Twister Cloth Dryer / Mohammad Izham Rozali and Muhammad Zul Fadhli Mohidin

This project study aims to prepare a design for producing new tool in cloth drying process. It uses solar plat (blacken body) to provide heat. The solar heater allows the system to absorb the energy from the sun and make air in the system become warmer. The dryer system is supported by heater system to heat water content. Electrical heater would function during the cloudy or at the night when the solar energy is not available. Both solar and electric heater can be used at the same time and it will give the best result. The control of temperature inside the system is accomplished using a standard thermostat controller. The function of thermostat is to maintain the temperature inside the system. When temperature inside is low, the thermostat automatically switch ON the electric heater system

PEMIKIRAN AKIDAH MUHAMMAD BIN KHALIL AL-SAKUNI

Abu ‘Abd Allah Mu?ammad bin Khalil al-Sakuni al-‘Ishbili al-Qayrawani atau lebih dikenali dengan Muhammad bin Khalil al-Sakuni merupakan seorang tokoh ulama terkemuka dalam mazhab akidah Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama?ah al-Asha’irah pada abad ke 7 Hijrah. Beliau meneruskan kesinambungan pemikiran akidah yang dibawa oleh Imam Abu al-Hasan al-Ash’ari (m. 324H) di dunia barat Islam. Beliau merupakan seorang sarjana yang banyak meninggalkan sumbangan kepada keilmuan Islam khususnya dalam bidang akidah. Muhammad bin Khalil al-Sakuni mendapat sanjungan sebagai seorang mutakallimin yang terkemuka dalam kalangan ulama sezaman dengannya dan para sarjana Islam berikutnya sehingga ke hari ini. Ketokohan beliau terserlah berdasarkan karya-karyanya yang banyak dijadikan sebagai sumber rujukan para ulama Islam sepanjang zaman. Namun begitu, perbincangan berkaitan sumbangan beliau tersebut dilihat tidak banyak dikaji oleh pengkaji muta’akhirin di rantau ini. Justeru itu, fokus utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji sumbangan beliau dari aspek pemikiran akidah dan implikasi sumbangan tersebut terhadap perkembangan akidah Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah al-Asha’irah di dunia barat Islam. Bagi mencapai tujuan tersebut, kajian ini akan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif melibatkan analisis kandungan sumber primer (ma?adir) sama ada berbentuk manuskrip atau bahan bercetak dan juga sumber sekunder (maraji’). Kemudian data-data yang diperoleh, akan dianalisis menggunakan kaedah diskriptif. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa Muhammad bin Khalil al-Sakuni merupakan seorang ulama akidah terkenal yang telah memberikan sumbangan besar terhadap penyebaran mazhab al-Ash’ari di dunia barat Islam. Pemikiran akidah yang ditonjolkan oleh beliau dapat dijadikan sebagai iktibar dan rujukan umat Islam dalam menghadapi kemelut serangan pemikiran yang bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam yang sebenar

[Baby Magazine And Caliphate Discussion] Majalah Pengasuh dan Persoalan Khalifah

Pengasuh magazine is one of magazines which plays an important role in spreading information, knowledge and as a medium of reforms movement among Malay society since its birth in 1918 as was published by Kelantan Islamic Religious Council. One of Pengasuh upsides is its ability to sustain until today compared to its other concurrent mass media before long discarded. Looking at the significance and role Pengasuh has undertaken, this article intends to revisit the question of caliphate that was raised in Pengasuh in the year 1924. The discussion of the caliphate issue coincides with the incident of the caliphate dissolved by Mustafa Kemal in Turkey. The dissolution is an important incident for the Muslim ummah as it ends a kind of Islamic ruling system inherited since the Righteous Caliphate era. Keywords: Majalah Pengasuh,  Khilafah, Mustafa Kemal Majalah Pengasuh merupakan salah sebuah majalah yang memainkan peranan penting dalam menyebarkan maklumat, ilmu dan sebagai wadah kepada gerakan islah dalam kalangan masyarakat Melayu sejak kelahirannya pada tahun 1918 yang diterbitkan oleh Majlis Agama Islam Kelantan. Salah satu kelebihan Pengasuh adalah mampu bertahan sehingga ke hari ini berbanding media massa seangkatannya yang telah lama berkubur. Melihat kepada kepentingan dan peranan yang dimainkan Pengasuh, artikel ini cuba mengupas persoalan khilafah yang dibentangkan oleh Pengasuh pada tahun 1924. Perbincangan isu khilafah ini selari dengan peristiwa pembubaran khilafah oleh Mustafa Kemal di Turki. Pembubaran tersebut merupakan satu peristiwa penting kepada umat Islam kerana mengakhiri suatu bentuk sistem pemerintahan Islam yang diwarisi sejak zaman Khulafa al-Rasyidin. Kata kunci: Majalah Pengasuh, Khilafah, Mustafa Kemal

Fouling and Mechanism

Fouling is the deposition of material on the heat transfer surface which reduces the film heat transfer coefficient. The impact of fouling on the heat exchanger is manifested as the reduction of thermal and hydraulic performance, in which the latter has a minor effect. This factor needs to be considered when calculating the effectiveness of the heat exchanger. During the design of heat exchangers, the fouling factor increases the required heat transfer area, which adds extra manufacturing costs. With less efficient heat exchangers, the economic cost of fouling is related to excess fuel consumption, loss of production, and maintenance or cleaning. The extra fuel consumption also damages the environment by increasing greenhouse gas production. Although much of the research work has been done on modeling and predicting fouling, it is still a poorly understood phenomenon representing the complexity of its mechanism. The common fouling mitigation action after the onset of fouling is to optimize the operating condition, e.g., increase the bulk flow velocity or decrease surface temperature. However, many quantitative and semi-empirical models have been developed to predict the fouling rate for preventive actions and optimizing cleaning schedules

Bank customers' reception towards internet banking

The objective of this study is to investigate the factors influencing the reception of bank customer towards internet banking in Malaysia.The literature on internet banking in Malaysia covers widely on the benefits of internet banking.However we find that the usage of internet banking among Malaysian bank customers is still low compared to more develop countries.Our study find that security concern, lack of awareness and reluctant to change or to adopt new technology as the prime reasons for slow reception of internet banking in Malaysia.Bank management could instill greater confidence by providing adequate education on security concern.A lesson to be learnt from the Malaysia experience is that public education and information dissemination should be in line with technological innovation and advances in financial sector

A process integration approach for design of hybrid power systems with energy storage

Selection of energy storage technology in hybrid power systems (HPS) is vital due to the unique advantages and capabilities offered by different storage technologies. For an optimal operation, the efficient and economical storage system for an HPS should be selected. This work introduces a new systematic generic framework to determine the most cost-effective storage technology for an HPS. A Power Pinch Analysis tool called the AC/DC modified storage cascade table has been developed to optimise the HPS by considering various storage technologies. The economics of the various types of storage modes was analysed, taking into account the associated energy losses, among others. The method was applied to two case studies with different power trends to evaluate the effect of storage efficiencies and storage form on the performance of HPS. A superconducting magnetic storage system of 26.12 kWh capacity, that gives an investment payback period of 3.6 years, is the most cost-effective storage technology for the small-scale household system in Case Study 1. For the large-scale industrial application presented in Case Study 2, the Lead-Acid battery with a capacity of 15.38 MWh gives the lowest payback period (1.43 years)

Peranan al-riḥlah al-ʿilmiyyah dalam penyebaran mazhab al-Ashʿarī di dunia barat Islam dari kurun ke-6 hingga ke-8 hijrah = The role of al-riḥlah al-ʿilmiyyah in the spread of the al-Ashʿarī school of thought in the western Islamic world from the 6th to the 8th hijrah

Al-riḥlah al-ʿilmiyyah atau permusafiran menuntut ilmu kadang kala dianggap sebagai satu perkara yang membebankan kerana terpaksa meninggalkan keluarga, menghabiskan masa dan merugikan wang. Namun tiada siapa yang dapat menyangkal fakta bahawa melalui permusafiran inilah berlakunya proses perpindahan maklumat. Dalam tradisi keilmuan Islam, pertemuan di Mekah sewaktu musim haji menjadi titik perkumpulan para sarjana dari Mashriq dan Maghrib yang bermusafir ke sana sekaligus menjadikan ia sebagai pusat penyebaran ilmu terutama dalam rangka penyebaran mazhab al-Ashʿarī walaupun dalam suasana keterbatasan teknologi komunikasi. Kajian ini dilakukan bagi melihat sejauh manakah proses penyebaran ini berlaku khususnya pada kurun ke-6 hingga ke-8 hijrah sekali gus mengkaji pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam penyebaran mazhab ini di dunia barat Islam. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif yang melibatkan analisis data daripada sumber primer yang berkaitan. Kemudian data yang diperolehi dianalisis menggunakan kaedah deskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pada waktu ini, sarjana yang terlibat dalam proses ini merupakan pakar dan rujukan dalam bidang akidah yang berlegar antara tiga lokaliti yang berbeza iaitu Andalus, Maghrib dan Mashriq. Hasil pertemuan mereka ini, beberapa bentuk interaksi telah berlaku yang boleh disimpulkan kepada beberapa kategori iaitu penyalinan manuskrip-manuskrip kitab, periwayatan sanad hadith, pengijazahan dan munāwalah kitab serta proses pengajaran dan perpindahan ilmu (knowledge transmission). Hasilnya, ilmu yang berasal dari Mashriq sampai ke Maghrib serta Andalus dan begitu juga sebaliknya. ***** Al-riḥlah al-ʿilmiyyah is sometimes considered a burden as it requires leaving one’s family, spending time and money. However, no one can deny the fact that through this journey, a process of information transfer occurs. In the Islamic scholarly tradition, the meeting in Mecca during the hajj season became a gathering point for scholars from Mashriq and Maghrib who traveled there and made it a center for the dissemination of knowledge, particularly for spreading the Ashʿarī school of thought, even in the absence of modern communication technology. This study was conducted to examine the extent of this dissemination process, particularly during the 6th to 8th centuries of the hijrah era, while also examining the parties involved in spreading this school of thought in the western Islamic world. This study is a literature review that uses qualitative methods involving data analysis from primary sources. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results show that at this time, the scholars involved in this process were experts and references in the field of aqīdah that revolved around three different localities, namely Andalus, Maghrib, and Mashriq. As a result of their meetings, various forms of interaction occurred, which can be categorized into manuscript copying, sanad hadith transmission, ijazah and munāwalah of books, as well as the process of teaching and knowledge transmission. As a result, knowledge originating from Mashriq reached Maghrib and Andalus, and vice versa

Antibiotic prescribing in an intensive care unit: Findings from a public Malaysian setting

Introduction: Data on antibiotic prescribing together with its knowledge and perception in Malaysian ICU is lacking. Objectives: To explore knowledge, perception, and antibiotic prescribing among specialists and advanced trainees in Malaysian ICU. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was employed which consisted of three sections namely knowledge, perception, and practice. Three case vignettes consisted of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), infected necrotising pancreatitis (INP), and catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) were presented in the practice section to gather information on prescribing practice. Results: About 868 respondents were approached but only 104 responded (12.0% response rate). Seven different classes of antibiotics giving a total of 390 were empirically prescribed for the three cases combined. Antibiotic prescribing compliance which indicates correct choice of antibiotics and dosing were 66.3%, 56.7%, and 19.2% for HAI, INP, and CRBSI respectively. In perception, 97.2% and 85.6% of respondents conceded that antibiotic concentration is inadequate, and that dosing be based on MIC respectively. Majority (94.2%) perceived that antibiotic dosing follows PK/PD profile but only half (50.9%) agreed that therapeutic drug monitoring be routinely performed. Comprehension on antibiotics showed that all respondents acknowledged PK/PD profile of antibiotics but only 64.4% able to correlate given antibiotic with their respective PK/PD. Only 13.5% of respondents able to identify the best PD approach for Î-lactam antibiotics in sepsis patients. Conclusion: Antibiotic prescribing was somewhat appropriate in Malaysian ICU. Prolong therapy and inadequate coverage are the hallmark need to be considered especially in CRBSI. Clinicians are conversant with available antibiotics but apprehension in its PK/PD is scan