259 research outputs found
Quivers of monoids with basic algebras
We compute the quiver of any monoid that has a basic algebra over an
algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. More generally, we reduce
the computation of the quiver over a splitting field of a class of monoids that
we term rectangular monoids (in the semigroup theory literature the class is
known as ) to representation theoretic computations for group
algebras of maximal subgroups. Hence in good characteristic for the maximal
subgroups, this gives an essentially complete computation. Since groups are
examples of rectangular monoids, we cannot hope to do better than this.
For the subclass of -trivial monoids, we also provide a semigroup
theoretic description of the projective indecomposables and compute the Cartan
matrix.Comment: Minor corrections and improvements to exposition were made. Some
theorem statements were simplified. Also we made a language change. Several
of our results are more naturally expressed using the language of Karoubi
envelopes and irreducible morphisms. There are no substantial changes in
actual result
Sticks and stones: How words and language impact upon social inclusion
Language framed as derogatory names and symbols can have implications for people and their life experiences. Within a Saussurian-inspired frame, and looking at ideas of stigma and social inclusion, this paper examines the use of language as a weapon within a social context of (changing) intent and meaning. Three examples of language use in mainstream society are analysed: \u27retarded\u27 which evolved from scientific diagnosis to insult; \u27gay\u27 as a derogatory adjective within popular culture; and, the way language around suicide is used to both trivialise and stigmatise those who are suicidal, as well as those who are bereaved
Sticks and stones: How words and language impact upon social inclusion
Language framed as derogatory names and symbols can have implications for people and their life experiences. Within a Saussurian-inspired frame, and looking at ideas of stigma and social inclusion, this paper examines the use of language as a weapon within a social context of (changing) intent and meaning. Three examples of language use in mainstream society are analysed: \u27retarded\u27 which evolved from scientific diagnosis to insult; \u27gay\u27 as a derogatory adjective within popular culture; and, the way language around suicide is used to both trivialise and stigmatise those who are suicidal, as well as those who are bereaved
A suppressed contribution of low mass galaxies to reionization due to supernova feedback
Motivated by recent observations of the star formation rate density function
out to z~7, we describe a simple model for the star formation rate density
function at high redshift based on the extended Press-Schechter formalism. This
model postulates a starburst following each major merger, lasting for a time
t_SF and converting at most f_star of galactic gas into stars. We include a
simple physical prescription for supernovae feedback that suppresses star
formation in low mass galaxies. Constraining t_SF and f_star to describe the
observed star formation rate density at high redshifts, we find that individual
starbursts were terminated after a time t_SF~10^7 years. This is comparable to
the main-sequence lifetimes of supernova progenitors, indicating that high
redshift starbursts are quenched once supernovae feedback had time to develop.
High redshift galaxies convert ~10% of their mass into stars for galaxies with
star formation rates above ~1 solar mass per year, but a smaller fraction for
lower luminosity galaxies. Our best fit model successfully predicts the
observed relation between star formation rate and stellar mass at z>~4, while
our deduced relation between stellar mass and halo mass is also consistent with
data on the dwarf satellites of the Milky Way. We find that supernovae feedback
lowers the efficiency of star formation in the lowest mass galaxies and makes
their contribution to reionization small. As a result, photo-ionization
feedback on low mass galaxy formation does not significantly affect the
reionization history. Using a semi-analytic model for the reionization history,
we infer that approximately half of the ionizing photons needed to complete
reionization have already been observed in star-forming galaxies.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to MNRA
Pine cone scale-inspired motile origami
Stimuli-sensitive hydrogels have received attention because of their potential applications in various fields. Stimuli-directed motion offers many practical applications, such as in drug delivery systems and actuators. Directed motion of asymmetric hydrogels has long been designed; however, few studies have investigated the motion control of symmetric hydrogels. We designed a pine cone scale-inspired movable temperature-sensitive symmetric hydrogel that contains Fe3O4. Alignment of Fe3O4 along the magnetic force is key in motion control in which Fe3O4 acts like fibers in a pine cone scale. Although a homogeneous temperature-sensitive hydrogel cannot respond to a temperature gradient, the Fe3O4-containing hydrogel demonstrates considerable bending motion. Varying degrees and directions of motion are easily facilitated by controlling the amount and alignment angle of the Fe3O4. The shape of the hydrogel layer also influences the morphological structure. This study introduced facile and low-cost methods to control various bending motions. These results can be applied to many fields of engineering, including industrial engineering.111Ysciescopu
Dancing with death. A historical perspective on coping with covid-19
In this paper, we address the question on how societies coped with pandemic crises, how they tried to control or adapt to the disease, or even managed to overcome the death trap in history. On the basis of historical research, we describe how societies in the western world accommodated to or exited hardship and restrictive measures over the course of the last four centuries. In particular, we are interested in how historically embedded citizens' resources were directed towards living with and to a certain extent accepting the virus. Such an approach of “applied history” to the management of crises and public hazards, we believe, helps address today's pressing question of what adaptive strategies can be adopted to return to a normalized life, including living with socially acceptable medical, hygienic and other pandemic‐related measures
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