Animal performance of feedlot Santa Gertrudis steers fed diets with different protein sources and corn silage, with or without inoculant

O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de uma dieta alimentar contendo fontes protéicas de diferentes degradabilidades ruminais e silagem de milho preparada com ou sem inoculante PIONEER 1174, no desempenho animal. Foi conduzido um experimento fatorial, em que as fontes protéicas (farinha de carne e osso, uréia e uma mistura de ambas [50:50]) foram combinadas com dois tipos de silagens, formando os seis tratamentos experimentais. Foram utilizados 36 novilhos Santa Gertrudis, com 3,5 anos de idade, distribuídos ao acaso nos tratamentos. Diferenças significativas não foram encontradas entre tratamentos para consumo de matéria seca e as interações entre fontes protéicas ou tipos de silagens também não foram significativas. Para o ganho médio diário de peso não houve diferença significativa entre tratamentos, mas a interação entre fontes protéicas mostrou-se significativa. Os animais alimentados com dietas contendo farinha de carne e ossos apresentaram ganhos significativos em relação aos alimentados com uréia. Contrastes entre tipos de silagens não mostraram diferença. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: The present work was carried out to evaluate the effect of diets with different protein sources of ruminal degradability and corn silage prepared with or without the inoculant PIONEER 1174 on animal performance. A factorial experiment was conducted, where the protein sources (meat and bone meal, urea and a mixture of both [50:50]) were combined with two types of silage, composing six treatments. Thirty six 3.5 years old Santa Gertrudis steers were randomly assigned to the treatments. There were no difference between treatments for dry matter intake, not even when the interactions were made among protein sources or types of silage. For average daily gain there were no significant differences among treatments, but the interactions among protein sources were significant. Animals fed diets with meat and bone meal showed higher weight gain than those fed urea. Contrasts between types of silage did not show any difference

Body composition and liquid requirements of energy and protein for weight gain of Santa Gertrudis steers

O presente trabalho foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, com o intuito de avaliar a composição corporal e exigências líquidas de energia e proteína de novilhos. Foi conduzido um experimento com uma dieta contendo 70% de silagem de milho e 30% de concentrado. Foram utilizados 40 novilhos Santa Gertrudis, com 3,5 anos de idade, sendo quatro deles abatidos no início do experimento e 36 distribuídos ao acaso nos tratamentos e abatidos no final do período experimental. De cada carcaça foi retirada uma secção da 9a à 11a costela e determinada a sua composição física e química, através do que foi estimada a composição corporal. Foram ajustadas as equações lineares entre log do conteúdo de proteína, gordura e energia do corpo vazio e log do peso do corpo vazio. Constatou-se que, ao aumentar o peso do corpo vazio, o conteúdo de proteína desse corpo e do seu ganho de peso diminui, enquanto os de gordura e energia aumentam. Assim, os animais de maior peso corporal vazio apresentam exigências de energia mais elevadas e de proteína inferiores às dos animais de menor peso. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT: The present work was carried out at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria to evaluate composition of the body and body weight gain. A experiment was conducted with 70% of corn silage and 30% of concentrate. Forty 3,5 years old Santa Gertrudis steers were used; four of them were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment and 36 were randomly assigned to the treatments and slaughtered at the end of the experimental period. From each carcass the 9th to 11th rib section was taken and its physical and chemical composition determined, and from this the body composition was estimated. Linear equations between log of protein, fat and energy content in the empty body and log of empty body weight were fitted. It was observed that increasing empty body weight decreased the content of protein in empty body and in empty body weight gain while it increased fat and energy content. It was also observed that when body weight increased, the requirements of energy increased while those of protein decreased

CONSTRUÇÃO DE PROGRAMA DE SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE EM HOSPITAL PÚBLICO DE ENSINO: PESQUISA DOCUMENTAL

Pesquisa documental sobre a trajetória de um hospital público de ensino na construção de Programa de Segurança do Paciente. Foram consultados 200 documentos do período de 2004 a 2012, em um hospital público federal do sul do Brasil, com dados coletados entre maio de 2012 a abril de 2013. A análise documental evidencia estratégias essenciais à implantação de um programa. Entre elas, diagnóstico situacional com utilização de ferramentas da qualidade; auditorias internas com instrumentos customizados; profissionais com dedicação exclusiva e expertise na área da qualidade; capacitações direcionadas à equipe multiprofissional; incentivo à construção coletiva, o apoio da direção e o envolvimento de lideranças. O programa foi vanguardista entre os hospitais públicos federais. Desenvolvido previamente à legislação brasileira que normatiza a matéria, cumpriu em grande parte com as demandas da Resolução de Diretoria Colegiada n° 36 de 25 de julho de 2013 do Ministério da Saúde.Investigación documental acerca de la trayectoria de un hospital público de enseñanza en la elaboración de Programa de Seguridad del Paciente. Doscientos documentos fueron consultados en el periodo de 2004 a 2012, en un hospital público federal del sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron obtenidos entre mayo de 2012 y abril de 2013. El análisis documental muestra estrategias esenciales a la implantación de un programa. Entre ellas, la del diagnóstico situacional con utilización de herramientas de cualidad; auditorías internas con instrumentos customizados; profesionales con dedicación exclusiva y expertise en el área da cualidad; capacitaciones direccionadas el equipo multiprofesional; incentivo a la construcción colectiva, apoyo de la dirección y participación de liderazgos. El programa fue de vanguardia entre hospitales públicos federales. Desarrollado antes de la legislación brasileña que normatiza la materia, ayudó en las demandas de la Resolución de Directoría Colegiada n° 36 de 25 de julio de 2013 del Ministerio e la Salud.Documentary research on the trajectory of a public teaching hospital in the construction of a Patient Safety Program. Twohundred documents were consulted from the period between 2004 and 2012, at a federal public hospital in the South of Brazil, using data collected between May 2012 and April 2013. The documentary analysis evidences strategies essential for the implementation of a program. These include: situational diagnosis with use of quality tools; internal audits using customized tools; professional with exclusive dedication and expertise in the field of quality; multiprofessional team training; encouragement of collective construction, support from management and involvement of leaderships. The program was a forerunner among federal public hospitals. Developed before the Brazilian legislation that regulates the matter, the hospital complied with most of the requirements of Board Resolution 36 from July 25th 2013

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost