Four Mile Creek bottomland restoration program. Final report

On the Savannah River Site (SRS), nuclear production reactors were cooled by a once-through cooling cycle, using water from the Savannah River and discharging the effluent to small tributaries of the Savannah River. Four Mile Creek (also known as Fourmile Branch) is a third order tributary of the Savannah River on the upper coastal plain of South Carolina. It received thermal effluent from C Reactor from 1955 to 1985, which increased the flow rate, water depth and water temperature. Prior to 1955, the base flow was approximately one cubic meter per second, but increased, with the reactor effluent, to approximately 11 cubic meters per second, raising the water depth in the channel by 15 to 30 cm. Effluent temperature at the outfall was approximately 60 C and at the delta was 40 to 45 C, depending on the operation level of the reactor, the season of the year and the specific meteorological conditions. The increased flow rate also increased erosion in the upper reaches of the stream with deposition of this eroded material occurring in the delta averaging 60 cm of newly deposited sand on top of the former substrate

Breast feeding in Australia: A comparative study of Aboriginal and non Aboriginal women

The superiority of breast feeding over bottle feeding is universally acknowledged, and its crucial contribution to infant health is accepted by health authorities. Australia in recognition of the importance of breast feeding to infant health, aims to increase the prevalence of breast feeding. Breast feeding provides benefits for all children, however the health advantage that is gained by breast feeding in comparison to artificial feeding is more apparent among disadvantaged groups. Aboriginal Australians are identified as one such disadvantaged group. This study compares the available literature regarding the prevalence of breast feeding in Aboriginal and non Aboriginal women. It is apparent that breast feeding prevalence differs, between population groups within Australia. Aboriginal children are less likely to have been breast fed than non Aboriginal children. The comparison, indicates that there are deficiencies in the research regarding breast feeding prevalence in both population groups. Many factors affect a woman's decision to breast feed, and the duration of her breast feeding. These factors include, socioeconomic status, age, marital status, educational attainment, occupation and smoking status. These factors are clearly associated with breast feeding in non Aboriginal women. For Aboriginal women, the factors influencing breast feeding are more complex. It is recommended therefore, that it is essential for future research to examine the attitudinal and socialdeterminants of infant feeding practices in Aboriginal women. This is necessary, if educational or interventional strategies are to be effective for this population

Open data from the third observing run of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO

The global network of gravitational-wave observatories now includes five detectors, namely LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO 600. These detectors collected data during their third observing run, O3, composed of three phases: O3a starting in 2019 April and lasting six months, O3b starting in 2019 November and lasting five months, and O3GK starting in 2020 April and lasting two weeks. In this paper we describe these data and various other science products that can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center at https://gwosc.org. The main data set, consisting of the gravitational-wave strain time series that contains the astrophysical signals, is released together with supporting data useful for their analysis and documentation, tutorials, as well as analysis software packages

Overview of CBT Spectrum Approaches

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychosocial treatment with strong scientific evidence supporting its use with youth for a variety of emotional and behavioral problems. This chapter provides a broad overview of CBT with youth divided into three sctions. In the first section, the behavioral and cognitive theories that underlie the CBT approach are described. We also discuss how the two theories have been integrated into theories used to guide CBT. In the second section, a description of specific techniques commonly found in CBT is provided along with a review of the typical modalities employed to deliver CBT. Finally, the third section focuses on the delivery of CBT

Field study to determine plutonium contents of wheat and soil in a warm humid area

A field study was initiated in the fall of 1974 at the United States Energy Research and Development Administration's Savannah River Plant near Aiken, South Carolina, to determine the spatial and temporal variation of plutonium in soil-plant systems, with wheat as the crop of interest. The study was conducted on a field adjacent to a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant. Soil in this field was lightly contaminated with plutonium originating from atmospheric releases by the reprocessing plant during its 20 years of operation and from global fallout. The plant releases provided a true industrial source of plutonium for study purposes. (auth

Overview of CBT Spectrum Approaches

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychosocial treatment with strong scientific evidence supporting its use with youth for a variety of emotional and behavioral problems. This chapter provides a broad overview of CBT with youth divided into three sctions. In the first section, the behavioral and cognitive theories that underlie the CBT approach are described. We also discuss how the two theories have been integrated into theories used to guide CBT. In the second section, a description of specific techniques commonly found in CBT is provided along with a review of the typical modalities employed to deliver CBT. Finally, the third section focuses on the delivery of CBT