Cambios en la abundancia y distribución espacial del estornino del Atlántico (Scomber colias) en el ecosistema pelágico y pesquerias de Portugal

This study describes changes in abundance and spatial distribution of Atlantic chub mackerel in the Portuguese waters and the Spanish waters of the Gulf of Cadiz using data from acoustic surveys from 1995 to 2010 and data from the fishery since 1958. The distribution and dynamics of chub mackerel and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) are compared and species interactions are discussed. From 2007 to 2009, chub mackerel biomass, as measured acoustically, ranged between 69000 and 238000 t concentrated off the western coast (~50%) and in the Gulf of Cadiz (~30%). Portuguese landings have varied with periods of high landings around 1970 and in recent years. Since 1986 landings have been between 4000 and 23000 t. Both survey catches and commercial landings are taken mainly off the southwestern coast and one- to two-year-old individuals (20-24 cm) predominate in both. Scarcity of larger individuals may be a consequence of their deeper distribution and avoidance of fishing gear, migration of older individuals or a combination of both. In years with high abundance, the fishery expands to the northwestern areas of the Iberian Peninsula. The expansion appears to be caused by improved recruitment although other factors might have contributed (such as targeting to compensate for low sardine catches and the appearance of new markets). The complementary spatial distribution of chub mackerel and sardine and the inverse correlations between their frequency of occurrence, landings and recruitment indices suggest some interaction between the dynamics of the two species, possibly associated with climatic variation.Este estudio describe los cambios en la abundancia y distribución espacial del estornino del Atlántico en las aguas portuguesas y aguas españolas del golfo de Cádiz a partir de datos de las prospecciones acústicas 1995-2010 y datos de la pesquería desde 1958. La distribución y la dinámica del estornino y de la sardina (Sardina pilchardus) se comparan y se analiza la interacción de las especies. Durante 2007-2009, la biomasa del estornino medida acústicamente osciló entre 69 y 238 mil t y se concentró frente a la costa occidental (~50%) y en el golfo de Cádiz (~30%). Los desembarques portugueses han variado con períodos de altas capturas alrededor de 1970 y en los últimos años. Desde 1986 los desembarques han sido entre 4 y 23 mil t. Ambas capturas de campañas y desembarques comerciales se toman principalmente en la costa sur occidental y individuos de 1-2 años edad (20 a 24 cm) predominan en ambos. La escasez de individuos más grandes puede ser una consecuencia de su distribución más profunda y la evitación de las artes de pesca, la migración de los individuos mayores o una combinación de ambos. En los años de mucha abundancia, la pesquería se expande a las áreas occidentales norte de la Península Ibérica. La expansión parece ser causada por un mejor reclutamiento aunque otros factores pueden haber contribuido (pesca dirigida para compensar las capturas bajas de sardina y la aparición de nuevos mercados). La distribución espacial complementaria de caballa y de sardina y la correlación inversa entre la frecuencia de ocurrencia, los desembarques y los índices de reclutamiento sugieren una interacción entre la dinámica de las dos especies, posiblemente asociados a las variaciones climáticas

Network process of children : influence of gender and type of game during cooperative-opposition games

The children, when playing, are communicating, since this is one of the forms of disinhibition and interaction with the group in which they are inserted (Lima, 2014). Ten children, five boys (n = 5; 5.8 ± 0.4 years old of age) and five girls (n = 5; 5.6 ± 0.5 years old of age) from a elementar school were observed during classes of motor expression. These classes took place once a week for a month, lasting one hour for each session. The interactions were observed with two cameras. It was counted as an interaction when a child passed one ball to another. The results suggest that it was in the “Free Game” that there were significant diferences between the type of game, since it was found in this one that it was easier for a player to be connected with his colleagues, being later the most requested, at the moment they had to pass the ball. Between the type of game and the gender, no significant interactions were found, as children who were the ones most requested by their classmates when they had to pass the ball were not verified. However, children who were crucial to maintaining cross-pass connections were also not checked. With regard to gender, no significant differences were found because no child, both male and female, has become important in sustaining the connections between the passes and the fact that no boys and / or girls were the most requested to make the passes with the ball. Finally, among the game types, no significant differences were found, since the children did not become essential to maintain the connection of passes between colleagues, in any of the matches played. The main objective of this study is to compare the interaction between female and male children in the type of cooperative-opposition games through Social Network Analysis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ACADEMIC EVENTS FROM CONCEPTION TO FINAL REPORT: Report of experiences in university extension activities

This study is characterized as a report of experience, based on the importance of university extension activities at events as a form of professional practice for students of the Tourism course of the State University of Amazonas - UEA. It reports on the results of an extension project entitled Academic Events from Conception to Final Report. The methodology used for the construction of this study consists of exploratory and descriptive research, qualitative  in nature, with a bibliographic review to support the proposed discussion.  In terms of the results of this experience, professional practice in the events sector is seen as the main factor contributing to the professional formation of students, through their involvement in more than forty events during the second half of 2017 and through to the end of 2018. The report is relevant because it inspires other colleges and universities to reproduce similar activities and even improve on them.

Methemoglobinemia and dapsone levels in patients with leprosy

The objective of this work was to determine the methemoglobinemia and correlate with dapsone levels in multibacillary leprosy patients under leprosy multi-drug therapy. Thirty patients with laboratory and clinical diagnosis of multibacillary leprosy were enrolled. Dapsone was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and methemoglobinemia by spectrophotometry. The mean dapsone concentrations in male was 1.42 g/mL and in female was 2.42 g/mL. The mean methemoglobin levels in male was 3.09 µg/mL; 191%, and in female was 2.84 ± 1.67%. No correlations were seen between dapsone levels and methemoglobin in male and female patients. Our results demonstrated that the dosage of dapsone in leprosy treatment does not promote a significant methemoglobinemia

The Implementation Process of Projeto Orla in Itapema, Santa Catarina - Brazil

The Brazilian coastal zone management has been increasingly appreciated due to physical, biological and landscape features, besides being the birthplace of terrestrial and marine biodiversity and socioeconomic development. However, over the years a series of conflicts and multiple interests to Federal assets were found, in particular related to the use of the seafront. In order to regulate the use and occupation of the seafront, the Ministry of Environment (MMA) and the Department of Heritage Union (SPU) created the Orla Project. In this context, the city of Itapema, located at northern coast of Santa Catarina State, started the process of implementation of the Orla Project in 2006, with some consolidated results. Therefore, this study describes this process from the perspective of public management. The methods used are based on the interpretive paradigm. The main contribution was developed by the technique of semi-structured interviews with three representatives of public management and a SPU stakeholder from the state of Santa Catarina. The results showed that the municipal executive did not follow all the guidelines mandatory for the Orla Project, considered fundamental for monitoring, maintenance and management of the waterfront following the steps of intervention. Still, the city obtained technical support and resources for revitalization works and acquisition of urban structures on the waterfront, with positive appreciation of the local community.A gestão da zona costeira brasileira tem sido cada vez mais valorizada devido às suas características físicas, biológicas e paisagísticas e por apresentar potencialidades para o desenvolvimento socioeconômico das cidades. Contudo, verifica-se ao longo dos anos uma série de conflitos e interesses múltiplos referentes aos bens da União, em especial quanto aos usos da orla marítima. No intuito de disciplinar o uso e a ocupação da orla, o Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA) e a Secretaria do Patrimônio da União (SPU) criaram o Projeto de Gestão Integrada da Orla Marítima (Projeto Orla). Neste contexto, o município de Itapema, litoral norte do Estado de Santa Catarina, iniciou o processo de implementação do Projeto Orla em 2006, com resultados consolidados. O estudo descreve esse processo segundo a atuação da gestão pública municipal. Os métodos adotados na pesquisa estão embasados no paradigma interpretativista, por meio do estudo de caso. Seu aporte principal se desenvolveu por meio da técnica de entrevista semiestruturada com três representantes da gestão pública municipal e um stakeholder da SPU do Estado de Santa Catarina. Os resultados demonstraram que o poder executivo municipal não seguiu todas as diretrizes mandatórias dos órgãos responsáveis pelo Projeto Orla, consideradas fundamentais para fiscalização, manutenção e gestão da orla após as etapas de intervenção, como, por exemplo, a continuidade do Comitê Gestor da Orla. Ainda assim, o município obteve apoio técnico e recursos para obras de revitalização e aquisição de estruturas urbanísticas no espaço da orla, com apreciação positiva da comunidade local

Indirect assessment of the fusion properties of choline chloride from solid-liquid equilibria data

The temperature and enthalpy of fusion of choline chloride -[Ch]Cl- are not directly measurable since this compound decomposes upon melting. Yet, given the wide use of this compound in the preparation of deep eutectic solvents (DES), its thermophysical fusion properties are very important for a better understanding of these mixtures and the thermodynamic description of their solid-liquid phase diagrams. In this work, the fusion properties of choline chloride were estimated using the solubility curves of choline chloride in ten different ionic compounds, forming simple binary eutectic mixtures with quasi-ideal liquid phases. Experimental solid-liquid equilibria data for these systems -[Ch] Cl + ionic compounds- were measured, and the ideality of the systems assessed through the quantification of the activity coefficients and their comparison in each pair of binary solutions. The values estimated for the fusion properties of choline chloride are T fus,[Ch]Cl = 597 ± 7 K and Δ fus H [Ch]Cl = 4300 ± 600 J mol −1 . These were additionally checked by thermodynamic consistency tests and by the prediction of the solid-liquid curves with COSMO-RS model. The results obtained with both procedures allow us to guarantee the usefulness and robustness of the estimated data.This work was developed in the scope of the project CICECOAveiro Institute of Materials, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007679 (Ref. FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013) and Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER- 006984 e Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM, both funded by FEDER through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizaç~ao (POCI) e and by national funds through FCT - Fundaç~ao para a Ci^encia e a Tecnologia. M.A.R.M acknowledges FCT for her PhD grant (SFRH/BD/87084/2012). J.O. and L.F. thank the financing provided by the Spanish Government, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO), under the project CTQ2012- 37114 and the short-stay grant EEBB-I-16-11792.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Análise da percepção do visitante sobre a revitalização da orla marítima: o modelo do Parque Linear Calçadão, Itapema – Santa Catarina – Brasil

The tourist destinations related to sun and beach need a management of coastal areas in accordance with the principles of sustainability from the perspective of developing, in a systemic way, their economic and environmental functions. In this context, the study examines the environmental perception of visitors to the city of Itapema (SC) on the revitalization of the sea front , since the implementation of the Linear Park Boardwalk, as a result of the implementation of Orla project on the city. The methods adopted for research are based on the interpretive paradigm, which addresses a subjective view of social phenomena, methodologically supporting the case study method. The main contribution of the research was developed through semi structured interviews with nine informants, were subsequently analyzed using the method of the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD). The results demonstrated the satisfaction of visitors (tourists and excursionists) to the revitalization of the sea front and the structure of the Linear Park Boardwalk. Their evidences revealed the recovery of the sea front as a public recreational space, favoring tourist - recreational activities in beach space, safely, sociability and mobility. Local aspects cited as the sea front structure to enjoyment of leisure by different age groups, observing the landscape, preservation of vegetation and enhance the image of the municipality were also confirmed in the study as positive points. It is considered from the study that the coastal cities should revitalize natural environment and ensured for the well being of residents and visitors, guided by existing state and federal level management programs, such as the Orla Project.Los destinos turísticos de turismo de sol y playa preconizan por el desarrollo del espacio costeiro según los principios de la gestión sostenible, debiendo esta hacerse intensa e inminente frente al proceso de gestión de los recursos naturales, teniendo en cuenta el desarrollo de una forma sistémica de sus funciones económico, ambiental y socio-espacial. En este contexto, el estudio analiza la percepción ambiental de los visitantes a la ciudad de Itapema (SC) en la revitalización de la línea de costa, com la ejecución de um Parque Lineal. Los métodos adoptados para la investigación se apoyan en el paradigma interpretativo, que aborda una visión subjetiva de los fenómenos sociales com el apoyo metodológico del estudio de caso. La principal aportación de la investigación se desarrolla a través de la técnica de entrevistas semi -estructuradas con nueve entrevistados y posteriormente analizada con el método del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo (CSD). Los resultados mostraron la satisfacción de los visitantes (turistas y excursionistas) para la revitalización de la línea de costa y la estructura del Parque Lineal. Sus testimonios revelan la recuperación de la línea de costa como un recurso natural, el desarrollo de actividades turístico-recreativas en el espacio praial con seguridad, la sociabilidad y la movilidad. Los aspectos territoriales citados como el paseo marítimo, disfrutar de La estructura de ocio para los diferentes grupos de edad, observando el paisaje y mejorar la imagen del municipio también fueron confirmados en la encuesta. Se considera que las ciudades costeras deben revitalizar sus espacios naturales y espacios de valor para la interacción social, guiados por el nivel estatal y federal existentes, tales como los programas de gestión de proyectos de Parques Lineares.Os destinos turísticos de sol e praia preconizam pelo gerenciamento do espaço costeiro segundo os princípios da sustentabilidade, na perspectiva de desenvolver, de forma sistêmica, suas funções econômicas e ambientais. Neste contexto, o estudo analisa a percepção ambiental dos visitantes do município de Itapema (SC) sobre a revitalização da orla marítima, a partir da implantação do Parque Linear Calçadão, resultado do processo de implementação do Projeto Orla no município. Os métodos adotados para a investigação estão consubstanciados no paradigma interpretativista, que aborda uma visão subjetiva dos fenômenos sociais, embasando metodologicamente o método estudo de caso. O aporte principal da pesquisa se desenvolveu por meio da técnica de entrevista semiestruturada com nove informantes do destino e, foram posteriormente, analisadas segundo o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Os resultados demonstraram a satisfação dos visitantes (turistas e excursionistas) com a revitalização da orla marítima e com a estrutura do Parque Linear Calçadão. Seus depoimentos evidenciaram a valorização da orla como espaço público de lazer, favorecendo atividades turístico-recreativas no espaço praial com segurança, sociabilidade e mobilidade aos frequentadores. Aspectos citados como ordenamento da orla, estrutura para fruição do lazer pelas distintas faixas etárias, contemplação da paisagem, preservação da vegetação e, a valorização da imagem do município também foram confirmadas na pesquisa como pontos positivos. Considera-se, a partir do estudo, que as cidades costeiras devem revitalizar seus espaços naturais e assegurá-los para o bem estar dos residentes e visitantes, guiando-se pelos programas de gestão existentes em nível estadual e federal, a exemplo do Projeto Orla

In vitro histological evaluation of the surgical margins made by different laser wavelengths in tongue tissues

Background: Lasers have become standard tools for the surgical treatment of oral lesions. The purpose of this study is to determine the surgical margins and histologically evaluate the tissue thermal effects induced by different types of surgical instruments. Material and Methods: Cuts were made in pork tonguesâ mucosa with different lasers (Er:YAG at 2W with and without air / water spray and at 4W with and without air / water spray; CO2 at 3.5W and 7W in pulsed mode and at 7W in continuous mode; the diode laser at 3.5W and boost 3.5W in pulsed mode; Nd:YAG at 6W, 40Hz and electroscalpel at 5W and conventional scalpel as control. Macroscopic and microscopic morphological changes were evaluated. Results: The results of this study showed that the surgical instruments that caused greater tissue damage extension were: the Nd:YAG laser (670.68μm), the diode 3.5W and boost PW (626.82μm), the CO2 7W CW (571.18μm), the CO2 at 7W PW (485.45μm), the diode 3.5W PW (456.15μm), the electroscalpel (409.57μm) and lastly the CO2 laser 3.5W PW (306.19μm) and Er:YAG (74.66μm) laser, regardless of power, mode or air / water spray used. An association between the Tissue Damage Extension and the Degree of Carbonization (r = 0.789; P = 0.01), and an association between the Tissue Damage Extension and Regularity of the Incision were found (r = -, 299; P = 0.01). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that lasers can be used in soft tissues biopsies of the oral cavity, enabling a correct histopathological analysis, as long as the biological effects of each laser type are considered. The Er:YAG laser revealed its potential for biopsies of the oral mucosa ensuring a successful histological evaluation and the CO2 laser at 3,5W in pulsed mode presented itself as the best choice for surgeries with hemostasis

Percepção dos adolescentes sobre imunização: educação em saúde e ações para a imunoprevenção

A vacinação contribui de forma eficaz para a saúde pública auxiliando no combate de doenças imunopreviníveis e trazendo vários benefícios à população, porém a maioria das vacinas previstas no Calendário Nacional de Vacinação se destina a crianças. Os adolescentes também estão entre os grupos prioritários para o Programa Nacional de Imunização, no Brasil, devido à alta suscetibilidade a algumas doenças preveníveis por meio da imunização e, principalmente, pela baixa cobertura vacinal apresentada por essa faixa etária. Desta forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo elencar dados acerca da atualização do cartão vacinal dos alunos matriculados em uma escola do Distrito Federal, além de constatar suas opiniões sobre o ato da vacinação. O estudo transversal incluiu vinte e três alunos do ensino fundamental e médio de uma instituição pública do Distrito Federal, com faixa etária variando de 12 a 22 anos, sendo 69,6% dos estudantes que responderam correspondem ao sexo feminino. Utilizou-se da plataforma google formulários para confecção e aplicação dos questionários, além de bibliotecas eletrônicas para fundamentação teórica. Apesar do conhecimento referente a vacinação ser restrito, a maioria dos estudantes se mostrou a favor da prática e apresentou compreensão sobre sua relevância, mesmo com movimentos antivacinais em paralelo. Devido a falta de documentos comprobatórios não foi possível avaliar a real situação do cartão vacinal dos alunos, porém, foi visível o conhecimento dos estudantes referentes a grandes campanhas vacinais como HPV e febre amarela. A cobertura vacinal é pouco discutida pela imprensa e governo, enfatizando a necessidade de sua intensificação na educação em saúde dos jovens e responsáveis

Twelve Years of Scientific Production on Medline by Latin American Spine Surgeons

Background: Despite the small contribution of LA in the Science Citation Index (SCI), a growing contribution by LA research to international literature has been observed in recent years.Study Design: Systematic review.Purpose: To evaluate the scientific contribution of Latin American (LA) Spine Surgeons in the last decade.Methods: A literature search of publications by LA spinal surgeons on topics concerning the spine or spinal cord was performed using an online database; Pubmed.gov. the results were limited to articles published from January 2000 to December 2011. the quality of the publication was evaluated with the journal impact factor (IF), Oxford classification and number of citations.Results: This study comprised 320 articles published in the Medline database by LA spine surgeons from 2000 to 2011. in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of publications by LA spine surgeons. It was observed that 38.4% of LA papers were published in LA journals. 46.6% of the articles were published in journals with an IF lower than 1, and there was no statistically significant difference in the number of articles published in journals with a higher IF during the period. Linear-by-linear association analysis demonstrated an improvement in the level of evidence provided by LA articles published in recent years.Conclusions: This study showed a growth in the number of publications in last 12 years by LA spinal surgeons. It is necessary to discuss a way to increase quantity and quality of scientific publications, mainly through a better education in research.AOSpine Latin AmericaUniv Caxias do Sul, Dept Neurosurg, Caxias Do Sul, RS, BrazilHosp Servidor Publ Estadual Francisco Morato de O, Dept Neurosurg, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Sao Jose Santa Casa Porto Alegre, Dept Neurosurg, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Orthoped, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Univ Fdn Favaloro, Dept Orthoped, Buenos Aires, DF, ArgentinaUniv Desarrollo, Dept Orthoped, Santiago de Compostela, SpainCtr Med Nacl Occidente, Dept Orthoped, Guadalajara, Jalisco, MexicoUniv São Paulo, Dept Orthoped, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Orthoped, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc