38 research outputs found

    Digitale Fernprüfungsaufsichten wirksam gestalten : eine Einordnung

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    Der Buchbeitrag ist ein inhaltlicher Auszug aus der online verfügbaren Vollversion, veröffentlicht als: Rüegg, M., & Messenzehl-Kölbl, L. (2023). Automatisierte Fernprüfungsaufsichten strategisch und konzeptionell planen: ein Vademecum für Bildungseinrichtungen. LeLa - LernLabor Hochschuldidaktik für Digital Skills. https://doi.org/10.21256/zhaw-2461Während der Coronavirus Pandemie in den Jahren 2020/21 wurde an der Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW) punktuell eine automatisierte Fernprüfungsaufsicht eingesetzt. Basierend auf dieser Erfahrung berichten die Autoren über die strategische und konzeptionelle Planung von Fernprüfungsaufsichten. Die Autoren stellen die Grundformen digitaler Prüfungsaufsichten gegenüberund zeigen deren Vor- und Nachteile auf. Den Abschluss des Beitrags bilden Gelingensbedingungen für die Einführung von automatisierten Fernprüfungsaufsichte

    Automatisierte Fernprüfungsaufsichten strategisch und konzeptionell planen: ein Vademecum für Bildungseinrichtungen

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    Während der Coronavirus-Pandemie 2020/21 wurde an der Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW) punktuell eine automatisierte Fernprüfungsaufsicht zur Sicherstellung der akademischen Integrität eingesetzt. Basierend auf den dabei gemachten Erfahrungen berichten die Autoren über die strategische und konzeptionelle Planung von Fernprüfungsaufsichten. Sie stellen die Grund-formen von digitalen Prüfungsaufsichten gegenüber und zeigen deren Vor- und Nachteile auf. Im weiteren Verlauf wird insbesondere der Einsatz automatisierter Fernprüfungsaufsichten vertiefend besprochen. Praxisnahe Leitfragen, Übersichtstabellen und Checklisten helfen Entscheidungsträgern, die Nützlichkeit und Risiken von Fernprüfungsaufsichten für die eigene Bildungseinrichtung einzuschätzen und deren Einsatz strategisch und konzeptionell zu planen

    Small rock-slope failures conditioned by Holocene permafrost degradation:a new approach and conceptual model based on Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating, Jotunheimen, southern Norway

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    Rock-slope failures (RSFs) constitute significant natural hazards but the geophysical processes which control their timing are poorly understood. However, robust chronologies can provide valuable information on the environmental controls on RSF occurrence: information which can inform models of RSF activity in response to climatic forcing. This paper uses Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating (SHD) of boulder deposits to construct a detailed regional Holocene chronology of the frequency and magnitude of small rock-slope failures (SRSFs) in Jotunheimen, Norway. By focusing on the depositional fans of SRSFs (≤ 103 m3), rather than on the corresponding features of massive RSFs (~108 m3), 92 single-event RSFs are targeted for chronology building. A weighted SHD age-frequency distribution and probability density function analysis indicate four centennial- to millennial-scale periods of enhanced SRSF frequency, with a dominant mode at ~4.5 ka. Using change detection and discreet Meyer wavelet analysis, in combination with existing permafrost depth models, we propose that enhanced SRSF activity was primarily controlled by permafrost degradation. Long-term relative change in permafrost depth provides a compelling explanation for the high-magnitude departures from the SRSF background rate and accounts for (i1) the timing of peak SRSF frequency, (2ii) the significant lag (~2.2 ka) between the Holocene Thermal Maximum and the SRSF frequency peak, and (3iii) the marked decline in frequency in the late-Holocene. This interpretation is supported by geomorphological evidence, as the spatial distribution of SRSFs is strongly correlated with the aspect-dependent lower altitudinal limit of mountain permafrost in cliff faces. Results are indicative of a causal relationship between episodes of relatively warm climate, permafrost degradation and the transition to a seasonal-freezing climatic regime. This study highlights permafrost degradation as a conditioning factor for cliff collapse, and hence the importance of paraperiglacial processes; a result with implications for slope instability in glacial and periglacial environments under global warming scenarios

    Coupling Climate Conditions, Sediment Sources and Sediment Transport in an Alpine Basin

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    In a fluvial system, mountain basins control sediment export to the lowland rivers. Hence, analysis of erosion processes and sediment delivery patterns in mountain basins is a key factor for many applications such as land‐use management, hazard assessment and infrastructure design. Several studies have investigated the alterations triggered by recent climatic change on the hydrological regime, while only a few works have explored the consequences on fluvial sediment dynamics. Here, we combined and analyzed the quasi‐unique dataset of climatic conditions, landform response and sediment export produced, since 1986 in the Rio Cordon basin (5 km2, Eastern Italian Alps) to examine the sediment delivery processes occurring in the last 3 decades. The temperature, precipitation and fluvial sediment fluxes in the basin were analyzed using continuous measurement executed by a permanent monitoring station, while the evolution of sediment source areas was investigated using three sediment source inventories. The results showed that during the period 1986–1993 the sediment fluxes (339 Mg yr−1) reflected the stable trend of the climatic conditions. The period between the first and second source inventory (i.e. 1994–2006) was characterized by climatic fluctuations and by the occurrence of high magnitude floods. Nevertheless, a limited increase in the extent of sediment source areas was detected, suggesting that the increased sediment export (759 Mg yr−1) was mainly driven by in‐channel sediment supply. Notwithstanding the marked climate warming and the increased precipitation, a weak source area evolution and a reduction in sediment export (237 Mg yr−1) were observed during the period 2007–2015. In particular, the higher rainfall did not result in an intensification of flood events, stressing the absence of hillslope‐channel connectivity

    Master Thesis: Effects of Nudging Consumers to Choose Insurance Products

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    Project for my master thesis about digital nudging in insurance products. Written in cooperation with the chair of enterprise systems at the University of Mannheim. September 2019 - March 202

    Wie integrieren wir KI in die berufliche und akademische Schreibpraxis?

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    Generative Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) eröffnet mächtige Hilfsmittel für den Forschungs- und Schreibprozess. Der Umgang mit KI wird zukünftig ein Teil der Digital Literacy und somit für eine Karriere in Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft sehr bedeutend sein. Für die ZHAW ist wichtig, dass Studierende unter Einhaltung der wissenschaftlichen Integrität erfolgreich mit diesen Technologien studieren und arbeiten können

    Stress histories control rock-breakdown trajectories in arid environments

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    Rock and boulder surfaces are often exposed to weathering and/or rock-breakdown processes for extremely long time periods. This is especially true for arid environments on Earth and on planetary bodies such as Mars. One important, but largely unexplored, gap in knowledge is the influence of past stress histories on the operation of present rock-breakdown processes. Do rocks in the same area with different stress histories respond equally to newly imposed environmental conditions? This study investigates the influence of different physical and chemical stress histories on the response of basalt to salt weathering. We designed a four-stage approach of pre-treatment, field exposure, weathering simulation, and post-treatment: (1) physical, chemical, or no pre-treatment in the laboratory; (2) 3 yr exposure in either a hyper-arid sandy or salt-pan environment in the Namib desert (Namibia); (4) 60 cycles of a hot desert salt weathering simulation; and (4) desalination. Salt uptake and rock breakdown was assessed at each stage through comparison with baseline observations of mass, internal strength (Dynamic Young's modulus) and surface morphology (three-dimensional microscopy). Clear differences in block responses were found. Physically pre-treated blocks (especially those left in the salt-pan environment) experienced the highest loss of strength overall, chemically pre-treated blocks showed the greatest mass loss in the sandy environment, and freshly cut blocks gained strength during exposure in the desert and maintained this during the experiment. These results imply that stress history matters for predicting breakdown rates, with humid, arid, and saline legacies influencing subsequent breakdown in distinctive ways

    Stress histories control rock-breakdown trajectories in arid environments

    No full text
    Rock and boulder surfaces are often exposed to weathering and/or rock-breakdown processes for extremely long time periods. This is especially true for arid environments on Earth and on planetary bodies such as Mars. One important, but largely unexplored, gap in knowledge is the influence of past stress histories on the operation of present rock-breakdown processes. Do rocks in the same area with different stress histories respond equally to newly imposed environmental conditions? This study investigates the influence of different physical and chemical stress histories on the response of basalt to salt weathering. We designed a four-stage approach of pre-treatment, field exposure, weathering simulation, and post-treatment: (1) physical, chemical, or no pre-treatment in the laboratory; (2) 3 yr exposure in either a hyper-arid sandy or salt-pan environment in the Namib desert (Namibia); (4) 60 cycles of a hot desert salt weathering simulation; and (4) desalination. Salt uptake and rock breakdown was assessed at each stage through comparison with baseline observations of mass, internal strength (Dynamic Young's modulus) and surface morphology (three-dimensional microscopy). Clear differences in block responses were found. Physically pre-treated blocks (especially those left in the salt-pan environment) experienced the highest loss of strength overall, chemically pre-treated blocks showed the greatest mass loss in the sandy environment, and freshly cut blocks gained strength during exposure in the desert and maintained this during the experiment. These results imply that stress history matters for predicting breakdown rates, with humid, arid, and saline legacies influencing subsequent breakdown in distinctive ways

    Stress histories control rock-breakdown trajectories in arid environments

    No full text
    Rock and boulder surfaces are often exposed to weathering and/or rock-breakdown processes for extremely long time periods. This is especially true for arid environments on Earth and on planetary bodies such as Mars. One important, but largely unexplored, gap in knowledge is the influence of past stress histories on the operation of present rock-breakdown processes. Do rocks in the same area with different stress histories respond equally to newly imposed environmental conditions? This study investigates the influence of different physical and chemical stress histories on the response of basalt to salt weathering. We designed a four-stage approach of pre-treatment, field exposure, weathering simulation, and post-treatment: (1) physical, chemical, or no pre-treatment in the laboratory; (2) 3 yr exposure in either a hyper-arid sandy or salt-pan environment in the Namib desert (Namibia); (4) 60 cycles of a hot desert salt weathering simulation; and (4) desalination. Salt uptake and rock breakdown was assessed at each stage through comparison with baseline observations of mass, internal strength (Dynamic Young's modulus) and surface morphology (three-dimensional microscopy). Clear differences in block responses were found. Physically pre-treated blocks (especially those left in the salt-pan environment) experienced the highest loss of strength overall, chemically pre-treated blocks showed the greatest mass loss in the sandy environment, and freshly cut blocks gained strength during exposure in the desert and maintained this during the experiment. These results imply that stress history matters for predicting breakdown rates, with humid, arid, and saline legacies influencing subsequent breakdown in distinctive ways

    Burnout, coping and job satisfaction in service staff treating opioid addicts : from Athens to Zurich

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    The original article can be found at: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com Copyright John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/smi.1276 [Full text of this article is not available in the UHRA]The Treatment-systems Research on European Addiction Treatment study (TREAT-project) is a longitudinal multicenter study on predominantly opioid-dependent patients and their health-care system in six European cities. As part of the examination of the drug services, this study evaluates level of burnout, coping strategies, perceived self-efficacy and job satisfaction among health-care workers treating opioid addicts. Employees were recruited from organizations in Athens, London, Padua, Stockholm, Zurich and Essen. The Maslach burnout inventory, Brief COPE, general self-efficacy questionnaire and a job satisfaction scale were filled in by about 383 drug service workers. One-third of the staff suffer from severe burnout. London and Stockholm colleagues are significantly more burdened than Zurich personnel where job satisfaction is highest. No cross-national differences could be detected concerning coping styles or level of perceived self-efficacy. Burnout is positively correlated to passive coping strategies and negatively linked to self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Males experience more depersonalization. Organizational features such as the entry-threshold level of the institution or out- vs. inpatient setting are relevant for coping strategies and job satisfaction. These and other findings are discussed in relation to preliminary data from the TREAT-project on characteristics of opioid addicted patients and other specific features of the drug treatment system.Peer reviewe
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