seangkatannya yang telah lama berkubur. Melihat kepada kepentingan dan peranan yang dimainkan Pengasuh, artikel ini cuba mengupas persoalan khilafah yang dibentangkan oleh Pengasuh pada tahun 1924. Perbincangan isu khilafah ini selari dengan peristiwa pembubaran khilafah oleh Mustafa Kemal di Turki. Pembubaran tersebut merupakan satu peristiwa penting kepada umat Islam kerana mengakhiri suatu bentuk sistem pemerintahan Islam yang diwarisi sejak zaman Khulafa al-Rasyidin. Kata kunci: Majalah Pengasuh, Khilafah, Mustafa Kemal

Fouling and Mechanism

Fouling is the deposition of material on the heat transfer surface which reduces the film heat transfer coefficient. The impact of fouling on the heat exchanger is manifested as the reduction of thermal and hydraulic performance, in which the latter has a minor effect. This factor needs to be considered when calculating the effectiveness of the heat exchanger. During the design of heat exchangers, the fouling factor increases the required heat transfer area, which adds extra manufacturing costs. With less efficient heat exchangers, the economic cost of fouling is related to excess fuel consumption, loss of production, and maintenance or cleaning. The extra fuel consumption also damages the environment by increasing greenhouse gas production. Although much of the research work has been done on modeling and predicting fouling, it is still a poorly understood phenomenon representing the complexity of its mechanism. The common fouling mitigation action after the onset of fouling is to optimize the operating condition, e.g., increase the bulk flow velocity or decrease surface temperature. However, many quantitative and semi-empirical models have been developed to predict the fouling rate for preventive actions and optimizing cleaning schedules

A process integration approach for design of hybrid power systems with energy storage

Selection of energy storage technology in hybrid power systems (HPS) is vital due to the unique advantages and capabilities offered by different storage technologies. For an optimal operation, the efficient and economical storage system for an HPS should be selected. This work introduces a new systematic generic framework to determine the most cost-effective storage technology for an HPS. A Power Pinch Analysis tool called the AC/DC modified storage cascade table has been developed to optimise the HPS by considering various storage technologies. The economics of the various types of storage modes was analysed, taking into account the associated energy losses, among others. The method was applied to two case studies with different power trends to evaluate the effect of storage efficiencies and storage form on the performance of HPS. A superconducting magnetic storage system of 26.12 kWh capacity, that gives an investment payback period of 3.6 years, is the most cost-effective storage technology for the small-scale household system in Case Study 1. For the large-scale industrial application presented in Case Study 2, the Lead-Acid battery with a capacity of 15.38 MWh gives the lowest payback period (1.43 years)

Bank customers' reception towards internet banking

The objective of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the reception of bank customer towards internet banking in Malaysia.The literature on internet banking in Malaysia covers widely on the benefits of internet banking.However we find that the usage of internet banking among Malaysian bank customers is still low compared to more develop countries.Our study find that security concern, lack of awareness and reluctant to change or to adopt new technology as the prime reasons for slow reception of internet banking in Malaysia.Bank management could instill greater confidence by providing adequate education on security concern.A lesson to be learnt from the Malaysia experience is that public education and information dissemination should be in line with technological innovation and advances in financial sector

Antibiotic prescribing in an intensive care unit: Findings from a public Malaysian setting

Introduction: Data on antibiotic prescribing together with its knowledge and perception in Malaysian ICU is lacking. Objectives: To explore knowledge, perception, and antibiotic prescribing among specialists and advanced trainees in Malaysian ICU. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was employed which consisted of three sections namely knowledge, perception, and practice. Three case vignettes consisted of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), infected necrotising pancreatitis (INP), and catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) were presented in the practice section to gather information on prescribing practice. Results: About 868 respondents were approached but only 104 responded (12.0% response rate). Seven different classes of antibiotics giving a total of 390 were empirically prescribed for the three cases combined. Antibiotic prescribing compliance which indicates correct choice of antibiotics and dosing were 66.3%, 56.7%, and 19.2% for HAI, INP, and CRBSI respectively. In perception, 97.2% and 85.6% of respondents conceded that antibiotic concentration is inadequate, and that dosing be based on MIC respectively. Majority (94.2%) perceived that antibiotic dosing follows PK/PD profile but only half (50.9%) agreed that therapeutic drug monitoring be routinely performed. Comprehension on antibiotics showed that all respondents acknowledged PK/PD profile of antibiotics but only 64.4% able to correlate given antibiotic with their respective PK/PD. Only 13.5% of respondents able to identify the best PD approach for Î-lactam antibiotics in sepsis patients. Conclusion: Antibiotic prescribing was somewhat appropriate in Malaysian ICU. Prolong therapy and inadequate coverage are the hallmark need to be considered especially in CRBSI. Clinicians are conversant with available antibiotics but apprehension in its PK/PD is scan

Transversely-intersecting D-branes at finite temperature and chiral phase transition

We consider Sakai-Sugimoto like models consisting of Dq-Dp-anti-Dp-branes where flavor Dp and anti-Dp-branes transversely intersect color Dq-branes along two (r+1)-dimensional subspaces. For some values of p and q, the theory of intersections dynamically breaks non-Abelian chiral symmetry which is holographically realized as a smooth connection of the flavor branes at some point in the bulk of the geometry created by Dq-branes. We analyze the system at finite temperature and map out different phases of the theory representing chiral symmetry breaking and restoration. For q<5 we find that, unlike the zero-temperature case, there exist two branches of smoothly-connected solutions for the flavor branes, one getting very close to the horizon of the background and the other staying farther away from it. At low temperatures, the solution which stays farther away from the horizon determines the vacuum. For background D5 and D6-branes we find that the flavor branes, like the zero temperature case, show subtle behavior whose dual gauge theory interpretation is not clear. We conclude with some comments on how chiral phase transition in these models can be seen from their open string tachyon dynamics.Comment: 35 pages, 7 figures, minor changes, published versio

Integration of the environmental management aspect in the optimization of the design and planning of energy systems

The increasing concerns regarding the environmental pollution derived from anthropogenic activities, such as the use of fossil fuels for power generation, has driven many interested parties to seek different alternatives, e.g. use of renewable energy sources, use of “cleaner” fuels and use of more effective technologies, in order to minimize and control the quantity of emissions that are produced during the life cycle of conventional energy sources. In addition to these alternatives, the use of an integrated procedure in which the environmental aspect will be taken into account during the design and planning of energy systems could provide a basis on which emissions reduction will be dealt with a life cycle approach. The work presented in this paper focuses on the examination of the possibilities of integrating the environmental aspects in the preliminary phase of the conventional design and planning of energy systems in conjunction with other parameters, such as financial cost, availability, capacity, location, etc. The integration of the environmental parameter to the design is carried out within a context where Eco-design concepts are applied. Due to the multi-parameter nature of the design procedure, the tools that are used are Life Cycle Analysis and Multi-criteria Analysis. The proposed optimization model examines and identifies optimum available options of the use of different energy sources and technologies for the production of electricity and/or heat by minimizing both the financial cost and the environmental impacts, with regard to a multiple objective optimization subject to a set of specific constraints. Implementation of the proposed model in the form of a case study for the island of Rhodes in Greece revealed that an optimized solution both cost and environmental-wise, would be an almost balanced participation of renewables and non-renewable energy sources in the energy mix