Development of a plasmonic droplet-based optical setup and conception of new interfaces for biodetection

Les capteurs basés sur la résonance plasmonique de surface (SPR) sont devenus des outils très importants pour une détection sensible, sans marquage et en temps réel des interactions biochimiques et biologiques. Dans cette thèse, différents aspects de la plasmonique ont été étudiés tels que la configuration du système de détection et la façon dont les molécules sont attachées aux interfaces SPR. Dans la première partie de ce travail, l’intérêt d’un banc SPR en configuration "goutte" est présenté. Ce banc a permis d’étudier expérimentalement, pour la première fois, l’excitation des plasmons de surface par une "lame à réseaux", un dispositif intégré sans prisme. Dans la deuxième partie, différentes stratégies de fonctionnalisation de surface ont été développées sur différents types d’interfaces SPR hybrides. Une lame d’argent couverte par un film fin de silicium amorphe carboné (Ag/a-Si0.63C0.37) a été modifiée avec de l’acide nitrilotriacétique (NTA) terminé amine pour chélater les ions Cu2+. L’interaction avec les peptides his-tagués peut être suivie, d’une façon simple, par le banc SPR en "goutte". L’intérêt de l’interaction glycane-lectine a motivé le développement des interfaces SPR modifiées avec des glycanes. En utilisant l’approche de la chimie "click", les sucres mannose/lactose terminés alcyne ont été attachés d’une façon covalente sur une lame d’or/oxyde de silicium (Au/SiOx) fonctionnalisée azide. La détection de deux différents lectines (Lens culinaris et Peanut Agglutinin) par ces puces à glycanes a été validée. En parallèle, le greffage des sucres mannose/lactose "non modifiés" à l’interface Au/SiOx modifiée par l’acide tetrafluoro-azidobenzoïque (ATFBA) via le photocouplage a été analysé. Cette stratégie a montré une efficacité dans la reconnaissance spécifique des lectines comparable à celle obtenue dans le cas de la chimie "click".Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensors have become very important tools for a sensitive, label-free and real-time detection of biochemical and biological interactions. Different aspects for plasmonic-based sensor have been investigated in this thesis such as the detection system configuration and the way molecules are linked to the SPR interfaces. In the first part of this thesis, the interest of a droplet-based SPR set-up was shown. This approach has allowed studying experimentally, for the first time, the excitation of surface plasmons by a diffraction grating chip, without integrated prisms. In the second part, different surface functionalization strategies have been developed on different thin film of a hybrid SPR interfaces. It was shown that silver-based SPR interfaces post-coated with amorphous silicon-carbon alloy (Ag/a-Si0.63C0.37) could be modified with amine-terminated nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), a strong chelating agent for Cu2+ ions. The interaction with his-tagged peptides could be followed, in an easy manner, by the droplet-based SPR set-up. Motivated by the interest of the glycane-lectin interaction, glycan-modified SPR chips were developed. Alkynyl-terminated mannose/lactose were covalently linked to azide functionalized gold/silicon oxide (Au/SiOx) interfaces using a "click" chemistry approach, the sensing of two different lectins (Lens culinaris and Peanut Agglutinin) was validated. In parallel, "unmodified" glycans were covalently linked to azide-tetrafluorobenzoic acid by a photocoupling strategy. This strategy showed high efficiency in the specific recognition of lectins comparable to the one obtained in the case of "clicked" sugar

Does Mortality priming increase religious thinking? Evidence from implicit spatial-religious associations

According to Terror Management Theory, people manage their fear of death by defending their cultural worldview, and values of that worldview are typically strengthened when confronted with death. An interesting case is religious believes, for which an increase or decrease has been found depending on the prior religiousness and level of assessment (explicit or implicit). In this study (n = 135) we further assessed the impact of mortality salience on implicit religious believes using an implicit association test (IAT) assessing the link between vertical space and deity (good-up, devil down). We found that implicit associations increased when people think about their own death, but not when they think about a tooth treatment. Moreover, the increase in the IAT-effect was higher for people with a lower self-esteem. Making use of a metaphorical spatial association, this study provides further support for an increase in implicit religiousness when thinking about one’s own dead

Vasco de Mello: percurso, panorama e análise de sua obra

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo, registrar o conjunto da obra do arquiteto Vasco de Mello e identificar as características da sua arquitetura entre os anos de 1960 até 2016. Esta dissertação visa preencher uma lacuna sobre a obra desse importante arquiteto paulista, em direção ao conhecimento de sua obra pouco estudada. A dissertação está organizada em três capítulos. O capítulo 1 denominado Percurso apresenta a trajetória do arquiteto em três períodos: A Formação de um Novo Olhar de 1960-1975; Produção Coletiva de 1975-1999 e A Fase Atual, 1999 -2016. No segundo capítulo denominado, Método e Procedimentos da Pesquisa, são apresentadas as etapas da pesquisa e são destacados todo o processo de levantamento, organização e classificação do material iconográfico do acervo do arquiteto. A documentação constitui-se em uma das funções primordiais desta pesquisa, por meio da identificação do objeto de estudo, organização, classificação das obras e de suas principais características, culminando na discussão sobre a relevância deste objeto no quadro da arquitetura paulista. No terceiro capítulo denominado, Panorama e Análise, é traçado o Panorama Cronológico de sua Obra e a leitura do conjunto da obra do arquiteto Vasco de Mello. Na sequencia são definidos os Critérios para os Itens de Análise e a Seleção dos Estudos de Caso. A partir desses critérios foi definido o objeto de estudos, constituídos de sete projetos que contribuem para compreensão dos aspectos formais, funcionais e construtivos presentes nas propostas. Por fim, são discutidas as Características da Arquitetura de Vasco de Mello, extraídas da leitura do conjunto de sua obra. A contribuição original da presente pesquisa é catalogar o conjunto da sua obra, destacando suas características e apontar aspectos que demonstram a sua inquietude e a sua contestação aos rígidos dogmas da arquitetura moderna, a partir dos anos 60. A pesquisa desenvolvida permitiu identificar que, o conjunto de sua produção não aponta para uma categorização ou para a evolução de uma linguagem coerente, pelo contrario, seus trabalhos abrangem uma sequência de temas dos mais diversificados, pautado na pluralidade de experiências e liberdade de expressão, enfrentada de maneira singular.The aim of this research is to record the work of architect Vasco de Mello and to identify the characteristics of his architecture between the years of 1960 and 2016. This dissertation seeks to fill a gap on the work of this important architect from São Paulo towards the knowledge of his little studied work. The dissertation is organized in three chapters. Chapter 1, entitled Trajectory, presents the timeline of the architect in three periods: A New Vision from 1960-1975; Collective Production from 1975-1999 and The Current Phase, 1999 -2016. In the second chapter called Research Method and Procedures, the research steps are presented and the whole process of surveying, organizing and classifying the iconographic material of the architect's collection is highlighted. Documentation is one of the primary functions of this research, through the identification of the object of study, organization, classification of the works and their main characteristics, culminating in the discussion about the relevance of this object within the framework of São Paulo's architecture. In the third chapter, Panorama and Analysis, the Chronological Panorama of his Work and the reading of architect's Vasco de Mello work are mapped out. Followed by the definition of the Criteria for the Analysis Items and the Selection of the Case Studied. Taking these criteria into consideration, the objects of study were defined, consisting of seven projects that contribute to understanding the formal, functional and constructive aspects amongst the proposals. Finally, the characteristics of the architecture of Vasco de Mello, extracted from the reading of his work, are discussed. The original contribution of the present research is to catalog the whole of his work, highlighting its characteristics and pointing out aspects that demonstrate his uneasiness and his challenge to the rigid dogmas of modern architecture, starting from the 1960s. The research allowed to identify a lack of pattern in his production, which does not point to a categorization or to the evolution of a coherent language. On the contrary, his work covers a sequence of the most diverse themes, based on the plurality of experiences and freedom of expression, faced in a singular way.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

Développement d'un banc plasmonique en goutte et conception de nouvelles interfaces appliquées à la biodétection

Les capteurs basés sur la résonance plasmonique de surface (SPR) sont devenus des outils très importants pour une détection sensible, sans marquage et en temps réel des interactions biochimiques et biologiques. Dans cette thèse, différents aspects de la plasmonique ont été étudiés tels que la configuration du système de détection et la façon dont les molécules sont attachées aux interfaces SPR. Dans la première partie de ce travail, l intérêt d un banc SPR en configuration "goutte" est présenté. Ce banc a permis d étudier expérimentalement, pour la première fois, l excitation des plasmons de surface par une "lame à réseaux", un dispositif intégré sans prisme. Dans la deuxième partie, différentes stratégies de fonctionnalisation de surface ont été développées sur différents types d interfaces SPR hybrides. Une lame d argent couverte par un film fin de silicium amorphe carboné (Ag/a-Si0.63C0.37) a été modifiée avec de l acide nitrilotriacétique (NTA) terminé amine pour chélater les ions Cu2+. L interaction avec les peptides his-tagués peut être suivie, d une façon simple, par le banc SPR en "goutte". L intérêt de l interaction glycane-lectine a motivé le développement des interfaces SPR modifiées avec des glycanes. En utilisant l approche de la chimie "click", les sucres mannose/lactose terminés alcyne ont été attachés d une façon covalente sur une lame d or/oxyde de silicium (Au/SiOx) fonctionnalisée azide. La détection de deux différents lectines (Lens culinaris et Peanut Agglutinin) par ces puces à glycanes a été validée. En parallèle, le greffage des sucres mannose/lactose "non modifiés" à l interface Au/SiOx modifiée par l acide tetrafluoro-azidobenzoïque (ATFBA) via le photocouplage a été analysé. Cette stratégie a montré une efficacité dans la reconnaissance spécifique des lectines comparable à celle obtenue dans le cas de la chimie "click".Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based biosensors have become very important tools for a sensitive, label-free and real-time detection of biochemical and biological interactions. Different aspects for plasmonic-based sensor have been investigated in this thesis such as the detection system configuration and the way molecules are linked to the SPR interfaces. In the first part of this thesis, the interest of a droplet-based SPR set-up was shown. This approach has allowed studying experimentally, for the first time, the excitation of surface plasmons by a diffraction grating chip, without integrated prisms. In the second part, different surface functionalization strategies have been developed on different thin film of a hybrid SPR interfaces. It was shown that silver-based SPR interfaces post-coated with amorphous silicon-carbon alloy (Ag/a-Si0.63C0.37) could be modified with amine-terminated nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), a strong chelating agent for Cu2+ ions. The interaction with his-tagged peptides could be followed, in an easy manner, by the droplet-based SPR set-up. Motivated by the interest of the glycane-lectin interaction, glycan-modified SPR chips were developed. Alkynyl-terminated mannose/lactose were covalently linked to azide functionalized gold/silicon oxide (Au/SiOx) interfaces using a "click" chemistry approach, the sensing of two different lectins (Lens culinaris and Peanut Agglutinin) was validated. In parallel, "unmodified" glycans were covalently linked to azide-tetrafluorobenzoic acid by a photocoupling strategy. This strategy showed high efficiency in the specific recognition of lectins comparable to the one obtained in the case of "clicked" sugar.LILLE1-Bib. Electronique (590099901) / SudocSudocFranceF

The eyes have it: An unusual case of ophthalmia neonatorum or a shifting landscape?

Despite dramatic declines in the incidence of ophthalmia neonatorum with universal prophylaxis, it remains a clinically important cause of eye disease in newborns. While clear guidelines exist for the treatment of the historically primary agents of ophthalmia neonatorum ( Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae ), it is less clear how to manage newborns with conjunctivitis secondary to other bacterial organisms, particularly those also frequently implicated in neonatal sepsis. We present the case of a 3-day-old well-appearing term infant with unilateral purulent conjunctivitis. The eye culture grew Escherichia coli , an unusual cause of ophthalmia neonatorum. After a limited sepsis evaluation proved negative, the infant was switched to moxifloxacin ophthalmic drops and made a full recovery. This case highlights the challenge of managing a rare presentation with minimal guideline support, as well as the need to consider other bacterial causes of neonatal conjunctivitis which are emerging in the era of routine prophylaxis in the United States

Age-adapted morphine titration produces equivalent analgesia and adverse effects in younger and older patients.

International audienceBACKGROUND: To determine the efficacy and safety of intravenous postoperative morphine titration in the elderly compared with younger patients. METHODS: In the post-anaesthesia care unit, patients complaining of pain received morphine until adequate pain relief. Intravenous morphine was titrated as 3 mg boluses in young (age 65 yr) and 2 mg in elderly patients (>65 yr) every 5 min. RESULTS: We studied 350 young and 68 elderly patients. There were no significant differences between the two age groups for pain intensity at the onset of titration (numerical rating scale, 7.4 +/- 1.7 in young vs. 7.5 +/- 1.7 in elderly patients), area under the curve of numerical rating scale vs. morphine boluses (97.7 +/- 59.6 vs. 98.2 +/- 62), number of boluses required to obtain pain relief (3 +/- 1.3 vs. 3 +/- 1.3), percentage of titration failures (10% vs. 9%) and incidence of excessive sedation (18% vs. 21%). Renal clearance was significantly reduced in elderly compared with young patients (55 +/- 21 vs. 85 +/- 15 mL min(-1); P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Using lower bolus doses, pain relief in the immediate postoperative period with morphine was as efficacious and safe in elderly patients as in younger patients. The decrease in renal clearance of morphine in the elderly justifies the reduction of intravenous morphine boluses for the treatment of postoperative pain

Roll tilt self-motion direction discrimination: First evidence for perceptual learning

Perceptual learning, the ability to improve the sensitivity of sensory perception through training, has been shown to exist in all sensory modalities but the vestibular system. Previous studies have failed to demonstrate an improvement of passive self-motion thresholds in the dark for yaw rotation and y-translation, but subjects improved for the same motions in the light (Hartmann et al., 2013). The goal of the present study was to investigate whether vestibular perceptual learning in the dark would occur when there is a simultaneous otolith and semicircular canal input, as is the case with roll tilt motion stimuli. Blindfolded subjects (N = 10) trained a direction discrimination task with 0.2 Hz roll tilt motion stimuli for 6 days, for a total of 1800 trials. Before and after training, motion thresholds were measured for the trained motion (0.2 Hz roll tilt) and for three transfer conditions (1 Hz roll tilt, 0.2 Hz pitch, 0.2 Hz y-translation). Performance before and after training was analyzed using a Bayesian hierarchical logistic regression. We found that sensitivity was increased after training in the 0.2 Hz roll tilt condition (trained motion) and in the 1 Hz roll tilt condition (Transfer condition 1), but not in the other motion conditions. This is the first demonstration of perceptual learning of passive self-motion direction discrimination in the dark using low frequency roll tilt motion stimuli. Surprisingly, we found that a control group with no training within this 6 day period also improved in the 1 Hz roll tilt condition but not in any other motion condition. It is possible that high frequency roll tilt motion (1 Hz) leads to faster learning and does not require extensive training, which requires further study to evaluate. The results have potential therapeutic consequence as higher 0.2 Hz roll tilt thresholds have been associated with worse performance in balance tests that may increase morbidity (Karmali et al., 2017, Bermúdez Rey et al., 2016)