Línea base ambiental para el programa de uso y ahorro eficiente del agua del acueducto de la quebrada Cinco Mil

El presente trabajo de pasantía, consigna el sustento técnico de la línea base ambiental para el desarrollo del Programa de Uso y Ahorro Eficiente del Agua, del acueducto denominado “La Cinco Mil”, adscrito al municipio de El Socorro, Santander. Lo anterior, se sustenta en la definición pragmática de la resolución 1257 de 2018 y la ley 373 de 1997, incorporando dicho instrumento de planificación, para la gestión integral del recurso hídrico. La consecución integral de los objetivos dispuestos, se realiza a partir de una orientación fáctica, basada en la planeación estratégica dispuesta por los profesionales encargados del área, dando lugar a visitas de inspección ocular, caracterización, seguimiento y ejecución de la línea base ambiental, recopilando evidencias que soportan el componente físico-biótico en un contexto espacial de interpretación visual y procesamiento digital de imágenes. Se establece a través de sistemas de información geográfica la caracterización hidrológica de la fuente abastecedora bajo una clasificación en la categoría de subcuenca con geometría pequeña de forma oval redonda a oval oblonga con comportamiento bimodal, una oferta hídrica anual que oscila entre 644 – 1558 mm y, un volumen de infiltración de 0.016 km3, demostrando excedente de agua hacia el centro- occidente de la unidad hidrológica. En síntesis, la integración espacial de las variables con definición heurística, identifica 44 predios de carácter rural de los cuales 22.51 hectáreas se encuentran sujetas bajo la modalidad de servidumbre en un área de influencia total de 817.83 hectáreas, categorizadas en áreas críticas, condicionadas principalmente por los indicadores hídricos del régimen natural y antrópico en la en clase de riesgo alto con una influencia del 70.25% en distribución preferencial occidente-suroccidente y, el 29.25% del territorio en riesgo moderado.Universidad Libre Seccional Socorro - Facultad de ciencias de la educaciónThe present internship work, records the technical support of the environmental base line for the development of the Efficient Use and Saving of Water Program, of the aqueduct called "La Cinco Mil", attached to the municipality of El Socorro, Santander. The foregoing is based on the pragmatic definition of resolution 1257 of 2018 and law 373 of 1997, incorporating said planning instrument, for the comprehensive management of water resources. The comprehensive achievement of the established objectives is carried out from a factual orientation, based on the strategic planning established by the professionals in charge of the area, giving rise to visual inspection visits, characterization, monitoring and execution of the environmental baseline, compiling evidence that supports the physical-biotic component in a spatial context of visual interpretation and digital image processing. The hydrological characterization of the supply source is established through geographic information systems under a classification in the category of sub-basin with small geometry from round oval to oblong oval with bimodal behavior, an annual water supply that ranges between 644 - 1558 mm and , an infiltration volume of 0.016 km3, showing excess water towards the center-west of the hydrological unit. In short, the spatial integration of the variables with a heuristic definition identifies 44 rural properties, of which 22.51 hectares are subject to easement in a total area of ​​influence of 817.83 hectares, categorized as critical areas, mainly conditioned by the water indicators of the natural and anthropic regime in the high risk class with an influence of 70.25% in preferential distribution west-southwest and 29.25% of the territory in moderate risk

Manejo integrado costero en Cuba, la ensenada sibarimar

El manejo integrado de las zonas costera se basa en la elaboración de un plan integrado para protección y desarrollo de los ecosistemas y recursos costeros, tratando de cumplir unos objetivos que sean compatibles con las actividades que desarrollan y con el bienestar de las comunidades que dependen de los recursos costeros. Sin embargo, algunas actividades que explotan los recursos de las zonas costeras ha puesto en peligro su sostenibilidad, el turismo constituye un de las actividades que más ha contribuido en la Ensenada Sibarimar a poner en peligro esta zona costra. En este artículo se realiza un análisis de los principales problemas ambientales del área de estudio y se formulan algunas propuestas que se deberían recoger en la elaboración de un programa de manejo costero integrado para la Ensenada Sibarimar.The integrated managing of the zones coastal is based on the production of a plan integrated for protection and development of the ecosystems and coastal resources, trying to fulfill a few aims that are compatible with the activities that they develop and with the well-being of the communities that depend on the coastal resources. Nevertheless, some activities that exploit the resources of the coastal zones it has put in danger his sustainability, the tourism constitutes one of the activities that more has helped in the Inlet Sibarimar to put in danger this zone crust. In this article there is realized an analysis of the principal environmental problems of the area of study and there are formulated some offers that should be gathered in the production of a program of coastal managing integrated for the Inlet Sibarimar

Estudio geoambiental de la cuenca de Guanabo, Cuba : aproximación a la problemática del agua

El diagnostico de los recursos ambientales incluidos los hidrológicos, de un país, región o cuenca, es una tarea de primer orden, dada la importancia que tienen para el desarrollo socio-económico, especialmente en los momentos actuales donde se relaciona tanto determinados déficits ambientales como la propia crisis del agua, con las consecuencias directas del cambio global. En Cuba, el manejo de cuencas puede dividirse en dos grandes etapas: la primera que comprende el período 1960–1985 que se caracterizó por un Manejo Sectorial especialmente dirigido hacia los sectores de los recursos hídricos, los recursos agroforestales y a la agricultura extensiva. La segunda etapa, comprende el período 1986–2004, donde, sin abandonar el manejo sectorial, se hace notar con más fuerza el llamado Manejo Integral, teniendo en la dimensión medioambiental el principal acicate. Unida a la variable pluviometría, hay una diversa disponibilidad temporal del recurso agua, y pese a las obras hidráulicas construidas para suplir su déficit, no ha podido evitarse que en muchas zonas del país existan en los últimos años dificultades de abastecimiento. La ocurrencia de años con lluvias inferiores a la media histórica, unido a su mal aprovechamiento, crean condiciones perjudiciales para la sociedad, la economía y el medio ambiente. Bajo estos planteamientos, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las características geoambientales con especial interés en la problemática del agua en una zona especialmente sensible como es la cuenca de Guanabo, situada entre La Habana y el polo turístico de Varadero.Diagnosis of environmental resources including hydrological, for a country, region or watershed, is a major task, given the importance that have socio-economic development, especially at the present time which relates both certain environmental deficits and own crisis of water, with the direct consequences of global change. In Cuba, watershed management can be divided into two major stages: the first covering the period 1960-1985 was characterized by a particularly directed towards sectors of water resources, extensive agriculture and forestry resources sectorial management. The second stage covers the period 1986-2004, where, without abandoning the sectorial management, it is noted more forcefully the so-called comprehensive management, taking the main spur on the environmental dimension. Coupled with variable rainfall, there is a diverse temporary availability of the resource water, and despite built to meet its deficit hydraulic works, not have been avoided exist in recent years supply problems in many areas of the country. The occurrence of years below the historical average rainfall coupled with bad use, created conditions harmful to society, the economy and the environment. Under these approaches, this article aims to analyze characteristics geoambientales with special interest in the problems of water into a sensitive area as it is basin Guanabo, situated between Cuba and the tourist pole of Varadero

La carga etiquetante en el migrante venezolano en Ecuador. Un estudio comparado entre el procesamiento judicial y la matriz mediática

El presente artículo evalúa los procesos de estigmatización asociables a la inseguridad ciudadana de la población migrante venezolana en Ecuador y su relación con la peligrosidad real, medible mediante procedimientos estandarizados hasta la fecha. Para lograr esto, a) se diserta acerca de los peligros asociables a la estigmatización, según el contexto jurídico ecuatoriano e internacional, b) se comparan los procedimientos de medición de peligrosidad de esta población en Lima, Chile y Colombia, c) se utiliza el método establecido por el Migration Policy Institute, consistente en comparar la proporción de la población migrante según la población nativa receptora, con la población migrante privada de libertad según la población nativa receptora privada de libertad y, finalmente, d) se describen los discursos estigmatizantes mediante encuestas realizadas previamente, e) se comparan los resultados con un estudio cuanticualitativo de tipo etnográfico en un territorio altamente conflictivo del país. Se concluye que la peligrosidad de los migrantes venezolanos es muy inferior a la peligrosidad de la población receptora y colombiana y, además, no corresponde a las proporciones de percepción de inseguridad que se tiene de esa población. Se diserta sobre los problemas que la estigmatización puede generar en la sociedad ecuatoriana. PALABRAS CLAVE: Estigmatización; migración venezolana; Ecuador; personas privadas de libertad; inseguridad ciudadana. The labeling burden on the Venezuelan migrant in Ecuador. A comparative study between judicial prosecution and the media matrix ABSTRACT This article evaluates the labeling processes associated with citizen insecurity of the Venezuelan migrant population in Ecuador, and its relationship with real danger, measurable through standardized procedures to date. To achieve this, a) We discuss the dangers associated with labeling, according to the Ecuadorian and international legal context; b) We compared the procedures for measuring dangerousness of this population in Lima, Chile and Colombia; c) We used the method established by the Migration Policy Institute, consisting of comparing the proportion of the migrant population according to the receiving native population, and the migrant population deprived of liberty according to the receiving native population deprived of liberty; finally, d) We contrast the labeling discourses through surveys previously carried out, e) We compared the numeric results against a quantitative-qualitative study of an ethnographic type in a highly conflictive territory of the country. It is concluded that the danger of Venezuelan migrants is much lower than the danger of the receiving and Colombian population and, furthermore, it does not correspond to the proportions of perception of insecurity that this population has. We disserted on the problems that labeling can generate in Ecuadorian society. KEYWORDS: Labeling, Venezuelan migration; Ecuador; people deprived of liberty; citizen insecurity

Riesgos psicosociales en personal de un hospital privado de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el año 2021

Psychosocial risks are those situations that workers endure within their workplace and that can cause both physical and psychological effects. The objective of this work was to analyze the psychosocial risks in personnel of a private hospital in the city of Guayaquil in the year 2021. A quantitative methodology was used, a descriptive, cross-sectional study, the study population consisted of 347 people. The Psychosocial Risk Assessment questionnaire was used. The data obtained from the questionnaire were entered into the data tabulation tool of the psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire that is available on the institutional website of the Ministry of Labor. The results show that for dimension 1 Work load and pace, with 73% low risk and 27% medium-high risk, for dimension 8.2 Workplace harassment, 58% were exposed to medium risk and 42% were exposed to medium-high risk. high risk. The overall result according to the data from the survey applied in the private hospital showed 84% low risk, and 16% are between medium and high risk. Regarding the conclusions, it is corroborated that hospital employees are exposed to a low risk of psychosocial factors.Los riesgos psicosociales son aquellas situaciones que sobrellevan los trabajadores dentro de su ámbito laboral y que pueden causar afectaciones tanto física como psicológicas. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar los riegos psicosociales en personal de un hospital privado de la ciudad de Guayaquil en el año 2021. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa, estudio de carácter descriptivo, tipo transversal, la población de estudio estuvo constituida por 347 personas. Se utilizó el cuestionario de Evaluación de Riesgos Psicosociales. Los datos obtenidos del cuestionario se ingresaron en la herramienta de tabulación de datos del cuestionario de evaluación de riesgo psicosocial que está disponible en la página web institucional del Ministerio del Trabajo. Como resultados se obtiene que para la dimensión 1 Carga y ritmo de trabajo, con un 73% de riesgo bajo y un 27% de riesgo medio-alto, para la dimensión 8.2 Acoso laboral, expuso el 58% a riesgo medio y un 42% de riesgo alto. El resultado global de acuerdo a los datos de la encuesta aplicada en el hospital privado mostró un 84% de riesgo bajo, y el 16% se encuentra entre riesgo medio y alto. En cuanto a las conclusiones se corrobora que los empleados del hospital se encuentran expuestos a un bajo riesgo de factores psicosociales

Structure-based design of a Cortistatin analogue with immunomodulatory activity in models of inflammatory bowel disease

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are forms of inflammatory bowel disease whose incidence and prevalence are increasing worldwide. These diseases lead to chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract as a result of an abnormal response of the immune system. Recent studies positioned Cortistatin, which shows low stability in plasma, as a candidate for IBD treatment. Here, using NMR structural information, we design five Cortistatin analogues adopting selected native Cortistatin conformations in solution. One of them, A5, preserves the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of Cortistatin in vitro and in mouse models of the disease. Additionally, A5 displays an increased half-life in serum and a unique receptor binding profile, thereby overcoming the limitations of the native Cortistatin as a therapeutic agent. This study provides an efficient approach to the rational design of Cortistatin analogues and opens up new possibilities for the treatment of patients that fail to respond to other therapies.A.Rol was a recipient of a PhD fellowship from the Generalitat de Catalunya (FI) and A.E. and E.P. were recipients of PhD fellowships granted by the Severo Ochoa Program(FPI). T.T. was a postdoctoral fellow co-funded by the Marie Skłodowska-CurieCOFUND actions (IRB Barcelona Interdisciplinary Postdoc Programme). This work wassupported by the following grants: CTQ2014-56361-P and CTQ2017-87840-P (A.Riera)and RTI2018-100700-B-100 (M.D.) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industryand Competitiveness (MINECO); and by AGAUR (SGR-50). We also acknowledge institutional funding from MINECO through the Centers of Excellence Severo OchoaAward given to IRB Barcelona, as well as from the CERCA Program of the Generalitat deCatalunya. M.J.M. is an ICREA Programme Investigator

Decision-Making about COVID-19 Vaccines among Health Care Workers and Their Adolescent Children

Health care workers promote COVID-19 vaccination for adolescent patients, and as parents, may influence their own children to get vaccinated. We conducted virtual, semi-structured qualitative interviews with vaccinated health care workers and their adolescent children to explore their decision-making process for COVID-19 vaccination. In total, 21 health care workers (physicians, nurses, and medical staff) and their adolescent children (N = 17) participated in interviews. The following three themes described parent-adolescent decision-making for COVID-19 vaccination: (1) family anticipation and hesitation about COVID-19 vaccine approval; (2) parents’ or adolescents’ choice: the decision maker for adolescent COVID-19 vaccination; and (3) leveraging one’s vaccination status to encourage others to get vaccinated. Nurses encouraged adolescent autonomy in decisions for COVID-19 vaccination while physicians viewed vaccination as the parent’s decision. Health care workers and their adolescent children used role-modeling to motivate unvaccinated peers and may model their decision-making process for adolescent COVID-19 vaccination with their own children to support their patients’ and parents’ vaccine decisions

Use of colonoscopy as a primary screening test for colorectal cancer in average risk people

The use of colonoscopy as a primary screening test for colorectal cancer (CRC) in average risk adults is a subject of controversy. Our primary objective was to build a predictive model based on a few simple variables that could be used as a guide for identifying average risk adults more suitable for examination with colonoscopy as a primary screening test. METHODS: The prevalence of advanced adenomas was assessed by primary screening colonoscopy in 2210 consecutive adults at least 40 yr old, without known risk factors for CRC. Age, gender, and clinical and biochemical data were compared among people without adenomas, those with non-advanced adenomas, and those with any advanced neoplasm. A combined score to assess the risk of advanced adenomas was built with the variables selected by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Neoplastic lesions were found in 617 subjects (27.9%), including 259 with at least one neoplasm that was 10 mm or larger, villous, or with moderate-to-severe dysplasia, and 11 with invasive cancers. Advanced lesions were more frequent among men, older people, and those with a higher body mass index (BMI). These three variables were independent predictors of advanced adenomas in multivariate analysis. A score combining age, sex, and BMI was developed as a guide for identifying individuals more suitable for screening colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Age, gender, and BMI can be used to build a simple score to select those average risk adults who might be candidates for primary screening colonoscop

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МЭЛЛОРИ-ВЕЙСА СИНДРОМ /диагн /терПИЩЕВОДА ПЕРФОРАЦИЯ /диагн /терЖЕЛУДОЧНО-КИШЕЧНОЕ КРОВОТЕЧЕНИЕГЕМОСТАЗ ЭНДОСКОПИЧЕСКИ