Evaluation of λ-carrageenan, CpG-ODN, glycine betaine, Spirulina platensis and ergosterol as elicitors for the control of Zymoseptoria tritici in wheat

Wheat crops are constantly challenged by the pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici responsible for Septoria tritici Blotch (STB) disease. The present study reports the identification of five biocontrol compounds (λ-carrageenan, CpG-ODN, glycine betaine, Spirulina platensis and ergosterol) for the protection of wheat against STB in order to offer new alternative tools to farmers for sustainable crop protection. Screening of elicitors of wheat defenses was carried out through a succession of experiments: biocidal in vitro tests enabled to check for any fungicidal activities; glasshouse experiments allowed to determine the efficacy of a given compound in protecting wheat against STB; qRT-PCR biomolecular tests investigated the relative expression of 23 defense genes in treated versus untreated plants. We therefore demonstrated that λ-carrageenan, CpG-ODN, glycine betaine, Spirulina platensis and ergosterol are potential elicitors of wheat defenses. Foliar treatments with these compounds conferred protection of wheat by up to approximately 70 % against Z. tritici under semi-controlled conditions and induced both SA- and/or JA-dependent signaling pathways in the plant. These findings contribute to extend the narrow list of potential elicitors of wheat defenses against Z. tritici

Cellulose: from biocompatible to bioactive material

International audienceSince the papyri, cellulose has played a significant role in human culture, especially as paper. Nowadays, this ancient product has found new scientific applications in the expanding sector of paper-based technology. Among paper-based devices, paper-based biosensors raise a special interest. The high selectivity of biomolecules for target analytes makes these sensors efficient. Moreover, simple paper-based detection devices do not require hardware or specific technical skill. They are inexpensive, rapid, user-friendly and therefore highly promising for providing resource-limited settings with point-of-care diagnostics. The immobilization of biomolecules onto cellulose is a key step in the development of these sensing devices. Following an overview of cellulose structural features and physicochemical properties, this article reviews current techniques for the immobilization of biomolecules on paper membranes. These procedures are categorized into physical, biological and chemical approaches. There is no universal method for biomolecule immobilization. Thus, for a given paper-based biochip, each strategy can be considered

Manuel pratique de jardinage et d'horticulture : illustré de 275 figures dans le texte

Contiene : Première partie : Notions générales, multiplication des vegetaux ; Seconde partie : Cultures utilitaires, potagères et fruitières de plein air et de primeurs ; Troisième partie : cultures d'agrément, de plein air et de serres, création et ornementation des jardins, garnitures d'appartement, corbeilles, bouquets, etc

Ueber das Verhalten der Metalle zur Schwefelsäure

n/

Manuel de chimie photographique

par [Edmé-Jules] Maumen

Zones d'extraction de ressources du sous-sol en forêt de Tronçais (Allier) : exploitation de données LiDAR

International audienc

Théorie générale de l'action chimique.

Mode of access: Internet

Traité théorique et pratique de la fabrication du sucre

AntepT. I (VII, 648 p.) -- t. II ([4], 811, [1] p., [4] h. de grab.)Las il. muestran máquinas para la fabricación de azúcarLas h. de grab. muestran la maquinaria utilizada para la fabricación de azúcarContiene: La culture des plantes saccharines ; L'extraction du sucre brut ; Le raffinage ; Le traitement des mélasses ; La distillation et les opératios relatives au travail des salins et potasse

Necroses racinaires et elaboration du rendement.

National audienc