Tutores inteligentes para cursos multimedia interactivos

El continuo desarrollo de la ciencia, la técnica y de las investigaciones está provocando, hoy en día, un gran aumento de los conocimientos humanos, haciéndose cada vez más patente la necesidad de emplear medios más sofisticados y eficaces durante el proceso de enseñanza de los mimos

UVICO: Universidad Virtual de Córdoba

The Industrial Technology Center (Crí) and the research group EATCO of the university of Córdoba with the collaboration of the Polytechnic University of Madrid and the company GARBEN, they have developed the Córdoba Virtual University (UVICO). UVICO is an client-server Java application that seeks to simulate as much the aspect as the services of a real University to serve from support to the current present classes. The pro fessors that want to use it in some course can supplement the present hours of theory and practical with the new computer services based on net that UVICO provides, like they are: virtual sailing, discussion chats, electronic mail, download of notes and complementar,’ materials, mensajería, etc. Its main objective is that the students car,y out complete courses or supplement regular lectures, besides following sessions of tutorships and to communicate with other co-worker of the course.El Centro Tecnológico Industrial y el grupo de Investigación EATCO de la UNIVERSIDAD de Córdoba con la colaboración de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y la empresa GARBEN, han desarrollado la Universidad Virtual de Córdoba (UVICO). UVICO es una aplicación Java cliente-servidor que pretende simular tanto el aspecto como los servicios de una Universidad real para servir de apoyo a las clases presenciales actuales. Los profesores que deseen utilizarlo en alguna asignatura pueden complementar las horas presenciales de teoría y prácticas con los nuevos servicios informáticos basados en red que proporciona UVICO, como son: navegación virtual, charlas de discusión, correo electrónico, descarga de apuntes y materiales complementarios, mensajería, etc. Su principal objetivo es que los alumnos realicen cursos completos o complementen cursos presenciales, además de seguir sesiones de tutorías y/o comunicarse con otros compañeros del curso

Estimación de producción de energía eléctrica por una central solar de concentración de 1 MWe : Caso de estudio: provincia de Salta (Argentina)

En este trabajo se estima la producción de energía eléctrica utilizando un modelo analítico de una central solar térmica de concentración cilindro-parabólica de foco lineal, de 1 MWe de potencia nominal. Los datos de irradiancia solar directa normal al haz, en frecuencia horaria, para Salta Ciudad y San Carlos (Provincia de Salta), fueron extraídos de la base de datos satelital CM SAF abarcando el periodo de 2000-2005, generando un año típico para cada sitio. Los valores de energía obtenidos, en ambos sitios, están relacionados con la disponibilidad de energía solar en cada sitio.In this work, the production of electric energy is estimated using an analytical model of a solar thermal power plant with a linear-focussed cylinder-parabolic concentration system and 1MWe nominal power. Normal direct solar irradiance data at hourly frequency for Salta City and San Carlos (Province of Salta) were extracted from the satellite data base CM SAF covering the period 2000-2005, generating a typical year for each site. The electric energy amounts obtained at both sites are related to the availability of solar energy at each site.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Comorbidities in patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A comparative registries-based study

OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of the main comorbidities in 2 large cohorts of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with a focus on cardiovascular (CV) diseases. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional multicenter study where the prevalence of more relevant comorbidities in 2 cohorts was compared. Patients under followup from SJOGRENSER (Spanish Rheumatology Society Registry of Primary SS) and RELESSER (Spanish Rheumatology Society Registry of SLE), and who fulfilled the 2002 American-European Consensus Group and 1997 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria, respectively, were included. A binomial logistic regression analysis was carried out to explore potential differences, making general adjustments for age, sex, and disease duration and specific adjustments for each variable, including CV risk factors and treatments, when appropriate. RESULTS: A total of 437 primary SS patients (95% female) and 2,926 SLE patients (89% female) were included. The mean age was 58.6 years (interquartile range [IQR] 50.0-69.9 years) for primary SS patients and 45.1 years (IQR 36.4-56.3 years) for SLE patients (P?<?0.001), and disease duration was 10.4 years (IQR 6.0-16.7 years) and 13.0 years (IQR 7.45-19.76 years), respectively (P?<?0.001). Smoking, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension were associated less frequently with primary SS (odds ratio [OR] 0.36 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.28-0.48], 0.74 [95% CI 0.58-0.94], and 0.50 [95% CI 0.38-0.66], respectively) as were life-threatening CV events (i.e., stroke or myocardial infarction; OR 0.57 [95% CI 0.35-0.92]). Conversely, lymphoma was associated more frequently with primary SS (OR 4.41 [95% CI 1.35-14.43]). The prevalence of severe infection was lower in primary SS than in SLE (10.1% versus 16.9%; OR 0.54 [95% CI 0.39-0.76]; P?<?0.001). CONCLUSION: Primary SS patients have a consistently less serious CV comorbidity burden and a lower prevalence of severe infection than those with SLE. In contrast, their risk of lymphoma is greater

Invasive Fusariosis in Nonneutropenic Patients, Spain, 2000-2015

Invasive fusariosis (IF) is associated with severe neutropenia in patients with concurrent hematologic conditions. We conducted a retrospective observational study to characterize the epidemiology of IF in 18 Spanish hospitals during 2000-2015. In that time, the frequency of IF in nonneutropenic patients increased from 0.08 cases per 100,000 admissions in 2000-2009 to 0.22 cases per 100,000 admissions in 2010-2015. Nonneutropenic IF patients often had nonhematologic conditions, such as chronic cardiac or lung disease, rheumatoid arthritis, history of solid organ transplantation, or localized fusariosis. The 90-day death rate among nonneutropenic patients (28.6%) and patients with resolved neutropenia (38.1%) was similar. However, the death rate among patients with persistent neutropenia (91.3%) was significantly higher. We used a multivariate Cox regression analysis to characterize risk factors for death: persistent neutropenia was the only risk factor for death, regardless of antifungal therapy

The first hominin of Europe

The earliest hominin occupation of Europe is one of the most debated topics in palaeoanthropology. However, the purportedly oldest of the Early Pleistocene sites in Eurasia lack precise age control and contain stone tools rather than human fossil remains(1-5). Here we report the discovery of a human mandible associated with an assemblage of Mode 1 lithic tools and faunal remains bearing traces of hominin processing, in stratigraphic level TE9 at the site of the Sima del Elefante, Atapuerca, Spain(6-8). Level TE9 has been dated to the Early Pleistocene ( approximately 1.2 - 1.1 Myr), based on a combination of palaeomagnetism, cosmogenic nuclides and biostratigraphy. The Sima del Elefante site thus emerges as the oldest, most accurately dated record of human occupation in Europe, to our knowledge. The study of the human mandible suggests that the first settlement of Western Europe could be related to an early demographic expansion out of Africa. The new evidence, with previous findings in other Atapuerca sites ( level TD6 from Gran Dolina(9-13)), also suggests that a speciation event occurred in this extreme area of the Eurasian continent during the Early Pleistocene, initiating the hominin lineage represented by the TE9 and TD6 hominins.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62855/1/nature06815.pd

La industria cinematográfica en España: análisis estructural

Esta publicación analiza el estado actual de la industria cinematográfica en España siguiendo la segmentación clásica de los tres sectores que la conforman; producción de cine, distribución y comercialización del producto cinematográfico y, de forma más precisa, la exhibición cinematográfica. Estos sectores cuentan con las suficientes señas de identidad para poder ser reconocido, reivindicado y analizado. Estos textos suponen la iniciación en la investigación de estudiantes que combinan su formación académica e investigadora con su formación como profesionales en el área de la Comunicación Audiovisual de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicación de la Universidad de Málaga. “El sector de la producción de cine en España” atiende a las particularidades del sector de la producción cinematográfica española. “El oligopolio de las majors en la distribución de cine en España” analiza el sector de la distribución de cine en España para confirmar la conocida concentración de la recaudación en pocas distribuidoras. “Nuevos paradigmas de marketing cinematográfico. Avengers: Endgame” hace un estudio de caso de la campaña de marketing en torno al filme que cierra la saga de los superhéroes Los Vengadores, de Marvel y Disney. Estructura de la exhibición cinematográfica en Andalucía” atiende al sector de la exhibición cinematográfica en Andalucía para destacar su configuración como oligopolio. “La evolución de los cines y sus salas en la ciudad de Málaga” analiza las transformaciones del sector en la capital malagueña. Por último, “Los productos audiovisuales en el sector de la exhibición de Málaga” hace confluir las líneas de los capítulos anteriores para registrar y clasificar el conjunto de la oferta de la cartelera malagueña durante el mes de mayo de 2019. https://www.eumed.net/libros/1843/index.htm

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

SummaryBackground The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. Methods We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of the Global Burden of Disease Study to estimate attributable deaths, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and trends in exposure by age group, sex, year, and geography for 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks from 1990 to 2015. This study included 388 risk-outcome pairs that met World Cancer Research Fund-defined criteria for convincing or probable evidence. We extracted relative risk and exposure estimates from randomised controlled trials, cohorts, pooled cohorts, household surveys, census data, satellite data, and other sources. We used statistical models to pool data, adjust for bias, and incorporate covariates. We developed a metric that allows comparisons of exposure across risk factors—the summary exposure value. Using the counterfactual scenario of theoretical minimum risk level, we estimated the portion of deaths and DALYs that could be attributed to a given risk. We decomposed trends in attributable burden into contributions from population growth, population age structure, risk exposure, and risk-deleted cause-specific DALY rates. We characterised risk exposure in relation to a Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Findings Between 1990 and 2015, global exposure to unsafe sanitation, household air pollution, childhood underweight, childhood stunting, and smoking each decreased by more than 25%. Global exposure for several occupational risks, high body-mass index (BMI), and drug use increased by more than 25% over the same period. All risks jointly evaluated in 2015 accounted for 57·8% (95% CI 56·6–58·8) of global deaths and 41·2% (39·8–42·8) of DALYs. In 2015, the ten largest contributors to global DALYs among Level 3 risks were high systolic blood pressure (211·8 million [192·7 million to 231·1 million] global DALYs), smoking (148·6 million [134·2 million to 163·1 million]), high fasting plasma glucose (143·1 million [125·1 million to 163·5 million]), high BMI (120·1 million [83·8 million to 158·4 million]), childhood undernutrition (113·3 million [103·9 million to 123·4 million]), ambient particulate matter (103·1 million [90·8 million to 115·1 million]), high total cholesterol (88·7 million [74·6 million to 105·7 million]), household air pollution (85·6 million [66·7 million to 106·1 million]), alcohol use (85·0 million [77·2 million to 93·0 million]), and diets high in sodium (83·0 million [49·3 million to 127·5 million]). From 1990 to 2015, attributable DALYs declined for micronutrient deficiencies, childhood undernutrition, unsafe sanitation and water, and household air pollution; reductions in risk-deleted DALY rates rather than reductions in exposure drove these declines. Rising exposure contributed to notable increases in attributable DALYs from high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, occupational carcinogens, and drug use. Environmental risks and childhood undernutrition declined steadily with SDI; low physical activity, high BMI, and high fasting plasma glucose increased with SDI. In 119 countries, metabolic risks, such as high BMI and fasting plasma glucose, contributed the most attributable DALYs in 2015. Regionally, smoking still ranked among the leading five risk factors for attributable DALYs in 109 countries; childhood underweight and unsafe sex remained primary drivers of early death and disability in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Interpretation Declines in some key environmental risks have contributed to declines in critical infectious diseases. Some risks appear to be invariant to SDI. Increasing risks, including high BMI, high fasting plasma glucose, drug use, and some occupational exposures, contribute to rising burden from some conditions, but also provide opportunities for intervention. Some highly preventable risks, such as smoking, remain major causes of attributable DALYs, even as exposure is declining. Public policy makers need to pay attention to the risks that are increasingly major contributors to global burden. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation