Obtention and characterization of lithium superionic conductors using the glass-ceramic method

This paper proposes the glass-ceramics method for obtaining lithium ion (Li+) solid electrolytes. This technique provides high chemical and microstructural homogeneity as well as low porosity. Glass samples were subjected to either single or double heat treatments, between 700 °C and 1000 °C, in order to obtain the glass-ceramics. Differential Scanning Calorimetry – DSC – results evidenced the possibility of fabricating these ceramics from glass in the system Li2O·Al2O3·TiO2·P2O5. Samples observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy – SEM – showed a finely grained microstructure which was homogeneously distributed and non-porous. X-ray Diffraction – XRD – patterns showed the formation of the high conducting phase LiTi2(PO4)3. A high ionic conductivity, in the order of 10-3 S/cm at 1000 °C, was measured by Impedance Spectroscopy – IS. It suggests that the synthesis method used in this research is useful for fabricating lithium ion glass-ceramics and opens up a new alternative for manufacturing different electrical ceramics.Este artículo propone la ruta vitrocerámica para obtener electrolitos sólidos por ion litio (Li+). Esta técnica provee alta homogeneidad química y microestructural, así como baja porosidad. Muestras vítreas fueron sometidas a tratamientos térmicos, simples y dobles, entre 700 °C y 1000 °C, para obtener las vitrocerámicas. Resultados de calorimetría diferencial de barrido – DSC – evidenciaron la posibilidad de fabricar estas cerámicas a partir de vidrios del sistema Li2O·Al2O3·TiO2·P2O5. Muestras observadas por microscopía electrónica de barrido – SEM – mostraron una microestructura de granos finos, homogéneamente distribuidos y sin porosidad. Patrones de difracción de rayos-x – XRD – permitieron verificar la formación de la fase altamente conductora LiTi2(PO4)3. Una conductividad iónica alta, del orden de 10-3 S/cm a 1000°C, fue medida utilizando espectroscopía de impedancia – IS. Lo anterior sugiere que el método de síntesis, utilizado en este trabajo, es útil para fabricar vitrocerámicas de ion litio y abre una nueva alternativa para fabricar diferentes cerámicas eléctricas

Percepção da comunidade acadêmica da área de saúde sobre a interprofissionalidade

Este estudo teve como objetivo descrever a percepção da comunidade acadêmica da área de saúde sobre a interprofissionalidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória-descritiva de natureza qualitativa realizada com a comunidade acadêmica dos cursos da saúde de uma universidade pública de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Foram realizadas 24 entrevistas remotas com estudantes, coordenadores e docentes dos cursos. O material empírico resultante das entrevistas foi submetido à técnica de análise de conteúdo preconizada por Bardin.9 A partir da análise das entrevistas foi possível identificar três categorias com descrição sobre como a comunidade acadêmica está compreendendo a interprofissionalidade em saúde, bem como percebendo suas potencialidades e entrevendo os desafios a serem superados. Consideramos que a comunidade acadêmica investigada apresenta boa compreensão sobre os conceitos e pressupostos da educação e colaboração interprofissional em saúde e que, levando em conta suas potencialidades, anseiam por sua incorporação na universidade e nos serviços de saúde a fim de fomentar um cuidado de saúde mais ampliado e qualificado

What motivates patients with COPD to be physically active? A cross-sectional study

Motivation can be broadly defined as what moves people to act. Low motivation is a frequently reported factor for the reduced physical activity (PA) levels observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study assessed patients' motives to be physically active, according to three pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) participation groups (Never PR, Previous PR and Current PR) and explored whether these motives were related to the PA levels and clinical characteristics. The motives to be physically active were assessed with the Exercise Motivation Inventory-2 (EMI-2, 14 motivational factors, five dimensions) and PA with accelerometry (PA groups: 0.05) but having less symptoms and ≥two comorbidities were associated with higher scores in psychological/health and body-related motives, respectively (p < 0.05). The findings may encourage health professionals to actively explore with patients their motives to be physically active to individualise PA promotion.publishe

Comparative effectiveness and predictors of response to tumour necrosis factor inhibitor therapies in rheumatoid arthritis

Funding Information: positions on two Pfizer sponsored trials and has directed an educational course supported by Bristol Myers Squibb. He serves as an epidemiology consultant to CORRONA. J.A.P.S. has received honoraria as a speaker or consultant and benefited from research support from several pharmaceutical companies involved in the production of biologic agents (Abbott, Amgen, MSD, Pfizer and Roche), always at sums less than E10 000. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest. Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by a grant from Harvard-Portugal Program HMSP-ICS/SAU-ICT/0002/ 2010.Objectives: Adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab are effective TNF inhibitors (TNFis) in the treatment of RA, but no randomized clinical trials have compared the three agents. Prior observational data are not consistent. We compared their effectiveness over 1 year in a prospective cohort.Methods: Analyses were performed on subjects' first episode of TNFi use in the Rheumatic Diseases Portuguese Register, Reuma.pt. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with European League Against Rheumatism good response sustained at two consecutive observations separated by 3 months during the first year of TNFi use. Comparisons were performed using conventional adjusted logistic regression, as well as matching subjects across the three agents using a propensity score. In addition, baseline predictors of treatment response to TNFi were identified.Results: The study cohort included 617 RA patients, 250 starting etanercept, 206 infliximab and 161 adalimumab. Good response was achieved by 59.6% for adalimumab, 59.2% for etanercept and 51.9% for infliximab (P = 0.21). The modelled probability of good response did not significantly differ across agents (etanercept vs adalimumab OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.55, 1.71; etanercept vs infliximab OR = 1.25, 95% CI 0.74, 2.12; infliximab vs adalimumab OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.47, 1.36). Matched propensity score analyses also showed no significant treatment response differences. Greater educational attainment was a predictor of better response, while smoking, presence of ACPA, glucocorticoid use and worse physician assessment of disease activity at baseline each predicted a reduced likelihood of treatment response.Conclusion: Over 1 year, we found no difference in effectiveness between adalimumab, etanercept and infliximab.publishersversionpublishe

Viral genetic clustering and transmission dynamics of the 2022 mpox outbreak in Portugal

Pathogen genome sequencing during epidemics enhances our ability to identify and understand suspected clusters and investigate their relationships. Here, we combine genomic and epidemiological data of the 2022 mpox outbreak to better understand early viral spread, diversification and transmission dynamics. By sequencing 52% of the confirmed cases in Portugal, we identified the mpox virus sublineages with the highest impact on case numbers and fitted them into a global context, finding evidence that several international sublineages probably emerged or spread early in Portugal. We estimated a 62% infection reporting rate and that 1.3% of the population of men who have sex with men in Portugal were infected. We infer the critical role played by sexual networks and superspreader gatherings, such as sauna attendance, in the dissemination of mpox virus. Overall, our findings highlight genomic epidemiology as a tool for the real-time monitoring and control of mpox epidemics, and can guide future vaccine policy in a highly susceptible population.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Síndrome de Chiari e Hidrossiringomielia com comprometimento neurológico: um relato de caso

A Malformação de Chiari (MC) pertence a um amplo grupo de raras deformidades estruturais da junção craniocerebelomedular. O tipo I da doença caracteriza-se pela herniação tonsilar ou amigdaliana cerebelar devido à anomalia da base do crânio e da parte superior da coluna cervical, além de a porção medial do lobo inferior do cerebelo pelo canal cervical também se protuberar através do forame magno, impedindo que o líquor flua normalmente através do canal. A real prevalência da doença é desconhecida, pois muitos pacientes com herniação cerebelar são assintomáticos e o problema agrava-se na fase adulta, com queixas de cefaleia intensa e, por vezes, parestesia. O objetivo deste estudo é relatar um caso de síndrome de Chiari (SC) em uma paciente de 53 anos, ao abordar sua apresentação clínica, diagnóstico e tratamento. Paciente do sexo feminino, 53 anos, foi admitida em um hospital da rede pública de referência se queixando de cefaleia occipital intensa e cervicalgia com irradiação da dor para os membros superiores, acompanhada de parestesia nos quatro segmentos. Relatou já sentir dor há 2 anos, mas apresentou piora do quadro clínico há 8 meses. Foi, também, observada incontinência urinária devido à dissinergia detrusora-esfincteriana por provável bexiga neurogênica. Foi, então, realizado exame de imagem de ressonância magnética (RNM) do crânio e da coluna cervical, com obtenção de sequências ponderadas em T1, T2 e STIR, nos planos sagital e transverso com contraste, o qual evidenciou leve alargamento medular, além de sinais de hidrossiringomielia difusa, com hipossinal na sequência T2 intramedular na altura de D1-D2 (coluna dorsal). Foi notada discreta herniação das tonsilas cerebelares junta ao forame magno, típica da SC, sendo, por fim, confirmado o diagnóstico. A paciente, no entanto, não apresentava hidrocefalia, mesmo com a interrupção do fluxo do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) para o canal vertebral. Ela encaixou- se nos parâmetros de indicação cirúrgica, sendo realizada craniotomia occipital, com acesso ao plexo coroide do quarto ventrículo do tronco encefálico com o intuito de elevar as tonsilas cerebelares baixas, herniadas no canal espinhal cervical e bloqueando o fluxo do LCR. Após a descompressão craniocervical, o curso do líquor foi restaurado e a paciente foi, por fim, encaminhada à sala de recuperação pós-operatória. A SC é uma rara doença que apresenta quadro clínico e alterações radiológicas complexas e extensas e, por vezes, o diagnóstico é retardado devido à inespecificidade dos sintomas confundidos com cervicalgias e cefaleias comuns. A hipótese diagnóstica deve ser embasada nas queixas do paciente, na anamnese minuciosa, exame clínico e nos exames de imagens, sendo a prevalência desta patologia de difícil definição e com faixas etárias distintas

Obtention and characterization of lithium superionic conductors using the glass-ceramic method

This paper proposes the glass-ceramics method for obtaining lithium ion (Li+) solid electrolytes. This technique provides high chemical and microstructural homogeneity as well as low porosity. Glass samples were subjected to either single or double heat treatments, between 700 °C and 1000 °C, in order to obtain the glass-ceramics.Differential Scanning Calorimetry –DSC–results evidenced the possibility of fabricating these ceramics from glass in the system Li2O·Al2O3·TiO2·P2O5. Samples observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy –SEM–showed a finely grained microstructure which was homogeneously distributed and non-porous. X-ray Diffraction –XRD–patterns showed the formation of the high conducting phase LiTi2(PO4)3. A high ionic conductivity, in the order of 10-3S/cm at 1000 °C, was measured by Impedance Spectroscopy –IS. Itsuggests that the synthesis method used in this research is useful for fabricating lithium ion glass-ceramics and opens up a new alternative for manufacturing different electrical ceramics.Este artículo propone la ruta vitrocerámica para obtener electrolitos sólidos por ion litio (Li+). Esta técnica provee alta homogeneidad química y microestructural, así como baja porosidad. Muestras vítreas fueron sometidas a tratamientos térmicos, simplesy dobles, entre 700 °C y 1000 °C, para obtener las vitrocerámicas. Resultados de calorimetría diferencial de barrido –DSC–evidenciaron la posibilidad de fabricar estas cerámicas a partir de vidrios del sistema Li2O·Al2O3·TiO2·P2O5. Muestras observadas por microscopía electrónica de barrido –SEM–mostraron una microestructura de granos finos, homogéneamente distribuidos y sin porosidad. Patrones de difracción de rayos-x –XRD–permitieron verificar la formación de la fase altamente conductora LiTi2(PO4)3. Una conductividad iónica alta, del orden de 10-3S/cm a 1000 °C, fue medida utilizando espectroscopía de impedancia –IS. Lo anterior sugiere que el método de síntesis, utilizado en este trabajo, es útil para fabricar vitrocerámicas de ion litio y abre una nueva alternativa para fabricar diferentes cerámicas eléctricas

In Vitro Studies of the Activity of Dithiocarbamate Organoruthenium Complexes against Clinically Relevant Fungal Pathogens

The in vitro antifungal activity of nine dirutheniumpentadithiocarbamate complexes C1–C9 was investigated and assessed for its activity against four different fungal species with clinical interest and related to invasive fungal infections (IFIs), such as Candida spp. [C. albicans (two clinical isolates), C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsolisis, C. tropicalis, C.dubliniensis (six clinical isolates)], Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (seven clinical isolates), Cryptococcus neoformans and Sporothrix schenckii. All synthesized complexes C1–C9 and also the free ligands L1–L9 were submitted to in vitro tests against those fungi and the results are very promising, since some of the obtained MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values were very low (from 10−6 mol mL−1 to 10−8 mol mL−1) against all investigated clinically relevant fungal pathogens, except for C. glabrata, that the MIC values are close to the ones obtained for fluconazole, the standard antifungal agent tested. Preliminary structure-activity relations (SAR) might be suggested and a strong influence from steric and lipophilic parameters in the antifungal activity can be noticed. Cytotoxicity assays (IC50) showed that the complexes are not as toxic (IC50 values are much higher—30 to 200 fold—than MIC values). These ruthenium complexes are very promising lead compounds for novel antifungal drug development, especially in IFIs, one of most harmful emerging infection diseases (EIDs)