27 research outputs found
Galaxy Gas Fractions at High-Redshift: The Tension between Observations and Cosmological Simulations
Full text linkCO measurements of z~1-4 galaxies have found that their baryonic gas
fractions are significantly higher than galaxies at z=0, with values ranging
from 20-80 %. Here, we suggest that the gas fractions inferred from
observations of star-forming galaxies at high-z are overestimated, owing to the
adoption of locally-calibrated CO-H2 conversion factors (Xco). Evidence from
both observations and numerical models suggest that Xco varies smoothly with
the physical properties of galaxies, and that Xco can be parameterised simply
as a function of both gas phase metallicity and observed CO surface brightness.
When applying this functional form, we find fgas ~10-40 % in galaxies with
M*=10^10-10^12 Msun at high-z. Moreover, the scatter in the observed fgas-M*
relation is lowered by a factor of two. The lower inferred gas fractions arise
physically because the interstellar media of high-z galaxies have higher
velocity dispersions and gas temperatures than their local counterparts, which
results in an Xco that is lower than the z=0 value for both quiescent discs and
starbursts. We further compare these gas fractions to those predicted by
cosmological galaxy formation models. We show that while the canonically
inferred gas fractions from observations are a factor of 2-3 larger at a given
stellar mass than predicted by models, our rederived Xco values for z=1-4
galaxies results in revised gas fractions that agree significantly better with
the simulations.Comment: MNRAS Accepte
[Avian cytogenetics goes functional] Third report on chicken genes and chromosomes 2015
Get PDFHigh-density gridded libraries of large-insert clones using bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and other vectors are essential tools for genetic and genomic research in chicken and other avian species... Taken together, these studies demonstrate that applications of large-insert clones and BAC libraries derived from birds are, and will continue to be, effective tools to aid high-throughput and state-of-the-art genomic efforts and the important biological insight that arises from them
Fine structure of the stinger (aculeus) in Euscorpius
No full textVolume: 42Start Page: 119End Page: 12
From Idea Cults to Clinical Chameleons: Moving Physical Therapists\u27 Professional Identity Beyond Interventions
No full textSYNOPSIS: The components of clinical practice are complex, often ambiguous, and influenced by a wide variety of interrelated contextual factors. As appreciation grows for the impact of individuality, complexity, and uncertainty in health processes, effective translation into widespread clinical practice remains limited. In attempts to bring patients effective solutions, well-meaning physical therapists can get trapped in idea cults, in which a favored idea is supported and others are disparaged. We recommend that physical therapists develop a practice of self-reflection marked by openness and humility to more successfully adapt to the unique needs, values, and preferences of each person. We highlight 4 ways physical therapists can cultivate a more mindful and adaptable clinical approach that can help recognize and navigate the complexities of everyday clinical practic
Implementing a Mind-Body Skills Group in Psychiatric Residency Training
No full textObjective: The burnout crisis in healthcare has led to interventions promoting resiliency and wellness among residents. One such intervention is a 10-week Mind-Body Skills Group including didactics and experiential exercises, self-expression, and small-group support. A Mind-Body Skills Group for residents and fellows in the University of Arizona-Tucson Department of Psychiatry aimed to teach skills for self-care and patient care. Methods: In 2018–2020, 50 University of Arizona-Tucson psychiatric residents and fellows participated in Mind-Body Skills Groups. After finishing the course, 44 participants completed a survey about satisfaction with the course and its content, comfort sharing experiences with the group, use of mind-body skills for participants’ own self-care and wellness, use of these skills with patients, and likelihood of recommending the Mind-Body Skills Group to colleagues. Results: Eighty-four percent of survey respondents were satisfied or very satisfied with the Mind-Body Skills Group. Eighty percent used skills learned in the course for their own self-care and 61% used the skills with patients on at least a weekly basis. Eighty-nine percent indicated they were likely or very likely to use mind-body skills with patients in the future. Ninety-five percent of respondents felt safe sharing personal feelings and experiences in the group, and 95% would strongly recommend or likely recommend the course to colleagues. Results for in-person and online groups were not significantly different. Conclusions: A 10-week Mind-Body Skills Group during psychiatric residency was well received by participants. The course influenced personal health behaviors, which may bolster resiliency and reduce risk for burnout.Weil FoundationOpen access articleThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]
Yoga Therapy and Polyvagal Theory: The Convergence of Traditional Wisdom and Contemporary Neuroscience for Self-Regulation and Resilience
No full textYoga therapy is a newly emerging, self-regulating complementary and integrative healthcare (CIH) practice. It is growing in its professionalization, recognition and utilization with a demonstrated commitment to setting practice standards, educational and accreditation standards, and promoting research to support its efficacy for various populations and conditions. However, heterogeneity of practice, poor reporting standards, and lack of a broadly accepted understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms involved in yoga therapy limits the structuring of testable hypotheses and clinical applications. Current proposed frameworks of yoga-based practices focus on the integration of bottom-up neurophysiological and top-down neurocognitive mechanisms. In addition, it has been proposed that phenomenology and first person ethical inquiry can provide a lens through which yoga therapy is viewed as a process that contributes towards eudaimonic well-being in the experience of pain, illness or disability. In this article we build on these frameworks, and propose a model of yoga therapy that converges with Polyvagal Theory (PVT). PVT links the evolution of the autonomic nervous system to the emergence of prosocial behaviors and posits that the neural platforms supporting social behavior are involved in maintaining health, growth and restoration. This explanatory model which connects neurophysiological patterns of autonomic regulation and expression of emotional and social behavior, is increasingly utilized as a framework for understanding human behavior, stress and illness. Specifically, we describe how PVT can be conceptualized as a neurophysiological counterpart to the yogic concept of the gunas, or qualities of nature. Similar to the neural platforms described in PVT, the gunas provide the foundation from which behavioral, emotional and physical attributes emerge. We describe how these two different yet analogous frameworks—one based in neurophysiology and the other in an ancient wisdom tradition—highlight yoga therapy’s promotion of physical, mental and social wellbeing for self-regulation and resilience. This parallel between the neural platforms of PVT and the gunas of yoga is instrumental in creating a translational framework for yoga therapy to align with its philosophical foundations. Consequently, yoga therapy can operate as a distinct practice rather than fitting into an outside model for its utilization in research and clinical contexts
