41 research outputs found

    Desafios e dificuldades da extensão universitária multicampi: uma experiência na UFVJM

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    Em universidades multicampi, garantir a acessibilidade dos estudantes a projetos em outros campi é um desafio. Neste trabalho é relatada uma experiência interdisciplinar e multicampi em um projeto de extensão da UFVJM, durante os anos de 2021 e 2022. No total, estiveram envolvidos 45 alunos, de 3 campi e 10 cursos distintos, em atividades conduzidas de forma remota, tais como, a criação de conteúdo textual e material audiovisual, culminando também na realização de um workshop online, trabalhos de conclusão de curso e publicação de artigos científicos. As atividades remotas ampliaram a acessibilidade ao projeto e ofereceram flexibilidade de horários para professores e estudantes, além de permitir a interação entre discentes de diferentes cursos. No entanto, houveram desafios devido à comunicação ineficiente durante o processo de seleção de estudantes, a falta de acesso à internet e recursos computacionais de alta qualidade

    Impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 no ensino de medicina veterinária em universidades públicas da região sudeste do Brasil: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on veterinary medicine teaching in public universities in the southeast region of Brazil

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    O ensino remoto tornou-se realidade nas instituições de ensino públicas e privadas do Brasil, como uma das medidas preventivas decorrente do novo cenário pandêmico mundial imposto pelo novo Coronavírus. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as dificuldades enfrentadas em cursos de Medicina Veterinária de universidades públicas do Sudeste do Brasil diante desse novo molde educacional, segundo a opinião de discentes e docentes. A obtenção desses dados foi por meio de dois questionários elaborados na plataforma “Google Forms” e compartilhados por plataformas digitais (E-mail, Instagram, Facebook e WhatsApp), sendo que, ao final, foram coletadas 209 respostas (98,5% discentes e 1,5% coordenadores) de 16 universidades públicas. O questionário direcionado aos discentes buscou obter informações sobre identificação e impacto da pandemia na graduação, desempenho acadêmico, acessibilidade e apoio tecnológico, vida pessoal e saúde mental. Já o formulário direcionado aos coordenadores objetivou coletar informações sobre identificação e o impacto da pandemia na graduação, acessibilidade e apoio tecnológico e experiência como profissional. Os resultados demonstram que, na opinião do público-alvo, a pandemia afetou de forma negativa o ensino e vida pessoal, impactando áreas como aproveitamento acadêmico e saúde mental. Consequentemente, mesmo que os entrevistados tenham apontado obter melhores notas e médias ponderadas durante o ensino remoto, os mesmos julgaram que seu conhecimento e aprendizado decaíram e que houve preocupação com o prejuízo social e educacional em sua formação e futuro

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    A database of freshwater fish species of the Amazon Basin

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    The Amazon Basin is an unquestionable biodiversity hotspot, containing the highest freshwater biodiversity on earth and facing off a recent increase in anthropogenic threats. The current knowledge on the spatial distribution of the freshwater fish species is greatly deficient in this basin, preventing a comprehensive understanding of this hyper-diverse ecosystem as a whole. Filling this gap was the priority of a transnational collaborative project, i.e. the AmazonFish project - https://www.amazon-fish.com/. Relying on the outputs of this project, we provide the most complete fish species distribution records covering the whole Amazon drainage. The database, including 2,406 validated freshwater native fish species, 232,936 georeferenced records, results from an extensive survey of species distribution including 590 different sources (e.g. published articles, grey literature, online biodiversity databases and scientific collections from museums and universities worldwide) and field expeditions conducted during the project. This database, delivered at both georeferenced localities (21,500 localities) and sub-drainages grains (144 units), represents a highly valuable source of information for further studies on freshwater fish biodiversity, biogeography and conservation

    Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

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    Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

    Ultra-structural description of the spermatogenesis with emphasis in the spermiogenesis in Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)

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    Nos insetos, os testículos, que são em número de dois, são formados por folículos, que variam em número entre as espécies. Em Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse observam-se três folículos em cada testículo. É nos folículos testiculares que as espermatogônias originam os espermatozóides, através do processo espermatogênico. Na espermiogênese, fase final da espermatogênese, se observam grandes alterações nas espermátides para diferenciação em espermatozóides, ocorrendo de forma gradativa e contínua, através de alterações nucleares, formação do acrossomo, dos derivados mitocondriais e do axonema. Estas alterações visam tornar o espermatozóide uma célula compacta, com motilidade e capacidade de fecundação. Os espermatozóides dos insetos geralmente apresentam, na região da cabeça, núcleo e acrossomo e, adjunto do centríolo na região de transição e na região flagelar, um axonema, dois derivados mitocondriais e dois corpos acessórios. Este trabalho teve como objetivos: a) descrever a estrutura e a ultraestrutura da espermatogênese em Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse, e b) observar se os processos espermatogênicos são iguais para a formação dos dois tipos de espermatozóides. O processo espermiogênico em Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse é semelhante ao descrito para os demais Hymenoptera, entretanto, no final são formados dois tipos de espermatozóides, um com núcleo curto e diâmetro maior e outro com núcleo longo e delgado. Não foram observadas diferenças no processo espermatogênico entre os dois tipos de espermatozóides, sendo o processo semelhante ao descrito para a maioria dos insetos.The spermatogenic process happens in the testicles, which are in number of two. In the insects, the testicles are formed by follicles, varying the number among the species. In Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse three follicles are observed in each testicle. It is in the testicular follicles that the spermatogonias originate the spermatozoa. The spermatozoa of the insects usually present, in the head's region, nucleus and acrosome and, in the flagellum, is region an axoneme, two mitochondrial derivvatives and two accessory bodies. In the spermatogenesis process big significant alterations are observed in the spermatids that differentiated in to spermatozoa. Its happens occurs whit gradual and continuous way, that includes nuclear alterations and formation of the acrosome, the mitochondrial derivatives and axoneme. These alterations transform to turn the spermato zoa into a compact cell, with motility and fecundation capacity. The spermatogenic process in Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse is similar to the observed for other Hymenoptera, however, two types of spermatozoa are formed, one with short nucleus and larger diameter and another with long and thin nucleus. Thus, this study ains: describe the structure and ultrastructure of the spermatogenesis in Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) lactitarse, and observe if the spermatogenic process is the same for both sperm types. Differences were not observed in the spermatogenic process between the two types of spermatozoa, being the process similar to the described for most of the insects

    Morphology of spermatozoa of Campoletis flavicincta (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Megastigmus transvaalensis (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Torymidae)

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    Neste trabalho descrevemos a morfologia dos espermatozoides de Campoletis flavicincta e Megastigmus transvaalensis. Há diferenças ultra-estruturais entre os espermatozoides e poucos trabalhos sobre a morfologia desta célula nas famílias estudadas. Na família Torymidae, este é o primeiro trabalho descrevendo a ultra- estrutura de espermatozoides e na família Ichneumonidae há poucos trabalhos sobre está célula. Os espermatozoides de C. flavicincta são células finas e longas, medem aproximadamente 80 μm de comprimento e estão dentro da média observada em Ichneumonidae. Eles são formados por uma região de cabeça e uma de cauda. A região de cabeça é formada pelo acrossomo e o núcleo e uma camada extracelular que envolve todo acrossomo e parte do núcleo. O flagelo do espermatozoide é formado, em quase toda sua extensão, pelo axonema (9+9+2), dois derivados mitocondriais e dois corpos acessórios localizados entre o axonema e os derivados mitocondriais. Os espermatozoides de M. transvaalensis apresentam morfologia básica semelhante àquela de outros Chalcidoidea. São espiralados e formados pelas regiões de cabeça e de flagelo. A cabeça é formada pelos acrossomo e núcleo. O flagelo é formado por dois derivados mitocondriais iguais e um axonema de padrão 9 + 9 + 2. O estudo da ultra- estrutura dos espermatozoides dos Hymenoptera tem demonstrado a diversidade de informações que essas estruturas reprodutivas podem fornecer, as quais podem ser usadas em estudos de taxonomia e filogenia desse grupo de insetos logo, este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever a ultra-estrutura dos espermatozoides de C. flavicincta e M. transvaalensis.In this work, the morphology of spermatozoa of Campoletis flavicincta and Megastigmus transvaalensis. In the families Ichneumonidae and Torymidae, ultrastrutural differences are found between spermatozoa, but small quantity of works about your morphology. In the family Torymidae, this is the first work about the ultrastructure of spermatozoa and in the family Ichneumonidae, one of the first. The spermatozoa of C. flavicincta are long thin cells, measuring approximately 80 μm in length, within the range observed in Ichneumonidae. The spermatozoa have a head and a tail. The head is formed by the acrosome and nucleus and an extracellular layer surrounds totally the acrosome and partially the nucleus. The flagellum of spermatozoa are formed, almost its entire length, by axoneme (9+9+2), two mitochondrial derivatives and two bodies accessories located between the axoneme and mitochondrial derivatives. The spermatozoa of M. transvaalensis shows similar morphological characteristics to the others Chalcidoidea. They are spiral-like and are consisted of a head and a flagellum. The head is consisted of an acrosome and nucleus. The flagellum is formed for two mitochondrial derivatives and an axoneme with 9+9+2 microtubular arrangement. The ultrastructure of spermatozoa of Hymenoptera has demonstrated the diversity of information that these reproductive structure can provide, which can be used in phylogenetic and taxonomic studies of these groups of insects, so this work aims to describe the ultrastructure of spermatozoa of C. flavicincta and M. transvaalensis

    Sagittal and vertical maxillary effects after surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using Haas and Hyrax expanders

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    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion on the sagittal and vertical maxillary planes. Thirty-three adult patients aged between 18 and 40 years who required surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: the Haas type expander (16) and the Hyrax type expander (17). All patients were subjected to subtotal LeFort I osteotomy with pterygomaxillary disjunction. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken during the preoperative assessment (T1), soon after completion of the expansion (T2), and 4 months after the end of the expansion (T3) The following cephalometric measures were obtained in each of the three radiographs for all the patients: SNA, SN palatal plane, Frankfurt horizontal plane. NA, CF-A, CF-NA, Nperp-A, CF-A, Frankfurt horizontal plane-ANS, and Frankfurt horizontal plane-PNS. Statistically significant changes were observed in the cephalometric measures: SNA, Frankfurt horizontal plane, NA, Nperp-A in the patients in the Haas group, and CF-A in the patients in the Hyrax group, demonstrating anterior displacement of the maxilla. The cephalometric measures SN.palatal plane, CF-A, CF-NA, Frankfurt horizontal plane-ANS, and Frankfurt-PNS plane that evaluated vertical displacement did not show changes in either group. The surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion caused anterior displacement of the maxilla in both groups, but only the Haas group had statistical significance. Neither the Haas group nor the Hyrax group showed vertical displacement of the maxilla. When Hyrax and Haas groups were compared, there were no statistically significant differences for sagittal and vertical changes.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Plast Surg, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Div Plast Surg, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
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