Oral Kaposi Sarcoma in two patients living with HIV despite sustained viral suppression : new clues

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) etiologically linked to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the most common HIV associated cancer despite the generalization of antiretroviral therapy. Head, neck, and especially oral cavity are common and specific sites f

Caractérisation tribologique de films moléculaires d'acide phosphonique déposés sur une surface de cuivre

National audienceLa surface d'un substrat de cuivre a été fonctionnalisée grâce à une technique d'auto-assemblage d'une monocouche d'acide phosphonique. Après caractérisation de ce film, un excellent comportement tribologique est noté lorsqu'aucun nettoyage ultrasonore n'est effectué, pour des conditions de sollicitation de pression de 133 MPa et de vitesse de glissement de 1mm/s sur un tribomètre alternatif linéaire utilisant un frotteur en Si3N4 (μ = 0.12, durée de vie multipliée par 100). Des espèces physisorbées, sous formes d'amas de plusieurs μm3, présentes sur la monocouche semblent responsables de ce bon comportement. De premiers essais sur un tribomètre d'étirage-plan ont montré un réel potentiel de ce type de fonctionnalisation en emboutissage

Characterizing, modelling and understanding the climate variability of the deep water formation in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea

Observing, modelling and understanding the climate-scale variability of the deep water formation (DWF) in the North-Western Mediterranean Sea remains today very challenging. In this study, we first characterize the interannual variability of this phenomenon by a thorough reanalysis of observations in order to establish reference time series. These quantitative indicators include 31 observed years for the yearly maximum mixed layer depth over the period 1980–2013 and a detailed multi-indicator description of the period 2007–2013. Then a 1980–2013 hindcast simulation is performed with a fully-coupled regional climate system model including the high-resolution representation of the regional atmosphere, ocean, land-surface and rivers. The simulation reproduces quantitatively well the mean behaviour and the large interannual variability of the DWF phenomenon. The model shows convection deeper than 1000 m in 2/3 of the modelled winters, a mean DWF rate equal to 0.35 Sv with maximum values of 1.7 (resp. 1.6) Sv in 2013 (resp. 2005). Using the model results, the winter-integrated buoyancy loss over the Gulf of Lions is identified as the primary driving factor of the DWF interannual variability and explains, alone, around 50 % of its variance. It is itself explained by the occurrence of few stormy days during winter. At daily scale, the Atlantic ridge weather regime is identified as favourable to strong buoyancy losses and therefore DWF, whereas the positive phase of the North Atlantic oscillation is unfavourable. The driving role of the vertical stratification in autumn, a measure of the water column inhibition to mixing, has also been analyzed. Combining both driving factors allows to explain more than 70 % of the interannual variance of the phenomenon and in particular the occurrence of the five strongest convective years of the model (1981, 1999, 2005, 2009, 2013). The model simulates qualitatively well the trends in the deep waters (warming, saltening, increase in the dense water volume, increase in the bottom water density) despite an underestimation of the salinity and density trends. These deep trends come from a heat and salt accumulation during the 1980s and the 1990s in the surface and intermediate layers of the Gulf of Lions before being transferred stepwise towards the deep layers when very convective years occur in 1999 and later. The salinity increase in the near Atlantic Ocean surface layers seems to be the external forcing that finally leads to these deep trends. In the future, our results may allow to better understand the behaviour of the DWF phenomenon in Mediterranean Sea simulations in hindcast, forecast, reanalysis or future climate change scenario modes. The robustness of the obtained results must be however confirmed in multi-model studies

The Biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea: Estimates, Patterns, and Threats

The Mediterranean Sea is a marine biodiversity hot spot. Here we combined an extensive literature analysis with expert opinions to update publicly available estimates of major taxa in this marine ecosystem and to revise and update several species lists. We also assessed overall spatial and temporal patterns of species diversity and identified major changes and threats. Our results listed approximately 17,000 marine species occurring in the Mediterranean Sea. However, our estimates of marine diversity are still incomplete as yet—undescribed species will be added in the future. Diversity for microbes is substantially underestimated, and the deep-sea areas and portions of the southern and eastern region are still poorly known. In addition, the invasion of alien species is a crucial factor that will continue to change the biodiversity of the Mediterranean, mainly in its eastern basin that can spread rapidly northwards and westwards due to the warming of the Mediterranean Sea. Spatial patterns showed a general decrease in biodiversity from northwestern to southeastern regions following a gradient of production, with some exceptions and caution due to gaps in our knowledge of the biota along the southern and eastern rims. Biodiversity was also generally higher in coastal areas and continental shelves, and decreases with depth. Temporal trends indicated that overexploitation and habitat loss have been the main human drivers of historical changes in biodiversity. At present, habitat loss and degradation, followed by fishing impacts, pollution, climate change, eutrophication, and the establishment of alien species are the most important threats and affect the greatest number of taxonomic groups. All these impacts are expected to grow in importance in the future, especially climate change and habitat degradation. The spatial identification of hot spots highlighted the ecological importance of most of the western Mediterranean shelves (and in particular, the Strait of Gibraltar and the adjacent Alboran Sea), western African coast, the Adriatic, and the Aegean Sea, which show high concentrations of endangered, threatened, or vulnerable species. The Levantine Basin, severely impacted by the invasion of species, is endangered as well

Élémens d´histoire générale : première partie, histoire ancienne

Sign.: a\p8\s, b\p4\s, C-Z8/4, 2A-2H4/8, 2I-2K\p4\sAntepTexto con apostillas marxinai

Istorie universală, adecă de obşte, care cuprinde în sine întâmplările veacurilor vechi

[Istorie universală, adecă de obşte, care cuprinde în sine întâmplările veacurilor vechi] / [întocmită prin signior Milot] ; [de Ioan Molnar]. - [Iară acum întâia dată tălmăcită în limba românească]. - [Buda] : [în Crăiasca Tipografie a Universităţii Ungariei], [1800]. - XXXII, 436, IV p. : frontisp. ; 19,5 cm. Text în limba română cu caractere chirilice. - Exemplar incomplet: lipsă paginile I-IV. - Însemnări