Agropiro en Patagones. Evaluación cuantitativa y cualitativa en cuatro sitios

En Patagones, sudoeste (SO) de la provincia de Buenos Aires, bajo el dominio de un ambiente semiárido, el agropiro (Thinopyrum ponticum) es una especie que se produce como alternativa forrajera perenne. La región posee precipitaciones que en promedio llegan a los 430 mm anuales, lo que determina que el abanico de especies perennes viables sea muy reducido. La difusión de esta especie en Patagones permitió dar mayor estabilidad a la cadena forrajera, aportando forraje en cantidad y calidad considerables. Su performance dentro de cada sitio está condicionado por la cantidad y distribución de las precipitaciones. Dada la importancia de esta especie como recurso forrajero para ser introducida en los sistemas ganaderos de la región, se consideró de interés el estudio de parámetros cualitativos y cuantitativos sobre esta especie.EEA Hilario AscasubiFil: Gonzalez, Guillermo Martin. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Hilario Ascasubi. Agencia De Extensión Rural Carmen de Patagones; ArgentinaFil: Luna, Martín Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Sede Atlántica; ArgentinaFil: Hernández, Héctor Javier. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Sede Atlántica; Argentin

Temporal trends in respiratory care and bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very preterm infants over a 10-year period in Spain

[Abstract] Objective: To evaluate trends in respiratory care practices and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) among very preterm infants born in Spain between 2010 and 2019. Study design: This was a retrospective cohort study of data obtained from a national population-based database (SEN1500 network). Changes in respiratory care and BPD-free survival of infants with gestational age (GA) of 230-316 weeks and <1500 g were assessed over two 5-year periods. Temporal trends were examined by joinpoint and Poisson regression models and expressed as the annual per cent change and adjusted relative risk (RR) for the change per year. Results: A total of 17 952 infants were included. In the second period, infants were less frequently intubated in the delivery room and during neonatal intensive care unit stay. This corresponded with an increase in use of non-invasive ventilation techniques. There were no significant differences between the periods in BPD-free survival or survival without moderate-to-severe BPD. After adjusting for covariates, the RR for the change per year was significant for the following variables: never intubated (RR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.04); intubation in the delivery room (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99); use of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.11); and BPD-free survival (only in the group with the lowest GA; RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97 to 0.99). Conclusion: Our findings reveal significant changes in respiratory care practices between 2009 and 2019. Despite an increase in use of non-invasive respiratory strategies, BPD-free survival did not improve and even worsened in the group with the lowest GA (230-256)

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia among very preterm infants never intubated during the first neonatal admission: a multicenter cohort study

[Abstract] Introduction: While non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is increasingly used as a mode of respiratory support for preterm infants, it remains unclear whether this technique translates into improved respiratory outcomes. We assessed the association between NIPPV use and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)-free survival in never intubated very preterm infants. Methods: This multicenter cohort study analyzed data from the Spanish Neonatal Network SEN1500 corresponding to preterm infants born at <32 weeks gestational age and <1,500 g and not intubated during first admission. The exposure of interest was use of NIPPV at any time and the main study outcome was survival without moderate-to-severe BPD. Analyses were performed both by patients and by units. Primary and secondary outcomes were compared using multilevel logistic-regression models. The standardized observed-to-expected (O/E) ratio was calculated to classify units by NIPPV utilization and outcome rates were compared among groups. Results: Of the 6,735 infants included, 1,776 (26.4%) received NIPPV during admission and 6,441 (95.6%) survived without moderate-to-severe BPD. After adjusting for confounding variables, NIPPV was not associated with survival without moderate-to-severe BPD (OR 0.84; 95%CI 0.62–1.14). A higher incidence of moderate-to-severe BPD-free survival was observed in high- vs. very low-utilization units, but no consistent association was observed between O/E ratio and either primary or secondary outcomes. Conclusion: NIPPV use did not appear to decisively influence the incidence of survival without moderate-to-severe BPD in patients managed exclusively with non-invasive ventilation

Mortality due to COVID-19 in Spain and its association with environmental factors and determinants of health

The objective of this study was to identify which air pollutants, atmospheric variables and health determinants could infuence COVID-19 mortality in Spain. This study used information from 41 of the 52 provinces in Spain (from Feb. 1, to May 31, 2021). Generalized Linear Models (GLM) with Poisson link were carried out for the provinces, using the Rate of Mortality due to COVID-19 (CM) per 1,000,000 inhabitants as dependent variables, and average daily concentrations of PM10 and NO2 as independent variables. Meteorological variables included maximum daily temperature (Tmax) and average daily absolute humidity (HA). The GLM model controlled for trend, seasonalities and the autoregressive character of the series. Days with lags were established. The relative risk (RR) was calculated by increases of 10 g/m3 in PM10 and NO2 and by 1 ℃ in the case of Tmax and 1 g/m3 in the case of HA. Later, a linear regression was carried out that included the social determinants of health.The authors would like to thank the Carlos III Health Institute for their fnancial support Project ENPY 221/20. This work was carried out with funds of the ENPY 221/20 project

Preclinical research in glycogen storage diseases : a comprehensive review of current animal models

Altres ajuts: The present manuscript was funded by grants received from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS, grant; Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and cofunded by 'Fondos FEDER'. M.V.-S. is funded by a personal grant for doctoral studies from CONACYT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología México).GSD are a group of disorders characterized by a defect in gene expression of specific enzymes involved in glycogen breakdown or synthesis, commonly resulting in the accumulation of glycogen in various tissues (primarily the liver and skeletal muscle). Several different GSD animal models have been found to naturally present spontaneous mutations and others have been developed and characterized in order to further understand the physiopathology of these diseases and as a useful tool to evaluate potential therapeutic strategies. In the present work we have reviewed a total of 42 different animal models of GSD, including 26 genetically modified mouse models, 15 naturally occurring models (encompassing quails, cats, dogs, sheep, cattle and horses), and one genetically modified zebrafish model. To our knowledge, this is the most complete list of GSD animal models ever reviewed. Importantly, when all these animal models are analyzed together, we can observe some common traits, as well as model specific differences, that would be overlooked if each model was only studied in the context of a given GSD

Archaeological rescue intervention in las Palomas Cave (Teba, Málaga). A social commitment project

En este trabajo presentamos los resultados previos de la intervención arqueológica de salvamento realizada en la Cueva de las Palomas de Teba con motivo de las inundaciones acaecidas en octubre de 2018. La erosión provocada por las lluvias torrenciales en el yacimiento hizo que abundante material arqueológico quedara expuesto a acciones de destrucción y expolio, lo que motivó que se llevara a cabo una intervención arqueológica de urgencia para evitar una pérdida patrimonial de mayor consideración.The previous results of the archaeological rescue intervention carried out in Las Palomas Cave of Teba due to the floods that occurred in October 2018 is presented in this paper. Erosion caused by to - rrential rains in the site caused abundant archaeological material to be exposed to actions of destruction and pillage, which led to an emergency archaeological intervention to avoid a loss of heritage of greater consideratio

Do Air Pollution and Meteorological Variables Have a Bearing on COVID-19 Mortality? Benchmarking of Time Series between the First and Second Waves in Nine Spanish Provinces

[ES] Algunos contaminantes como las PM10, el NO2 o el O3 tienen influencia en la salud de las personas, tal y como apuntan numerosos estudios al relacionarse con la mortalidad tanto a corto como a largo plazo. Se estudió una muestra de 9 de las 52 provincias españolas. Se realizaron modelos lineales generalizados (GLM) con link Poisson en los periodos de la primera y segunda ola entre los valores medios diarios de las variables independientes (PM10, NO2 y O3 como contaminantes atmosféricos y variables meteorológicas (temperatura máxima diaria y humedad absoluta)) y la variable dependiente (tasa de mortalidad por COVID-19, TMC) durante la primera y segunda ola. Entre las variables independientes y la dependiente se establecieron los retardos estadísticamente significativos (lag). A partir de los estimadores obtenidos en los GLM se calcularon los riesgos relativos asociados, por aumentos de 10 μg/m3 para los contaminantes atmosféricos, 1ºC para la temperatura máxima y 1 g/m3 para la humedad absoluta. Los resultados muestran que existe una mayor asociación del NO2 con la TMC que para el resto de los contaminantes atmosféricos. Las variables meteorológicas examinadas no han presentado una asociación robusta entre ambas olas, lo que indica un rol menor en relación a la TMC. En conclusión, la contaminación atmosférica por NO2 y PM10 presentan una asociación estadísticamente significativa con la TMC, aunque limitada y sub[EN] Some pollutants like PM10, NO2 and O3 are detrimental to people’s health, as numerous studies have shown, and they are related to short-term and long-term mortality. A sample of 9 out of the 52 Spanish provinces was studied. Generalized linear models (GLM) with a Poisson link function were developed during the time periods corresponding to the first and second waves of the daily average values of the independent variables (PM10, NO2 and O3, as atmospheric pollutants, and meteorological variables such as the daily maximum temperature and the absolute humidity) versus the dependent variable (COVID-19 mortality rate, or CMR) during said first and second waves. Statistically significant lags between the independent variables and the dependent variable were established. The associated relative risks were calculated from the estimators obtained in the GLMs, with increases of 10 μg/m3 for atmospheric pollutants, 1°C for the maximum temperature and 1 g/m3 for the absolute humidity. The results show that NO2 has a stronger relationship with the CMR than the other air pollutants. The meteorological variables examined did not show a robust relationship between both waves, which indicates that they played a minor role in the CMR. In conclusion, air pollutants such as to NO2 and PM10 had a statistically significant relationship with the CMR, although it is limited and subordinate to other factors such as the public health measures that were taken, the presence of comorbidities and the age of the patient.[PT] Alguns poluentes como as PM10, o NO2 ou o O3 têm influência na saúde das pessoas, como apontam numerosos estudos, pois estão relacionados com a mortalidade tanto a curto como a longo prazo. Foi estudada uma amostra de 9 das 52 províncias espanholas. Realizaram-se modelos lineares generalizados (GLM) com link Poisson nos períodos da primeira e segunda vagas entre os valores médios diários das variáveis independentes (PM10, NO2 e O3 como poluentes atmosféricos e temperatura máxima diária e humidade como condições meteorológicas) e da variável dependente (taxa de mortalidade por Covid-19, TMC) durante a primeira e segunda vagas. Entre as variáveis independentes e a dependente foram estabelecidos atrasos estatisticamente significativos (lag). A partir dos estimadores obtidos nos GLM calcularam-se os riscos relativos associados, para aumentos de 10 μg/m3 para poluentes atmosféricos, 1 °C para temperatura máxima e 1 g/m3 para humidade absoluta. Os resultados mostram que existe uma maior associação do NO2 com a TMC do que para o resto dos poluentes atmosféricos. As variáveis meteorológicas examinadas não apresentaram uma associação robusta entre ambas as vagas, o que indica um papel menor em relação à TMC. Em conclusão, a poluição atmosférica por NO2 e PM10 apresenta associação estatisticamente significativa com a TMC, embora seja limitada e subordinada a outros fatores como as medidas de saúde pública adotadas, a presença de comorbilidades e a idade do paciente

Markers of endothelial damage in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis

Patients with Stage 5 chronic kidney disease who are on hemodialysis (HD) remain in a chronic inflammatory state, characterized by the accumulation of uremic toxins that induce endothelial damage and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our aim was to examine microvesicles (MVs), monocyte subpopulations, and angiopoietins (Ang) to identify prognostic markers in HD patients with or without diabetes mellitus (DM). A total of 160 prevalent HD patients from 10 centers across Spain were obtained from the Biobank of the Nephrology Renal Network (Madrid, Spain): 80 patients with DM and 80 patients without DM who were matched for clinical and demographic criteria. MVs from plasma and several monocyte subpopulations (CD142+/CD16+, CD14+/CD162+) were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the plasma concentrations of Ang1 and Ang2 were quantified by ELISA. Data on CVD were gathered over the 5.5 yr after these samples were obtained. MV level, monocyte subpopulations (CD14+/CD162+ and CD142+/CD16+), and Ang2-to-Ang1 ratios increased in HD patients with DM compared with non-DM patients. Moreover, MV level above the median (264 MVs/µl) was associated independently with greater mortality. MVs, monocyte subpopulations, and Ang2-to-Ang1 ratio can be used as predictors for CVD. In addition, MV level has a potential predictive value in the prevention of CVD in HD patients. These parameters undergo more extensive changes in patients with DM.Support for this work was provided by Plan Nacional de IDi Proyectos de Investigación en Salud of Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)–Subdirección General de Evaluación, Fondos de desarrollo regional (FEDER; PI11/01536, PI12/01489, PI14/00806, PI15/01785); Junta de Andalucía grants (P010-CTS-6337, P11-CTS-7352); and Fundación Nefrológica. P. Buendía, A. Carmona, and C. Luna-Ruiz are fellows from Consejería de Innovacion, Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucía

Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Mature T Cell and Natural Killer/T Neoplasias: A Registry Study from Spanish GETH/GELTAMO Centers

Despite advances in understanding the biology of mature T and natural killer (NK)/T cell neoplasia, current therapies, even the most innovative ones, are still far from ensuring its cure. The only treatment to date that has been shown to control aggressive T cell neoplasms in the long term is allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). We aim to report the results of alloSCT for advanced mature T and NK/T neoplasias performed in centers from our national GELTAMO/GETH (Grupo Español de Linfoma y Trasplante de Médula Ósea/Grupo Español de Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia Celular) over the past 25 years. As a secondary objective, we analyzed the results of alloSCT from haploidentical donors. We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who received an alloSCT in Spanish centers (n = 201) from September 1995 to August 2018. The 2-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 65.5% and 58.2%, respectively. The univariate for OS and DFS showed statistically different hazard ratios for conditioning intensity, response pre-alloSCT, comorbidity index, donor/receptor cytomegalovirus status and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) pre-alloSCT, but only a better ECOG pre-alloSCT remained significant in the multivariate analysis. There was an increased incidence of relapse in those patients who did not develop chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and an increased risk of death in those developing moderate to severe acute GVHD. The 1-year nonrelapse mortality was 21.9% and was mainly due to GVHD (30%) and bacterial infections (17%). When comparing unrelated donors with haploidentical donors, we found similar results in terms of OS and DFS. There was, however, a reduction of acute GVHD in the haploidentical group (P = .04) and trend to a reduction of chronic GVHD. In conclusion, alloSCT is the only curative option for most aggressive T cell neoplasias. Haploidentical donors offer similar results to related donors in terms of survival with a reduction of acute GVHD

Provirus reactivation is impaired in HIV-1 infected individuals on treatment with dasatinib and antiretroviral therapy

The latent viral reservoir formed by HIV-1, mainly in CD4 + T cells, is responsible for the failure of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to achieve a complete elimination of the virus in infected individuals. We previously determined that CD4 + T cells from individuals with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) on treatment with dasatinib are resistant to HIV-1 infection ex vivo. The main mechanism for this antiviral effect is the preservation of SAMHD1 activity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of dasatinib on the viral reservoir of HIV-infected individuals with CML who were on simultaneous treatment with ART and dasatinib. Due to the low estimated incidence of HIV-1 infection and CML (1:65,000), three male individuals were recruited in Spain and Germany. These individuals had been on treatment with standard ART and dasatinib for median 1.3 years (IQR 1.3-5.3 years). Reservoir size and composition in PBMCs from these individuals was analyzed in comparison with HIV-infected individuals on triple ART regimen and undetectable viremia. The frequency of latently infected cells was reduced more than 5-fold in these individuals. The reactivation of proviruses from these cells was reduced more than 4-fold and, upon activation, SAMHD1 phosphorylation was reduced 40-fold. Plasma levels of the homeostatic cytokine IL-7 and CD4 effector subpopulations TEM and TEMRA in peripheral blood were also reduced. Therefore, treatment of HIV-infected individuals with dasatinib as adjuvant of ART could disturb the reservoir reactivation and reseeding, which might have a beneficial impact to reduce its size