140 research outputs found

    Syntagme fonctionnel en isángu, langue bantu (B42) parlĂ©e en RĂ©publique du Gabon

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    RĂ©sumĂ© : Ce travail se propose d’analyser, sur la base du fonctionnalisme martinĂ©tien, la structure et le fonctionnement du syntagme fonctionnel en isangu. Le syntagme fonctionnel est constituĂ©, gĂ©nĂ©ralement, de deux Ă©lĂ©ments que sont un nominal ou son substitut et un fonctionnel monomonĂ©matique ou polymonĂ©matique. Le fonctionnel est toujours antĂ©posĂ© au nominal ou Ă  son substitut. Le syntagme fonctionnel fait partie de l’expansion dans un Ă©noncĂ©. Mots clĂ©s : syntagme, syntagme fonctionnel, fonctionnel, isangu

    Évaluation de la santĂ© financiĂšre d'une municipalitĂ© via une approche statistique multivariĂ©e

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    Cette recherche avait pour objectif de proposer un modÚle de reddition de comptes pour les gouvernements locaux dans lequel les biais causés par la redondance informationnelle et ceux causés par la volatilité des données financiÚres seront à tout le moins réduits. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons utilisé deux techniques statistiques multivariées : L'Analyse en Composantes Principales (ACP) et l'Analyse Canonique (AC). Nous avons appliqué ces deux techniques sur la structure et les ratios du modÚle de reddition des comptes des administrations locales québécoises développé par BEAUREGARD (2004). L'utilisation de ces outils empiriques nous a permis d'apprendre deux choses importantes : (1) Pour réduire les biais causés par la redondance informationnelle dans un modÚle d'évaluation, il est nécessaire de construire une table de décisions; une matrice de corrélations entre les différents ratios, qui doit guider l'analyste dans son choix des indicateurs financiers. (2) Pour tenir compte de la volatilité des données financiÚres, il est important d'accorder à chaque ratio le score qu'il mérite c'est-à-dire une cote correspondant à sa contribution réelle dans l'évaluation de la situation financiÚre d'une municipalité

    Einsatz von Nickel-Katalysatoren zum Cracken von Teerprodukten aus der Niederdruckaufkohlung von Stahl mit Ethin

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    Die Niederdruckaufkohlung von Stahl ist ein modernes Verfahren, das zur EinsatzhĂ€rtung von Stahlbauteilen dient. Bei Temperaturen zwischen 900 und 1050 °C und DrĂŒcken unter 50 mbar werden Bauteile durch heterogene Pyrolyse von Ethin in einem Ofen einsatzgehĂ€rtet. Das wĂ€hrend der Pyrolyse erzeugte Abgas enthĂ€lt aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe und kann katalytisch behandelt werden. Der Katalysator wird durch Rußablagerung desaktiviert und muss zyklisch durch Verbrennung mit Luft regeneriert werden

    Les facteurs anthropiques de la dĂ©gradation des mangroves d’AngondjĂ©, Okala et Mikolongo au nord du Grand Libreville

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    Dans la partie Nord du Grand Libreville, les quartiers AngondjĂ©, Okala et Mikolongo connaissent une croissance dĂ©mographique accompagnĂ©e d’une extension urbaine soutenue, et ayant des impacts sur les zones humides Ă  mangroves. ConsidĂ©rĂ©e comme un danger Ă©cologique, la dĂ©gradation des mangroves dans ces milieux est due principalement aux activitĂ©s anthropiques socio-Ă©conomiques. Dans ces forĂȘts Ă  mangroves, les activitĂ©s et les amĂ©nagements exercent des pressions humaines. La mĂ©thode de collecte des donnĂ©es et autres informations a fait appel respectivement, d’une part, sur le terrain Ă  un guide d’observation directe et de caractĂ©risation des activitĂ©s socio-Ă©conomiques, des prises de vues et l’utilisation d’un GPS et, d’autre part, la consultation des rapports divers et des documents cartographiques. Les donnĂ©es recueillies montrent que les activitĂ©s tels que le bĂąti, le maraĂźchage, la pĂȘche, la chasse et les manifestations de la pollution sont les facteurs de dĂ©gradation et dĂ©forestation des mangroves. Cette anthropisation problĂ©matique des milieux humides Ă  mangroves se dĂ©roule dans un contexte d’étalement urbain favorisĂ© par une urbanisation non maĂźtrisĂ©e, dans le nord du Grand Libreville.   In the northern part of Greater Libreville, the AngondjĂ©, Okala and Mikolongo districts are experiencing demographic growth accompanied by sustained urban expansion, and having impacts on wetlands with mangroves. Considered an ecological hazard, the degradation of mangroves in these environments is mainly due to anthropogenic socio-economic activities. In these mangrove forests, activities and developments exert human pressures. The method of collecting data and other information called respectively, on the one hand, on the ground for a guide of direct observation and characterization of socio-economic activities, shots and the use of a GPS and, on the other hand, the consultation of various reports and cartographic documents. The data collected show that activities such as construction, market gardening, fishing, hunting and manifestations of pollution are the factors of degradation and deforestation of mangroves. This problematic anthropization of wetlands with mangroves takes place in a context of urban sprawl favored by uncontrolled urbanization, in the north of Greater Libreville

    Dysfunctional endometres in Libreville: 20 years retrospective study

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    Background: The objectives of this work were to inventory the different morphological entities, to alert the medical class to the need for multidisciplinary care; to sensitize the health authorities on this pathology having a considerable influence on the fertility of the woman and a possible evolution towards cancerous disease.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out over 20 years from January 1983 to December 2002 at the laboratory of anatomy pathology of the faculty of health sciences in Libreville. The revealing clinical signs were the couple's bleeding and infertility. Curettage, endometrial biopsy, and subtotal or total hysterectomy were fixed with 10% buffered formalin or Bouin's fluid. After staining, histological study was carried out by the pathologist.Results: The histological images of the endometrial polyps were the most representative (73 cases or 17.68%), followed by prolonged proliferative endometers (70 cases, or 16.95%), glandulo-cystic hyperplasia (66 cases, or 15.98%) and persistent proliferative endometers (58 cases, or 14.04%). More than half of the numbers concerned women under 35 (225/413 cases); in those over 45 years of age, the predominantly endometrial carcinoma was found. The most affected province was Woleu-Ntem (24%), followed by Haut-Ogooué (18%).Conclusions: The different dysfunctional endometers are also described in the different regions of the continent. The management of these aims to be multidisciplinary and urgently requires a frank collaboration between clinician and morphologist, especially for country where a birth policy is clearly expressed by governing bodies.

    Reactivity and fate of secondary alkane sulfonates (SAS) in marine sediments

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    This research is focused on secondary alkane sulfonates (SAS), anionic surfactants widely used in household applications that access aquatic environments mainly via sewage discharges.We studied their sorption capacity and anaerobic degradation in marine sediments, providing the first data available on this topic. SAS partition coefficients increased towards those homologues having longer alkyl chains(from up to 141 L kg 1 for C14 to up to 1753 L kg 1 for C17), which were those less susceptible to undergo biodegradation. Overall, SAS removal percentages reached up to 98% after 166 days of incubation using anoxic sediments. The degradation pathway consisted on the formation of sulfocarboxylic acids after an initial fumarate attack of the alkyl chain and successive b-oxidations. This is the first study showing that SAS can be degraded in absence of oxygen, so this new information should be taken into account for future environmental risk assessments on these chemicals

    Re-emergence of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in 2021 after a 10-year gap in Gabon

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    Mosquito-borne viral infections are a major concern in endemic areas, such as Africa. Although outbreaks have been reported throughout Africa, only a few surveillance studies have been conducted in Gabon since the outbreaks of dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in 2010. Therefore, the current situation is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the presence of arboviruses, especially DENV (serotypes 1–4), CHIKV, and Zika virus (ZIKV), in Gabon, Central Africa. Between 2020 and 2021, we collected 1060 serum samples from febrile patients and screened them against viruses using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. We detected two DENV serotypes 1 (DENV-1), one CHIKV, and one ZIKV, and subsequently analyzed the genome sequences. To determine the genetic diversity and transmission route of the viruses, phylogenetic analysis was performed using complete or partial genome sequences. The DENV-1 and CHIKV strains detected in this study were closely related to the previous Gabonese strains, whereas the recent ZIKV strain was genetically different from a strain detected in 2007 in Gabon. This study provides new genomic information on DENV-1, CHIKV, and ZIKV that were detected in Gabon and insight into the circulation of the viruses in the country and their introduction from neighboring African countries
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