Campagne BERYX 10 de pêche à la palangre de fond sur trois monts sous-marins du sud-est de la zone économique de Nouvelle-Calédonie. (N.O."Alis", 18 au 27 Août 1992)

BERYX 10 fut la dixième campagne d'une série consacrée à l'étude des ressources halieutiques des monts sous-marins situés au sud-est de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. 8 pêches furent réalisées sur les monts B, K et D avec une palangre de fond du même type que celle qui fut mise en oeuvre par le palangrier "Humboldt". Un total de 6000 hameçons fut mis à l'eau. La diversité des prises (16 espèces) fut du même ordre que celle des campagne précédentes de pêche à la palangre de fond. Le rendement moyen en #Beryx fut 11.9 kg / 100 hameçons. Les autres espèces bien représentées furent #Rexe ante furcata, #Etmopterus lucifer et #Squalus cf. #megalops$. Les prises firent l'objet de mensurations et de prélèvements (gonades et estomacs). 41 traits de filet à plancton furent effectués à des profondeurs comprises entre 25 et 350 m. L'utilisation d'une sonde CTD SEACAT PROFILER a permis d'obtenir une coupe de température et de salinité pour le mont K. (Résumé d'auteur

Virus Burden in Lymph Nodes and Blood of Subjects with Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection on Bitherapy

At present, it is not known whether undetectable plasma viremia corresponds to an absence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in lymphoid tissues. This issue has been explored in 11 subjects with primary HIV-1 infection treated with zidovudine plus didanosine by evaluating virologic markers in blood and lymphoid tissues 9-18 months after initiation of treatment. These markers include plasma viremia, measured with a sensitive assay with a detection limit of 20 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, infectious virus titers and proviral DNA in lymph node mononuclear cells, and HIV-1 RNA in lymphoid tissue. Five subjects had plasma viremia < 20 copies/mL and showed no evidence of viral replication in lymphoid tissue. Six subjects had both detectable plasma viremia and evidence of HIV-1 RNA in lymphoid tissue. The results indicate that absence of detectable HIV RNA in lymphoid tissue is associated with viremia levels of HIV-1 RNA < 20 copies/m

In search of the authentic nation: landscape and national identity in Canada and Switzerland

While the study of nationalism and national identity has flourished in the last decade, little attention has been devoted to the conditions under which natural environments acquire significance in definitions of nationhood. This article examines the identity-forming role of landscape depictions in two polyethnic nation-states: Canada and Switzerland. Two types of geographical national identity are identified. The first – what we call the ‘nationalisation of nature’– portrays zarticular landscapes as expressions of national authenticity. The second pattern – what we refer to as the ‘naturalisation of the nation’– rests upon a notion of geographical determinism that depicts specific landscapes as forces capable of determining national identity. The authors offer two reasons why the second pattern came to prevail in the cases under consideration: (1) the affinity between wild landscape and the Romantic ideal of pure, rugged nature, and (2) a divergence between the nationalist ideal of ethnic homogeneity and the polyethnic composition of the two societies under consideration

Influence of fining agents on the sensorial characteristics and volatile composition of mead

Mead, one of the oldest fermented drinks, is derived from the fermentation of diluted honey by yeasts. In the context of wine production, several procedures are applied to stabilize the beverage and to improve its organoleptic properties. This study aims to evaluate the impact of adding fining agents on the production of mead. In general, the best results were obtained for the samples containing just one fining agent instead of two combined. However, the best performance was obtained for the combined fining agents (bentonite + gelatine + egg albumin). Tannins decreased significantly the content of volatile compounds. On the other hand, silica appears to be the best fining agent, resulting in the lowest loss of volatile compounds. Thirty-six volatile compounds were determined by gas chromatographflame ionization detector and gas chromatographymass spectrometry, including alcohols (42.5%), carbonyl compounds (40.4%), acetates (14.4%) and esters (1.8%). Eleven volatile compounds had odour activity values >1, representing those with a major impact on the aroma of mead. Significant differences (p 0.05) were observed for remaining compounds.A. Pascoal would like to thank Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Programa Operacional Pontencial Humano and European Union for his postdoctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/91380/2012). The authors are grateful to FCT, Portugal and Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) under Programme PT2020 for financial support to Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO) (UID/AGR/00690/2013). This work was supported by the strategic programme UID/BIA/04050/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007569) funded by national funds through the FCT I.P. and by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Whole-genome sequencing-based antimicrobial resistance characterization and phylogenomic investigation of 19 multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-positive Escherichia coli strains collected from hospital patients in Benin in 2019

The increasing worldwide prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli constitutes a serious threat to global public health. Surgical site infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in developing countries, fueled by the limited availability of effective antibiotics. We used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to evaluate antimicrobial resistance and the phylogenomic relationships of 19 ESBL-positive E. coli isolates collected from surgical site infections in patients across public hospitals in Benin in 2019. Isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and phenotypically tested for susceptibility to 16 antibiotics. Core-genome multi-locus sequence typing and single-nucleotide polymorphism-based phylogenomic methods were used to investigate the relatedness between samples. The broader phylogenetic context was characterized through the inclusion of publicly available genome data. Among the 19 isolates, 13 different sequence types (STs) were observed, including ST131 (n = 2), ST38 (n = 2), ST410 (n = 2), ST405 (n = 2), ST617 (n = 2), and ST1193 (n = 2). The blaCTX-M-15 gene encoding ESBL resistance was found in 15 isolates (78.9%), as well as other genes associated with ESBL, such as blaOXA-1 (n = 14) and blaTEM-1 (n = 9). Additionally, we frequently observed genes encoding resistance against aminoglycosides [aac-(6')-Ib-cr, n = 14], quinolones (qnrS1, n = 4), tetracyclines [tet(B), n = 14], sulfonamides (sul2, n = 14), and trimethoprim (dfrA17, n = 13). Nonsynonymous chromosomal mutations in the housekeeping genes parC and gyrA associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones were also detected in multiple isolates. Although the phylogenomic investigation did not reveal evidence of hospital-acquired transmissions, we observed two very similar strains collected from patients in different hospitals. By characterizing a set of multidrug-resistant isolates collected from a largely unexplored environment, this study highlights the added value for WGS as an effective early warning system for emerging pathogens and antimicrobial resistance.The ARES (Académie de la Recherche pour l’Enseignement Supérieur), Belgium.http://www.frontiersin.org/Microbiologyam2022Genetic

Salivary and lacrimal dysfunction after radioactive iodine for differentiated thyroid cancer: American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery Section and Salivary Gland Section joint multidisciplinary clinical consensus statement of otolaryngology, ophthalmology, nuclear medicine and endocrinology

BackgroundPostoperative radioactive iodine (RAI) administration is widely utilized in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. While beneficial in select patients, it is critical to recognize the potential negative sequelae of this treatment. The prevention, diagnosis, and management of the salivary and lacrimal complications of RAI exposure are addressed in this consensus statement.MethodsA multidisciplinary panel of experts was convened under the auspices of the American Head and Neck Society Endocrine Surgery and Salivary Gland Sections. Following a comprehensive literature review to assess the current best evidence, this group developed six relevant consensus recommendations.ResultsConsensus recommendations on RAI were made in the areas of patient assessment, optimal utilization, complication prevention, and complication management.ConclusionSalivary and lacrimal complications secondary to RAI exposure are common and need to be weighed when considering its use. The recommendations included in this statement provide direction for approaches to minimize and manage these complications.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163491/2/hed26417.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163491/1/hed26417_am.pd

Impact of Semantic Relatedness on Associative Memory: An ERP Study

Encoding and retrieval processes in memory for pairs of pictures are thought to be influenced by inter-item similarity and by features of individual items. Using Event-Related Potentials (ERP), we aimed to identify how these processes impact on both the early mid-frontal FN400 and the Late Positive Component (LPC) potentials during associative retrieval of pictures. Twenty young adults undertook a sham task, using an incidental encoding of semantically related and unrelated pairs of drawings. At test, we conducted a recognition task in which participants were asked to identify target identical pairs of pictures, which could be semantically related or unrelated, among new and rearranged pairs. We observed semantic (related and unrelated pairs) and condition effects (old, rearranged and new pairs) on the early mid-frontal potential. First, a lower amplitude was shown for identical and rearranged semantically related pairs, which might reflect a retrieval process driven by semantic cues. Second, among semantically unrelated pairs, we found a larger negativity for identical pairs, compared to rearranged and new ones, suggesting additional retrieval processing that focuses on associative information. We also observed an LPC old/new effect with a mid-parietal and a right occipito-parietal topography for semantically related and unrelated old pairs, demonstrating a recollection phenomenon irrespective of the degree of association. These findings suggest that associative recognition using visual stimuli begins at early stages of retrieval, and differs according to the degree of semantic relatedness among items. However, either strategy may ultimately lead to recollection processes

No interactions between previously associated 2-hour glucose gene variants and physical activity or BMI on 2-hour glucose levels.

Gene-lifestyle interactions have been suggested to contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Glucose levels 2 h after a standard 75-g glucose challenge are used to diagnose diabetes and are associated with both genetic and lifestyle factors. However, whether these factors interact to determine 2-h glucose levels is unknown. We meta-analyzed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) × BMI and SNP × physical activity (PA) interaction regression models for five SNPs previously associated with 2-h glucose levels from up to 22 studies comprising 54,884 individuals without diabetes. PA levels were dichotomized, with individuals below the first quintile classified as inactive (20%) and the remainder as active (80%). BMI was considered a continuous trait. Inactive individuals had higher 2-h glucose levels than active individuals (β = 0.22 mmol/L [95% CI 0.13-0.31], P = 1.63 × 10(-6)). All SNPs were associated with 2-h glucose (β = 0.06-0.12 mmol/allele, P ≤ 1.53 × 10(-7)), but no significant interactions were found with PA (P > 0.18) or BMI (P ≥ 0.04). In this large study of gene-lifestyle interaction, we observed no interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors, both of which were associated with 2-h glucose. It is perhaps unlikely that top loci from genome-wide association studies will exhibit strong subgroup-specific effects, and may not, therefore, make the best candidates for the study of interactions