Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 4

In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte genera Campylopus, Paludella, Tortula, and Conocephalum, the fungal genera Agonimia, Buelliella, Entorrhiza, Filicupula, Poronia, and Sporisorium, the lichen genera Cladonia, Dibaeis, Lasallia, and Rhizocarpon

Notulae to the Italian flora of algae, bryophytes, fungi and lichens: 13

In this contribution, new data concerning bryophytes, fungi and lichens of the Italian flora are presented. It includes new records and confirmations for the bryophyte genera Bryum, Cryphaea, Didymodon, and Grimmia; the fungal genera Bryostigma, Cercidospora, Conocybe, Cortinarius, Endococcus, Inocybe, Psathyrella, and Sphaerellothecium; the lichen genera Agonimia, Anisomeridium, Bilimbia, Diplotomma, Gyalecta, Huneckia, Lecidella, Lempholemma, Myriolecis, Nephroma, Pannaria, Pycnothelia, Pyrrhospora, Rinodina, Stereocaulon, Thalloidima, Trapelia, Usnea, Variospora, and Verrucaria

Voltammetric aptasensors for protein disease biomarkers detection: a review

"Available online 24 May 2016"An electrochemical aptasensor is a compact analytical device where the bioreceptor (aptamer) is coupled to a transducer surface to convert a biological interaction into a measurable signal (current) that can be easily processed, recorded and displayed. Since the discovery of the Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Enrichment (SELEX) methodology, the selection of aptamers and their application as bioreceptors has become a promising tool in the design of electrochemical aptasensors. Aptamers present several advantages that highlight their usefulness as bioreceptors such as chemical stability, cost effectiveness and ease of modification towards detection and immobilization at different transducer surfaces. In this review, a special emphasis is given to the potential use of electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of protein disease biomarkers using voltammetry techniques. Methods for the immobilization of aptamers onto electrode surfaces are discussed, as well as different electrochemical strategies that can be used for the design of aptasensors.The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit, from Project POCI-01-0145- FEDER-006984 – Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) – and by national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia and project ref. RECI/BBB-EBI/ 0179/2012 (project number FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462) and S. Meirinhos's doctoral grant (ref SFRH/BD/65021/2009) funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

Stigmidium gyrophorarum (Arnold) D. Hawksw. is a new species of lichenicolous fungi for Ukraine

Data about Stigmidium gyrophorarum (Arnold) D. Hawksw. as a new species of lichenicolous fungi for Ukraine are presented. Growth of this lichenicolous fungus on thallus of Umbilicaria cylindrica (L.) Delise on the horizontal surface of the sandstone. This species is characterized by brown vegetative mycelium, black globose semi-immersed perithecioid ascomata, pale brown ascomatal wall that is composed of 4–6 la­yers of cells, subcylindrical, bitunicate, 8-spored asci and 1-septate ascospores, hyaline at first but becoming olivaceous with age. Each spore has an upper cell larger than the lower cell and contained a few oil drops. The descriptions, illustrations, localities, ecological and distribution data for new species are provided

Phase equilibria in the Cr-Si-Ti system below 40 at.% Si

Highlights• Phase relations in Cr-Si-Ti system have been studied experimentally.• Partial liquidus and solidus projections have been constructed.• Partial isothermal sections at 1450, 1150 °C, isopleths at 10 at.% Si, 50 at.% Ti were constructed.• γTiCr2 is stabilized by additions of Si, and in the ternary system melts congruently at >1600 °C.International audiencePhase transformations in the Cr-Si-Ti ternary system have been studied using differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) at silicon content <40 at.%. Partial liquidus and solidus projections and the melting diagram (solidus + liquidus) have been constructed. Some sections as partial isothermal at 1450 and 1150 °C, isopleths at 10 at.% Si and 50 at.% Ti are described. The liquidus surface is characterized by the presence of primary crystallization regions of a solid solution (Cr,βTi) and binary based phases (Cr3Si), (Ti5Si5) and the Laves-phase C14, which is stabilized by additions of silicon, and in the ternary system melts congruently above 1600 °C. The solidus surface is characterized by the presence of three-phase fields: (γTiCr2) + (Cr3Si) + (Cr,βTi), (Ti5Si3) + (γTiCr2) + (βTi,Cr) and (Ti5Si3) + (γTiCr2) + (Cr3Si). The former two regions form invariant four-phase eutectic equilibria L ↔ (βTiCr2) + (Cr3Si) + (Cr,βTi) and L ↔ (Ti5Si3) + (γTiCr2) + (βTi,Cr) at 1534 and 1243 °C, respectively. The maximum of the solidus temperature of about 1580 °C is observed in the field (γTiCr2) + (Cr,βTi). At 1495 °C the solid-state transformation (γTiCr2) + (Cr3Si) ↔ (Ti5Si3) + (Cr,βTi) takes place

Influence of sodium concentration on changes of membrane capacitance associated with the electrogenic ion transport by the Na,K-ATPase

Electrogenic ion transport by the Na,K-ATPase was investigated in a model system of protein-containing membrane fragments adsorbed to a lipid bilayer. Transient Na+ currents were induced by photorelease of ATP from inactive caged ATP. This process was accompanied by a capacitance change of the membrane system. Two methods were applied to measure capacitances in the frequency range 1 to 6000 Hz. It was, however, dependent on Na+ concentration and on the membrane potential which was generated by the charge transferred. Below 5 mM Na+ a negative capacitance change was detected which may be assigned to electrogenic Na+ binding to cytoplasmic sites. It could be shown that the results obtained by experiments with the presented alternating current method contain the information which is determined by current-relaxation experiments with cell membranes

STIGMIDIUM GYROPHORARUM (ARNOLD) D. HAWKSW. IS A NEW SPECIES OF LICHENICOLOUS FUNGI FOR UKRAINE

Дармостук, В. В. Stigmidium gyrophorarum (Arnold) D. Hawksw. – новий вид ліхенофільних грибів для України / Л. М. Гавриленко, В. В. Дармостук // Біологічні Студії. – 2016. – 10 (3-3). - Р. 175-179.Наведено дані про новий вид ліхенофільних грибів для території України – Stigmidium gyrophorarum (Arnold) D. Hawksw., що вражає слань Umbilicaria cylindrica (L.) Delise, яка росте на горизонтальній поверхні пісковиків. Цей ліхенофільний гриб характеризується напівзануреними чорними розсіяними кулястими псевдотеціями, стінкою псевдотеція, що складається з 4–6 шарів параплектинхімних клітин, наявністю розсіяного поверхневого коричневого вегетативного міцелію, бітунікатними яйцеподібними 8-споровими сумками та безбарвними двоклітинними спорами, що звужені біля септи, верхня клітина яких вужча за нижню, з 1–2 олійними краплями у кожній клітині. У статті наведено опис, екологічні особливості, місцезнаходження та поширення для нового виду. Представлены данные о новом виде лихенофильных грибов для территории Украины – Stigmidium gyrophorarum (Arnold) D. Hawksw., развивающемся на таломе Umbilicaria cylindrica (L.) Delise, которая растет на горизонтальной поверхности песчаников. Данный лихенофильный гриб характеризуется наличием черных полупогруженных рассеянных псевдотециев, стенка которых состоит из 4–6 слоев коричневых параплектинхимных клеток, наличием поверхностного коричневого вегетативного мицелия, битуникатными яйцевидними 8-споровыми сумками и бесцветными двухклеточными спорами, суженными возле септы, верхняя клетка которых уже чем нижняя, с 1–2 масляными каплями в каждой клетке. В статье представлено описание вида, местонахождения в Украине, экологические особенности и общее распространение данного вида. Data about Stigmidium gyrophorarum (Arnold) D. Hawksw. as a new species of lichenicolous fungi for Ukraine are presented. Growth of this lichenicolous fungus on thallus of Umbilicaria cylindrica (L.) Delise on the horizontal surface of the sandstone. This species is characterized by brown vegetative mycelium, black globose semi-immersed perithecioid ascomata, pale brown ascomatal wall that is composed of 4–6 layers of cells, subcylindrical, bitunicate, 8-spored asci and 1-septate ascospores, hyaline at first but becoming olivaceous with age. Each spore has an upper cell larger than the lower cell and contained a few oil drops. The descriptions, illustrations, localities, ecological and distribution data for new species are provided

Porphyrins with directly meso -attached disaccharide moieties: Synthesis, self-assembly and cellular study

A series of porphyrins with directly meso-attached "sucrose" moiety by the carbon C-6′ of its "fructose" end was synthesized, and their physico-chemical and aggregation properties studied by spectroscopic (fluorescence, circular dichroism, resonance light scattering) techniques. The effect of selected porphyrins on tumor cells was also evaluated