First muon-neutrino disappearance study with an off-axis beam

We report a measurement of muon-neutrino disappearance in the T2K experiment. The 295-km muon-neutrino beam from Tokai to Kamioka is the first implementation of the off-axis technique in a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment

TERMORRESISTÊNCIA E SENSIBILIDADE A ANTIBIÓTICOS E QUIMIOTERÁPICOS DE CEPAS DE S. aureus ISOLADOS DE MATERIAIS ENVOLVIDOS EM INTOXICAÇÃO POR ENTEROTOXINA ESTAFILOCÓCICA, NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO*

Twenty-two S. aure strain isolated Eram Eood-borne diseases, were tested evaluate their thermo-resistance and antimicrobial susceptibility. Among _ strains fram meat origin, one was resistant to Penicillin G, Kanamycin and to Tetracycline; another strain was resistant to penicillin G and to Tetracycline and three were resistant to Penicillin G only. Analysis of twelve strains isolated fram cake derronst rat.ed one resistant to Penicillin G - o Nalidixic acid, one resistant to Penicillin G and to Kanamycin and ther resistant to Penicillin G and to polimyxin B. Six strains were resistant to Penicillin G only and three were susceptible to alI tested agents. One strain isolated fram farofa was resistant to Penicillin G and Kanamycin. Concerning the confectionary products, one strain isolated was  resistant to Penicillin G and to Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and another one was susceptible to alI the antimicrobials. Among two food- handlers' nasopharynx isolated, one, strain was resistant to Ampicillin and to Penicillin G, and the other one showed resistance to Phosphomycin. The thermo-resistance testing of twenty-five strains showed that five of them (20%) were viable when tested immediatly after being exposed to 68°C for minutes. Recovery of five strains (20%) was achieved after incubation of negative tubes.Foram realizados testes de termorresistência e teste de sensibilidade aos antibióticos e quimioterápicos em 22 cepas de S. aureus isoladas de eventos de doenças veiculadas por alimentos. Das 5 cepas isoladas de carne, uma apresentou resistência a penicilina/kanamicina/tetraci clina, outra cepa para penicilina/tetraciclina e as de­mais apenas para penicilina. Das doze cepas isoladas de bolo; três apresentaram resistência para penicilina/ácido nalidíxico, penicilina/kanamicina e penicilina/polimi xina B, outras seis somente para penicilina e as demais sensíveis para todos os agentes testados. Uma cepa isolada de farofa apresentou resistência a penicilina/kanamicina. Das duas cepas isoladas de produtos de confeita­ria, uma apresentou resistência dupla penicilina/sulfame toxazol-trimetoprim e a outra sensível a todos os agentes testados. Das duas cepas isoladas de nasofaringe de manipuladores de alimentos, uma foi resistente a ampici­lina/penicilina e a outra a fosfomicina. O teste de ter­morresistência de 25 cepas mostrou que 5 (20%) estavam viáveis imediatamente apÓs a exposição a 68°C por 10 mi­nutos. Dos tubos negativos, após a incubação foram ainda recuperadas 5 cepas (20%)

MICROBIAL INHIBITORS EVALUATED BY DELVO-TEST IN MILK FOR CONSUMPTION IN SÃO PAULO STATE (BRAZIL)

Foram testadas 648 amostras de leite para presença de inibidores microbianos através do Delvo teste. Destas, 12,72% foram positivas. Os tipos de leite revelaram: presença de inibidores em 44 amostras do tipo B (17,32%), em 8 do tipo C (8,25%), em 21 do tipo especial -3,2% de gordura (11,05%), em 5 do tipo magro - 2% de gordura (18,52%) e em 9'de leite cru, não pasteurizado (8,82%). As demais amostras, que incluem 14 do tipo A num total de 597 amostras, foram negativas para a presença de inibidores, avaliados pelo Delvo teste. A região de Bauru e Sorocaba revelaram número significativamente maior de amostras positivas com relação às demais regiões (respectivamente, 5 amostras positivas em 9 analisadas e 21 positivas em 135 analisadas). Six hundred and eighty four milk samples were tested for anti-microbial substances by the Delvo-test. Presented positive results 12,72%. Evaluation by classes of milk, revealed positive: 44 samples from type B 17,32%, 8 type C 8,25%, 21 special type-3,2% fat content 11,05%, 5 of 2% of fat content 18,52% and 9 non pasteurized 8,82%. AlI others 597 samples, that includes 14 type A, resulted negative for anti-microbial substances by the Delvo-test. Bauru and Sorocaba regions showed a significantly high number of positive samples when compared to others regions (respectively 5 positives among 9 and 21 among 135 samples analysed)

The T2K experiment

The T2K experiment is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle θ13 by observing νe appearance in a νμ beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, and sin22θ23, via νμ disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross-section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem

Measurements of the T2K neutrino beam properties using the INGRID on-axis near detector

Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure of iron target plates and scintillator trackers. INGRID directly monitors the muon neutrino beam profile center and intensity using the number of observed neutrino events in each module. The neutrino beam direction is measured with accuracy better than 0.4 mrad from the measured profile center. The normalized event rate is measured with 4% precision

Indication of electron neutrino appearance from an accelerator-produced off-axis muon neutrino beam.

The T2K experiment observes indications of ν(μ) → ν(e) appearance in data accumulated with 1.43×10(20) protons on target. Six events pass all selection criteria at the far detector. In a three-flavor neutrino oscillation scenario with |Δm(23)(2)| = 2.4×10(-3)  eV(2), sin(2)2θ(23) = 1 and sin(2)2θ(13) = 0, the expected number of such events is 1.5±0.3(syst). Under this hypothesis, the probability to observe six or more candidate events is 7×10(-3), equivalent to 2.5σ significance. At 90% C.L., the data are consistent with 0.03(0.04) < sin(2)2θ(13) < 0.28(0.34) for δ(CP) = 0 and a normal (inverted) hierarchy