Protective effects of silymarin on methotrexate-induced damages in rat testes

The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of silymarin (SMN), an antioxidant, on methotrexate (MTX)-induced damage in rat testes. Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): control, MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p. on days 1 and 5), SMN (200 mg/kg, orally), and MTX + SMN (20 mg/kg, i.p. on days 1 and 5 and SMN 200 mg/kg orally) groups. At the end of the 6-week trial period, histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and spermatological analyses were performed on testes tissues. Histopathologically, MTX-induced damage, including depletion of germ cell and loos of spermatozoa, was significantly improved with SMN treatment. Immunohistochemically, the immunoreactivity of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) and manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were detected more intensely in the MTX + SMN group than in the MTX group. Biochemical examinations revealed that SMN supplementation decreased the lipid peroxidation and increased enzymatic antioxidants in the SMN-treated rats. Spermatologically, significant differences were found in the density, motility, dead-to-live sperm ratio, and abnormal sperm rate in the MTX + SMN group compared to the MTX group. In conclusion, SMN seems to have protective effects as an antioxidant against MTX-induced damage in rat testes

Protective effects of silymarin on methotrexate-induced damages in rat testes

The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of silymarin (SMN), an antioxidant, on methotrexate (MTX)-induced damage in rat testes. Thirty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): control, MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p. on days 1 and 5), SMN (200 mg/kg, orally), and MTX + SMN (20 mg/kg, i.p. on days 1 and 5 and SMN 200 mg/kg orally) groups. At the end of the 6-week trial period, histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and spermatological analyses were performed on testes tissues. Histopathologically, MTX-induced damage, including depletion of germ cell and loos of spermatozoa, was significantly improved with SMN treatment. Immunohistochemically, the immunoreactivity of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) and manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were detected more intensely in the MTX + SMN group than in the MTX group. Biochemical examinations revealed that SMN supplementation decreased the lipid peroxidation and increased enzymatic antioxidants in the SMN-treated rats. Spermatologically, significant differences were found in the density, motility, dead-to-live sperm ratio, and abnormal sperm rate in the MTX + SMN group compared to the MTX group. In conclusion, SMN seems to have protective effects as an antioxidant against MTX-induced damage in rat testes

Epidemiology of pemphigus in Turkey: One-year prospective study of 220 cases

Pemphigus is a group of rare and life-threatening autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Although they occur worldwide, their incidence shows wide geographical variation, and prospective data on the epidemiology of pemphigus are very limited. Objective of this work is to evaluate the incidence and epidemiological and clinical features of patients with pemphigus in Turkey. All patients newly diagnosed with pemphigus between June 2013 and June 2014 were prospectively enrolled in 33 dermatology departments in 20 different provinces from all seven regions of Turkey. Disease parameters including demography and clinical findings were recorded. A total of 220 patients were diagnosed with pemphigus during the 1-year period, with an annual incidence of 4.7 per million people in Turkey. Patients were predominantly women, with a male to female ratio of 1:1.41. The mean age at onset was 48.9 years. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) was the commonest clinical subtype (n=192; 87.3%), followed by pemphigus foliaceus (n=21; 9.6%). The most common clinical subtype of PV was the mucocutaneous type (n=83; 43.2%). The mean Pemphigus Disease Area Index was 28.14±22.21 (mean ± Standard Deviation).  The incidence rate of pemphigus in Turkey is similar to the countries of South-East Europe, higher than those reported for the Central and Northern European countries and lower than the countries around the Mediterranean Sea and Iran. Pemphigus is more frequent in middle-aged people and is more common in women. The most frequent subtype was PV, with a 9-fold higher incidence than pemphigus foliaceus.   </p

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Тренування з акцентованим ексцентричним навантаженням: традиційний набір проти кластерного набору

wwwПередумови та мета дослідження. Це дослідження спрямоване на порівняльний аналіз ефектів застосування кластерного набору (CS) і традиційного набору (TS) на вихід сили та потужності під час тренування з акцентованим ексцентричним навантаженням (AEL).Матеріал і методи. У дослідженні взяли участь 32 футболісти-любителі чоловічої статі з як мінімум 2-річним стажем силових тренувань (X̄вік: 18,78 ± 0,83 року, X̄зріст: 166,73± 8,61 см., X̄вага тіла: 69,59 ± 6,03 кг.). Учасники були випадковим чином розділені на дві групи: CS (n=16) і TS (n=16). В обох групах було застосовано одне й те саме «Тренування AEL» і використано різні моделі набору. Тренування AEL проводилося з 3 підходами по 8 повторень, 50% концентричним і 80% ексцентричним з 1 повторення максимум (1-RM) і з швидким Підходи завершувалися з 20-секундним відпочинком після кожних двох повторень у групі AEL-CS і без відпочинку між повтореннями в групі AEL-TS, а тренування проводилися двічі на тиждень протягом 4 тижнів. (CMJ), тест на індекс реактивної сили при падінні з висоти 50 см (DJ-RSI), тест на силу 1-RM, спринтерський тест на 10-20-30 м і Іллінойський тест на спритність (IAT) проводили на спортсменах до та після тренування.Результати. При аналізі даних, отриманих у цьому дослідженні, для визначення однорідності перевірялися значення асиметрії та ексцесу, а також значення Колмогорова-Смирнова. Щоб порівняти середні значення до і після тесту між групами, ANOVA використовувався для повторних вимірювань, а тест Sample T використовувався для порівняння середніх значень до і після тесту в групах. Рівень статистичної значущості визначали як p&lt;0,05. Коли порівнювали групи, перевіряли різницю в середніх показниках покращення. Наприкінці чотиритижневого дослідження значення індексу реактивної сили падіння під стрибком (DJ-RSI), стрибка проти руху (CMJ), Іллінойського тесту на спритність (IAT) спринту на 10-20-30 м і значення 1-RM були покращені у відсотках. як в групах AEL-CS, так і в AEL-TS. Між групами спостерігалася значна різниця між результатами DJ-RSI, CMJ і 10-20-m Sprint Test (p&lt;0,05). Коли ми порівнюємо результати в групах, можна зробити висновок, що група AEL-CS продемонструвала більше покращень щодо сили, навичок зміни напрямку (COD) і спринту порівняно з групою AEL-TS.Висновки. На завершення можна порадити використовувати кластерний набір у тренуванні з акцентованим ексцентричним навантаженням, щоб покращити силу, навички спринту та COD

The seroprevalance of hepatitis E, hepatitis G and TTV in haemodialysis patients

Amaç: Hemodiyaliz hastaları kan, kan ürünleri, perkütan yaralanma veya fekal-oral yolla bulaşabilen hepatit virüsleri açısından risk grubunda yer alır. Bu çalışmada, hemodiyaliz hastalarında Hepatit E, Hepatit G ve TTV seropozitifliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 66 hemodiyaliz hastası (30 kadın, 36 erkek) ve 66 kontrol (43 kadın, 23 erkek) olmak üzere toplam 132 kişi dahil edildi. Çalışmada anti-HEV, anti HGV ve anti-TTV IgG düzeyleri ELISA yöntemi ile çalışıldı. İstatistiksel analizler SPSS programı ile yapıldı. Elde edilen sonuçların istatistiksel değerlendirilmesinde Students t testi, Fischer exact testi ve Mann Whitney-U testleri kullanıldı. P 0.05 değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 66 hasta ve 66 sağlıklı kontrol grubunun yaş ortalaması sırasıyla; 54,9 ve 47,2 idi. Hasta ve kontrol grubunun yaş ortalaması karşılaştırıldığında hasta grubunun yaş ortalaması daha yüksekti. Anti-TTV IgG ve anti-HEV IgG pozitifliği hemodiyaliz hastalarında kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek bulundu. Hasta ve kontrol grubunda anti-HGV IgG pozitifliği tespit edilmedi. Hemodiyaliz hasta grubunda anti-TTV IgG ve anti-HEV IgG pozitifliği ile hemodiyaliz süresi, yaş ve cinsiyet arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı. Sonuç: Hemodiyaliz hastaları, TTV, hepatit E virüsü ve diğer hepatit virüslerinin bulaşı açısından yüksek risk taşırlar. Bu nedenle, hemodiyaliz ünitelerde temizlik ve dezenfeksiyon kurallarına uyulması HEV ve TTV gibi hepatit virüslerinin bulaşını önlemek için gereklidir.Aim: Patients with hemodialysis are in the risk group for hepatitis viruses which can be transmitted by blood or blood product, needle-stick injury or fecal-oral route. The present study was aimed to determine the seropositivity of Hepatitis E, Hepatitis G and TTV, in hemodialysis patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 132 people, consisting 66 hemodialysis patients (30 female, 36 male) and 66 controls (43 female, 23 male), was included in the study. Anti-HEV, anti-HGV and anti-TTV IgG levels were measured by ELISA method. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software. The results of the statistical evaluation Students t test, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney tests were used. The value of P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The age average of the 66 patients and healhty subjects in the study was 54.9 and 47.2 years, respectively. When the age average of patient group and control group were compared, the average age of the patient group was higher than the control group. Anti-TTV-IgG and anti-HEV IgG positivities were higher in hemodialysis patients than in the control group. Anti-HGV-IgG positivity was not noted in patients and the control group. There was no statistically significant relationship between anti-TTV IgG and anti-HEV IgG positivities and the duration of hemodialysis, age and gender.Conclusion: Hemodialysis patients are at a high risk of transmission of TTV, hepatitis E virus and other hepatitis viruses. Therefore, complying with the rules of cleaning and disinfection in hemodialysis units are necesseary for prevent transmission of hepatitis viruses, such as HEV, and TTV

Berthelot et l'alchimie : Robert Halleux, Marcellin Berthelot, historien de l'alchimie, Comptes rendus, 104e Congrès not. Soc. savantes, Bordeaux, 1979

Julien Pierre. Berthelot et l'alchimie : Robert Halleux, Marcellin Berthelot, historien de l'alchimie, Comptes rendus, 104e Congrès not. Soc. savantes, Bordeaux, 1979. In: Revue d'histoire de la pharmacie, 69ᵉ année, n°250, 1981. p. 210

Circulating miRNAs as potential molecular biomarker of early pregnancy in ewes

22nd Annual Conference of the European-Society-for-Domestic-Animal-Reproduction (ESDAR) -- SEP 27-29, 2018 -- Cordoba, SPAINWOS: 000445201100232European Soc Domest Anim ReprodTUBITAK [214O643]Supported by TUBITAK 214O643

Expression profiles of critical miRNAs in ovine endometrium during the peri-implantation

22nd Annual Conference of the European-Society-for-Domestic-Animal-Reproduction (ESDAR) -- SEP 27-29, 2018 -- Cordoba, SPAINWOS: 000445201100162European Soc Domest Anim ReprodTUBITAK [214O643]Supported by TUBITAK 214O643