Usporedba transvaginalnog ultrazvuka, magnetske rezonancije i metode smrznutih rezova u prijeoperacijskom otkrivanju zahvaćenosti miometrija u bolesnica s karcinomom endometrija

We aimed to evaluate the depth of myometrial invasion preoperatively with transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and frozen section examination techniques in patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer. Our study included 65 patients. Transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging were performed in study patients in the preoperative period. Frozen section examination was performed in all hysterectomy samples obtained from all study patients. Data were analyzed with SPSS Statistics 22.0 program. The sensitivity of transvaginal ultrasound in determining the depth of myometrial invasion was 88.64%, specificity 90.48%, positive predictive value 95.12%, and negative predictive value 79.17%. For magnetic resonance imaging, the sensitivity was 63.64%, specificity 95.24%, positive predictive value 96.55%, and negative predictive value 55.56%. In addition to the frozen section examination, which is the gold standard in determining the myometrial invasion depth, transvaginal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have become commonly used methods for this purpose in recent years. Ultrasound examination performed by an experienced specialist is superior to magnetic resonance imaging as it is fast, inexpensive, and associated with higher sensitivity.Cilj je bio prijeoperacijski procijeniti dubinu zahvaćenosti miometrija pomoću transvaginalnog ultrazvuka, magnetske rezonancije i metode smrznutih rezova u bolesnica s dijagnozom karcinoma endometrija. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 65 bolesnica. Transvaginalni ultrazvuk i magnetska rezonancija provedeni su kod ovih bolesnica u prijeoperacijskom razdoblju. Ispitivanje smrznutih rezova provedeno je na uzorcima prikupljenim tijekom histerektomije kod svih bolesnica uključenih u istraživanje. Dobiveni podatci analizirani su programom SPSS Statistics 22.0. Osjetljivost transvaginalnog ultrazvuka u određivanju dubine zahvaćenosti miometrija bila je 88,64%, specifičnost 90,48%, pozitivna prediktivna vrijednost 95,12% i negativna prediktivna vrijednost 79,17%. Za magnetsku rezonanciju osjetljivost je bila 63,64%, specifičnost 95,24%, pozitivna prediktivna vrijednost 96,55% i negativna prediktivna vrijednost 55,56%. Uz metodu smrznutih rezova, koja je zlatni standard u određivanju dubine invazije miometrija, posljednjih godina se transvaginalni ultrazvuk i magnetska rezonancija često primjenjuju za ovu namjenu. Ultrazvučna pretraga koju provodi iskusni specijalist bolja je od magnetske rezonancije, jer je brza, osjetljivija i nije skupa

Retrospektivna analiza graničnih tumora jajnika: ishodi u jednom centru

We wanted to discuss our experiences in the approach to borderline ovarian tumors, which constitute a group different from epithelial ovarian tumors with respect to their biological structure in line with retrospective information gathered from our cases. A total of 25 patients operated on for the indication of adnexal masses diagnosed as borderline ovarian tumors based on frozen section results were included in our study. Patient age, tumor diameter, tumor markers and surgeries performed were discussed in the light of the literature. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software. The patient mean age was 43.84±11.34 years. The mass was localized in the right (n=13), left (n=11) or both (n=1) adnexal regions. The mean tumor diameter was 12.9±5.84 cm. Histopathologic examination established the diagnosis of serous borderline (n=14 patients) and mucinous borderline (n=11) ovarian tumors. Although the results of our study are consistent with current literature data, a greater number of current studies should be performed on borderline ovarian tumors, which are defined as a class of tumors different from epithelial ovarian tumors.Želja nam je opisati naša iskustva u pristupu graničnim tumorima jajnika kao skupini tumora koji se razlikuju od epitelnih tumora jajnika prema biološkoj strukturi, sukladno retrospektivnim podacima prikupljenim iz naših slučajeva. U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 25 bolesnica operiranih pod indikacijom adneksnih tvorevina dijagnosticiranih kao granični tumori jajnika na osnovi rezultata dobivenih iz zamrznutih uzoraka. Prikazani su sljedeći podaci bolesnica: dob, promjer tumora, tumorski biljezi i izvedeni operativni zahvati, u odnosu na literaturne podatke. Statistička analiza je provedena primjenom programa SPSS. Srednja dob bolesnica bila je 43,84±11,34 godine. Tumorska masa bila je smještena u desnoj (n=13) ili lijevoj (n=11) adneksnoj regiji, a kod jedne bolesnice u objema adneksnim regijama. Srednji promjer tumora bio je 12,9±5,84 cm. Histopatološkom analizom postavljena je dijagnoza seroznog graničnog (n=14) i mucinoznog graničnog (n=11) tumora jajnika. Iako su rezultati ovoga istraživanja sukladni literaturnim podacima, potrebno je provesti veći broj studija graničnih tumora jajnika, koji se definiraju kao vrsta tumora različita od epitelnih tumora jajnika

The Impacts of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on the Functional Properties of Fermented Foods: A Review of Current Knowledge

One of the most varied species of lactic acid bacteria is Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Lb. plantarum), formerly known as Lactobacillus plantarum. It is one of the most common species of bacteria found in foods, probiotics, dairy products, and beverages. Studies related to genomic mapping and gene locations of Lb. plantarum have shown the novel findings of its new strains along with their non-pathogenic or non-antibiotic resistance genes. Safe strains obtained with new technologies are a pioneer in the development of new probiotics and starter cultures for the food industry. However, the safety of Lb. plantarum strains and their bacteriocins should also be confirmed with in vivo studies before being employed as food additives. Many of the Lb. plantarum strains and their bacteriocins are generally safe in terms of antibiotic resistance genes. Thus, they provide a great opportunity for improving the nutritional composition, shelf life, antioxidant activity, flavour properties and antimicrobial activities in the food industry. Moreover, since some Lb. plantarum strains have the ability to reduce undesirable compounds such as aflatoxins, they have potential use in maintaining food safety and preventing food spoilage. This review emphasizes the impacts of Lb. plantarum strains on fermented foods, along with novel approaches to their genomic mapping and safety aspects

Ovarian damage from chemotherapy and current approaches to its protection

BACKGROUND: Anti-cancer therapy is often a cause of premature ovarian insufficiency and infertility since the ovarian follicle reserve is extremely sensitive to the effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. While oocyte, embryo and ovarian cortex cryopreservation can help some women with cancer-induced infertility achieve pregnancy, the development of effective methods to protect ovarian function during chemotherapy would be a significant advantage.OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE: This paper critically discusses the different damaging effects of the most common chemotherapeutic compounds on the ovary, in particular, the ovarian follicles and the molecular pathways that lead to that damage. The mechanisms through which fertility-protective agents might prevent chemotherapy drug-induced follicle loss are then reviewed.SEARCH METHODS: Articles published in English were searched on PubMed up to March 2019 using the following terms: ovary, fertility preservation, chemotherapy, follicle death, adjuvant therapy, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, doxorubicin. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to the analysis of the protective agents.OUTCOMES: Recent studies reveal how chemotherapeutic drugs can affect the different cellular components of the ovary, causing rapid depletion of the ovarian follicular reserve. The three most commonly used drugs, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin and doxorubicin, cause premature ovarian insufficiency by inducing death and/or accelerated activation of primordial follicles and increased atresia of growing follicles. They also cause an increase in damage to blood vessels and the stromal compartment and increment inflammation. In the past 20 years, many compounds have been investigated as potential protective agents to counteract these adverse effects. The interactions of recently described fertility-protective agents with these damage pathways are discussed.WIDER IMPLICATIONS: Understanding the mechanisms underlying the action of chemotherapy compounds on the various components of the ovary is essential for the development of efficient and targeted pharmacological therapies that could protect and prolong female fertility. While there are increasing preclinical investigations of potential fertility preserving adjuvants, there remains a lack of approaches that are being developed and tested clinically

Kronik Böbrek Hastalığı Oluşturulan Ratlarda Prebiyotik Tüketiminin Bağırsak Kaynaklı Üremik Toksinler ve Hastalığın Progresyonuna Etkisi

This study aimed to investigate the effect of prebiotic consumption on gut derived uremic toxin levels, inflammatory and antioxidant parameters, renal damage, intestinal permeability and disease progression in rats with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given adenine (200 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 3-weeks to induce CKD. CKD rats were randomized to the prebiotic supplemented group (HP; n=9) (5g/kg/day) and non-supplemented group (HN; n=8). Also, healthy rats were randomized to the prebiotic-supplemented group (SP; n=8) (inulin, 5g/kg/day) and non-supplemented group (SN; n=8). At the end of the dietary intervention (4-weeks), all rats were euthanized and kidneys and colon were removed for histological evaluation. Serum uremic toxins- p-cresol sulphate (PCS) and indoxyl sulphate (IS), inflammation (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) and renal function markers (urea and creatinine) levels were evaluated. Kidney tissues were evaluated histopathologically and antioxidant markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)). Also, expression level of tight-junction protein (claudin-1, occludin) were analysed in colon tissues and evaluated the intestinal barrier damage. At the end of this study, serum urea (HN: 127,4 ± 45,77; HP: 71,7 ± 17,73 mg/dl; p0,05). When the histopathological changes in renal tissues were examined semi-quantitatively, it is found that the crystal accumulation, tubular and glomerular damage, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, glomerular inflammation, and total renal injury scores were less severe in the CKD group consuming prebiotic (p0,05). Significantly increased expression of the claudin-1 was observed in the descending and ascending colon tissue in both healthy and CKD groups (p>0,05). In conclusion, it is found that prebiotic supplementation for 4-weeks appeared to be associated with a reduction of serum urea, PCS, and IL-6 levels, ameliorated oxidative stress in kidney tissue, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities in renal tissues and intestinal barrier function, and retarded CKD progression in CKD rats. Prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation may be an alternative dietary approach for reducing gut-derived uremic toxin formation, inflammation and intestinal barrier damage and controlling disease progression in CKD. Keywords: prebiotic, chronic kidney disease, uremic toxin, inflammation, intestinal barrier function. This study is supported by TÜBİTAK (Project Number: 217S980).Bu çalışmada kronik böbrek hastalığı (KBH) oluşturulmuş sıçanlarda prebiyotik tüketiminin bağırsak kaynaklı üremik toksin düzeylerine, inflamatuar ve antioksidan göstergelere, renal hasar, bağırsak geçirgenliği ve hastalık progresyonu üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada erkek Spraque-Dawley sıçanlara oral gavajla 3 hafta boyunca adenin (200 mg/kg/gün) verilerek KBH oluşturulmuştur. Sıçanlar randomize iki gruba ayrılarak bir gruba (HP; n=9) prebiyotik kaynağı olarak oligofruktozla zenginleştirilmiş inülin (5g/kg/gün) ilave edilirken diğer gruba (HN; n=8) prebiyotik ilavesi yapılmamıştır. Ayrıca sağlıklı sıçanlardan da iki grup oluşturularak bir gruba (SP; n=8) prebiyotik (inülin, 5g/kg/gün) ilave edilirken diğer gruba (SN; n=8) prebiyotik ilavesi yapılmamıştır. Diyet müdahalesinin (4 hafta) sonunda tüm sıçanlar ötenazi edilerek böbrek ve kolon histolojik analizler için çıkarılmıştır. Serum örneklerinde; üremik toksinlerden p-cresol sülfat (PCS) ve indoksil sülfat (IS) düzeyleri, inflamasyon (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) ve böbrek fonksiyon göstergeleri (üre, kreatinin) düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Böbrek hasarı histopatolojik yönden incelenmiş, ayrıca böbrek dokularında antioksidan parametrelerden süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx) ölçümü yapılmıştır. Ayrıca kolonda sıkı bağlantı proteinleri (claudin-1 ve occludin) analiz edilerek intestinal bariyer hasar incelenmiştir. Deney sonunda hasta grupta 4 haftalık prebiyotik tüketimi üre (HN: 127,4 ± 45,77; HP: 71,7 ± 7,73 mg/dl; p0,05). Hasta sıçanlara ait böbrek dokularında oluşan histopatolojik değişikliklerin semikantitatif incelemesinde; prebiyotik verilen grupta kristal birikimi, tübüler ve glomerüler hasar, tübülointerstisyel fibrozis ve glomerüler inflamasyon şiddeti ve toplam hasar skoru daha az bulunmuştur (p0,05). Sağlıklı ve hasta sıçanlarda prebiyotik müdahalesi sonucunda inen ve çıkan kolon dokularında claudin-1 protein seviyelerinde anlamlı artış gözlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, KBH’lı sıçanlarda dört haftalık prebiyotik desteğinin serum üre, PCS ve IL-6 düzeylerinde azalma sağladığı, böbrek dokularında antioksidan enzim aktivitesini ve intestinal bariyer fonksiyonu artırdığı ve hastalık progresyonunu yavaşlattığı bulunmuştur. KBH’da bağırsak kaynaklı üremik toksin üretiminin, inflamasyon ve intestinal bariyer hasarın azaltılmasında ve hastalığın progresyonunun kontrol edilmesinde prebiyotik olarak oligofruktozla zenginleştirilmiş inülin desteği alternatif bir diyet yaklaşımı olabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: prebiyotik, kronik böbrek hastalığı, üremik toksin, inflamasyon, intestinal bariyer fonksiyon. Bu çalışma TÜBİTAK tarafından desteklenmiştir (Proje Numarası: 217S980)

A family of M-surfaces whose automorphism groups act transitively on the mirrors

Let X be a compact Riemmann surface of genus g > 1. A symmetry T of X is an anticonformal involution. The fixed point set of T is a disjoint union of simple closed curves, each of which is called a mirror of T. If T fixes g +1 mirrors then it is called an M-symmetry and X is called an M-surface. If X admits an automorphism of order g + 1 which cyclically permutes the mirrors of T then we shall call X an M-surface with the M-property. In this paper we investigate those M-surfaces with the M-property and their automorphism groups

Symmetries of Riemann surfaces and regular maps

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Immunocytolocalisations of cytokeratin 7 and 8 in primary and metastatic lung adenocarcinomas

31st Congress of the Federation-of-European-Biochemical-Societies (FEBS) -- JUN 24-29, 2006 -- Istanbul, TURKEYWOS: 000238914002396…Federat European Biochem So