Revisão acerca da tuberculose genitourinária com foco na insuficiência renal crônica terminal

Tuberculosis (TB) is a current public health problem, remaining the most common worldwide cause of mortality from infectious disease. Recent studies indicate that genitourinary TB is the third most common form of extra-pulmonary disease. The diagnosis of renal TB can be hypothesized in a non-specific bacterial cystitis associated with a therapeutic failure or a urinalysis with a persistent leukocyturia in the absence of bacteriuria. We report on the case of a 33-year-old man who presented on admission end stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to renal TB and a past history of pulmonary TB with important radiologic findings. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings despite all cultures being negative. Empiric treatment with tuberculostatic drugs was started and the patient became stable. He was discharged with no symptom, but without renal function recovery. He is on maintenance hemodialysis three times a week. TB is an important cause of kidney disease and can lead to irreversible renal function loss.A tuberculose (TB) é um problema atual de saúde pública, persistindo como a causa mais comum de óbito por doenças infecciosas. Estudos recentes indicam que a TB genitourinária é a terceira forma mais comum de doença extra-pulmonar. O diagnóstico da TB renal pode ser suspeito na presença de cistite bacteriana não-específica associada a falha terapêutica ou com exame de urina apresentando leucocitúria persistente na ausência de bacteriúria. Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 33 anos, sexo masculino, que apresentou na admissão insuficiência renal crônica terminal secundária à TB renal, que tinha história prévia de TB pulmonar, com importantes achados radiológicos. O diagnóstico foi baseado nos achados clínicos apesar de todas as culturas terem sido negativas. Tratamento empírico com drogas tuberculostáticas foi iniciado e o paciente evoluiu estável. Foi de alta assintomático, mas sem recuperação da função renal. Ele encontra-se em hemodiálise três vezes por semana. A TB é uma causa importante de doença renal e pode levar à perda irreversível da função renal

MANUEL À L’USAGE DES OBSERVATEURS SCIENTIFIQUES À BORD DES CHALUTIERS PÉLAGIQUES DANS LES EAUX D’AFRIQUE OCCIDENTALE

Ce manuel a été développé dans le cadre du projet Study on improvement for the analysis and exploitation of observer reports in EU fisheries from NW African waters, Specific Contract No 12 du Framework Contract EASME/EMFF/2016/008, et consolidé par tous les institutions impliquées lors de l’« Atelier sur la normalisation des méthodes d’observateurs au bord » qui s’est tenu à Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Espagne) entre le 27 et le 31 janvier 2020

Are we ready to track climate-driven shifts in marine species across international boundaries? - A global survey of scientific bottom trawl data

Marine biota are redistributing at a rapid pace in response to climate change and shifting seascapes. While changes in fish populations and community structure threaten the sustainability of fisheries, our capacity to adapt by tracking and projecting marine species remains a challenge due to data discontinuities in biological observations, lack of data availability, and mismatch between data and real species distributions. To assess the extent of this challenge, we review the global status and accessibility of ongoing scientific bottom trawl surveys. In total, we gathered metadata for 283,925 samples from 95 surveys conducted regularly from 2001 to 2019. We identified that 59% of the metadata collected are not publicly available, highlighting that the availability of data is the most important challenge to assess species redistributions under global climate change. Given that the primary purpose of surveys is to provide independent data to inform stock assessment of commercially important populations, we further highlight that single surveys do not cover the full range of the main commercial demersal fish species. An average of 18 surveys is needed to cover at least 50% of species ranges, demonstrating the importance of combining multiple surveys to evaluate species range shifts. We assess the potential for combining surveys to track transboundary species redistributions and show that differences in sampling schemes and inconsistency in sampling can be overcome with spatio-temporal modeling to follow species density redistributions. In light of our global assessment, we establish a framework for improving the management and conservation of transboundary and migrating marine demersal species. We provide directions to improve data availability and encourage countries to share survey data, to assess species vulnerabilities, and to support management adaptation in a time of climate-driven ocean changes.En prensa6,86

On the changes of species composition of tuna catches in the Senegal-Mauritania area

Le document présente les principaux résultats de la recherche sur le commerce et l'utilisation des prises accessoires retenues et débarquées à Abidjan par les senneurs dans l'Atlantique Est. D'après cette recherche, les prises accessoires retenues contribuent grandement à la sécurité alimentaire et elles revêtent une grande importance sociale et économique pour la population locale. Une partie des poissons débarqués à Abidjan par les senneurs a été acheminée vers d'autres villes de Côte d'Ivoire et également vers d'autres pays, comme le Burkina Faso et le Mali. Les thonidés demeurant à Abidjan ont été majoritairement (95%) utilisés par les industries du garba (garbadromes). Ces garbadromes ont créé entre six et neuf mille postes de travail et sont accessibles à pratiquement toute la population, notamment les jeunes. Toutefois, la durabilité de ce commerce ne peut pas être effective sans une politique de rétention appropriée que l'ICCAT devrait adopter en ce qui concerne les thonidés tropicaux de l'océan Atlantique

Assessing stocks in data-poor African fisheries: a case study on the white grouper Epinephelus aeneus of Mauritania

The lack of reliable stock assessment for numerous exploited stocks in West Africa often results from poor-quality data, high multi-specificity of captures, and the heterogeneity of exploitation methods. However, many signs of overexploitation exist, particularly for demersal resources, highlighting the urgent need for a more quantitative and comprehensive evaluation of these resources. This study aims to show how, in such a context of poor-quality data and high uncertainty, a multi-method approach for stock assessment can generate a consistent diagnosis of the condition of a resource. As a case study, several methods were combined to assess the stock status of the white grouper Epinephelus aeneus, a flagship species in West Africa that is exploited by industrial and small-scale fisheries in Mauritania. These were estimation of abundance indices using delta generalised linear models; a biomass production model using a pseudo-equilibrium method and including an environmental effect of upwelling intensity; a dynamic biomass production model fitted in a Bayesian framework also including an environmental effect; and an age-structured model based on a modified pseudo-cohort analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed for most of these assessment methods. Results show that the white grouper stock is highly overexploited due to an excess in the fishing effort estimated at between 30% and 50%, depending on the model used to estimate the effort at maximum sustainable yield.Keywords: age-structured model, Bayesian approaches, diagnosis, production model, stock assessmentAfrican Journal of Marine Science 2013, 35(2): 253–26

Decline of demersal resources in North-West Africa: an analysis of Mauritanian trawl-survey data over the past 25 years

Mauritania is characterised by fast-growing fisheries that have developed over the past decades. Since 1982, scientific trawl surveys have been conducted regularly, allowing assessment of the impact of this increasing fishing pressure on exploited species as well as on demersal communities. Based on 55 bottom trawl surveys and using linear model techniques, the annual abundances were estimated for a selection of 24 fish stocks and for the whole demersal biomass. Changes in the demersal community structure were also investigated, using Biomass Trophic Spectra representations. It is shown that the demersal biomass has been reduced by 75% on the Mauritanian continental shelf over the past 25 years, corresponding to a biomass loss of around 20 000t per year. Top predators abundance has been reduced by 8–10-fold and in some case up to 20-fold. The trophic structure has been significantly modified and the mean trophic level of the catchable biomass decreased from >3.7 t

Rapport de la rencontre IMROP/CRODT/IEO pour la validation des statistiques de merlus noirs dans la zone COPACE

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