Almost disjointness preserving functionals on Banach lattices of differentiable functions (Research on preserver problems on Banach algebras and related topics)

Let C¹[0, 1] be the space of all continuously differentiable function on [0, 1]. When define the order f ≥ g by f(0) ≥ g(0) and f′ ≥ g′ pointwise on [0, 1], and the norm is defined by ∥f∥σ = |f(0)| + ∥f′∥∞, the space C¹[0, 1] is a Banach lattice. We will give the representation of bounded ε-disjointness preserving linear functionals of C¹[0, 1]

A genome-wide BAC-end sequence survey provides first insights into sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) genome composition

The BLASTX searching results of 4428 BESs with protein databases of V. vinifera. (XLS 400 kb

Comparison of different prediction models for estimation of walking and running energy expenditure based on a wristwear three-axis accelerometer

Objective: Objectively and efficiently measuring physical activity is a common issue facing the fields of medicine, public health, education, and sports worldwide. In response to the problem of low accuracy in predicting energy consumption during human motion using accelerometers, a prediction model for asynchronous energy consumption in the human body is established through various algorithms, and the accuracy of the model is evaluated. The optimal energy consumption prediction model is selected to provide theoretical reference for selecting reasonable algorithms to predict energy consumption during human motion.Methods: A total of 100 subjects aged 18–30 years participated in the study. Experimental data for all subjects are randomly divided into the modeling group (n = 70) and validation group (n = 30). Each participant wore a triaxial accelerometer, COSMED Quark pulmonary function tester (Quark PFT), and heart rate band at the same time, and completed the tasks of walking (speed range: 2 km/h, 3 km/h, 4 km/h, 5 km/h, and 6 km/h) and running (speed range: 7 km/h, 8 km/h, and 9 km/h) sequentially. The prediction models were built using accelerometer data as the independent variable and the metabolic equivalents (METs) as the dependent variable. To calculate the prediction accuracy of the models, root mean square error (RMSE) and bias were used, and the consistency of each prediction model was evaluated based on Bland–Altman analysis.Results: The linear equation, logarithmic equation, cubic equation, artificial neural network (ANN) model, and walking-and-running two-stage model were established. According to the validation results, our proposed walking-and-running two-stage model showed the smallest overall EE prediction error (RMSE = 0.76 METs, Bias = 0.02 METs) and the best performance in Bland–Altman analysis. Additionally, it had the lowest error in predicting EE during walking (RMSE = 0.66 METs, Bias = 0.03 METs) and running (RMSE = 0.90 METs, Bias < 0.01 METs) separately, as well as high accuracy in predicting EE at each single speed.Conclusion: The ANN-based walking-and-running two-stage model established by separating walking and running can better estimate the walking and running EE, the improvement of energy consumption prediction accuracy will be conducive to more accurate to monitor the energy consumption of PA

Impact of meteorological factors on the COVID-19 transmission: A multicity study in China

The purpose of the present study is to explore the associations between novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) case counts and meteorological factors in 30 provincial capital cities of China. We compiled a daily dataset including confirmed case counts, ambient temperature (AT), diurnal temperature range (DTR), absolute humidity (AH) and migration scale index (MSI) for each city during the period of January 20th to March 2nd, 2020. First, we explored the associations between COVID-19 confirmed case counts, meteorological factors, and MSI using non-linear regression. Then, we conducted a two-stage analysis for 17 cities with more than 50 confirmed cases. In the first stage, generalized linear models with negative binomial distribution were fitted to estimate city-specific effects of meteorological factors on confirmed case counts. In the second stage, the meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled effects. Our results showed that among 13 cities that have less than 50 confirmed cases, 9 cities locate in the Northern China with average AT below0 °C, 12 cities had average AHbelow4 g/m3, and one city (Haikou) had the highest AH (14.05 g/m3). Those 17 cities with 50 and more cases accounted for 90.6% of all cases in our study. Each 1 °C increase in AT and DTR was related to the decline of daily confirmed case counts, and the corresponding pooled RRs were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.85) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.95), respectively. For AH, the association with COVID-19 case counts were statistically significant in lag 07 and lag 014. In addition,we found the all these associations increased with accumulated time duration up to 14 days. In conclusions, meteorological factors play an independent role in the COVID-19 transmission after controlling population migration. Local weather condition with low temperature, mild diurnal temperature range and low humidity likely favor the transmission

Impact of alkaline phosphatase on clinical outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke: a nationwide registry analysis

BackgroundData on the association between serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels and clinical outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) are inconsistent and limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between ALP and prognosis in patients with IS.MethodsPatients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) from the Third China National Stroke Registry were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of serum ALP levels on admission. Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models were used to evaluate the correlation between ALP and the risk of all-cause mortality, disability (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 3–5), and poor functional outcomes (mRS score 3–6).ResultsA total of 11,405 patients were included in the study. Higher levels of ALP were associated with all-cause mortality at 3 months (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] per standard deviation [SD]: 1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–1.27; p = 0.001) and 1 year (adjusted HR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.03–1.20; p = 0.010). At the 3-month follow-up, each SD increase of ALP was associated with a 12 and 14% higher risk of disability (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06–1.18; p < 0.001) and poor functional outcomes (adjusted OR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.08–1.20; p < 0.001). Similar results were observed at the 1-year follow-up. Higher ALP levels were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, disability, and poor functional outcomes in patients with “others” subtypes (including other determined etiology and undetermined etiology) (p < 0.05).ConclusionElevated ALP levels were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, disability, and poor function outcomes in patients with IS. Heterogeneity was observed among the subtypes of different etiologies

Association of CYP2C19 Loss-of-Function Metabolizer Status With Stroke Risk Among Chinese Patients Treated With Ticagrelor-Aspirin vs Clopidogrel-Aspirin: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The Clopidogrel With Aspirin in High-Risk Patients With Acute Nondisabling Cerebrovascular Events II (CHANCE-2) trial showed that ticagrelor-aspirin combination therapy reduced the risk of stroke compared with a clopidogrel-aspirin combination among carriers of CYP2C19 loss-of-function (LOF) alleles after a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor ischemic stroke. However, the association between the degree of CYP2C19 LOF and ideal treatment allocation remains unknown.Objective: To investigate whether the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor-aspirin vs clopidogrel-aspirin are consistent with the expected degree of CYP2C19 LOF after TIA or minor stroke.Design, Setting, and Participants: CHANCE-2 was a multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Patients were enrolled at 202 centers in China from September 23, 2019, through March 22, 2021. Patients with at least two *2 or *3 alleles (*2/*2, *2/*3, or *3/*3) according to point-of-care genotyping were classified as “poor metabolizers,” and those with one *2 or *3 allele (*1/*2 or *1/*3) were classified as “intermediate metabolizers.”Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive ticagrelor (180-mg loading dose on day 1 followed by 90 mg twice daily for days 2-90) or clopidogrel (300-mg loading dose on day 1 followed by 75 mg/d for days 2-90). All patients received aspirin (75- to 300-mg loading dose followed by 75 mg/d for 21 days).Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary efficacy outcome was a new ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. The secondary efficacy outcome was a composite of new clinical vascular events and individual ischemic stroke events within 3 months. The primary safety outcome was severe or moderate bleeding. Analyses were performed according to the intention-to-treat principle.Results: Of the 6412 patients enrolled, the median age was 64.8 years (IQR, 57.0-71.4 years), and 4242 patients (66.2%) were men. Of the 6412 patients, 5001 (78.0%) were intermediate metabolizers, and 1411 (22.0%) were poor metabolizers. The primary outcome occurred less often with ticagrelor-aspirin vs clopidogrel-aspirin, irrespective of metabolizer status (6.0% [150 of 2486] vs 7.6% [191 of 2515]; hazard ratio [HR], 0.78 [95% CI, 0.63-0.97] among intermediate metabolizers and 5.7% [41 of 719] vs 7.5% [52 of 692]; HR, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.50-1.18] among poor metabolizers; P = .88 for interaction). Patients taking ticagrelor-aspirin had a higher risk of any bleeding event compared with those taking clopidogrel-aspirin, irrespective of metabolizer status: 5.4% (134 of 2486) vs 2.6% (66 of 2512) (HR, 2.14 [95% CI, 1.59-2.89]) among intermediate metabolizers and 5.0% (36 of 719) vs 2.0% (14 of 692) (HR, 2.99 [95% CI, 1.51-5.93]) among poor metabolizers (P = .66 for interaction).Conclusions and Relevance: This prespecified analysis of a randomized clinical trial found no difference in treatment effect between poor and intermediate CYP2C19 metabolizers. The relative clinical efficacy and safety of ticagrelor-aspirin vs clopidogrel-aspirin were consistent across CYP2C19 genotypes.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT0407873

Limb development genes underlie variation in human fingerprint patterns

Fingerprints are of long-standing practical and cultural interest, but little is known about the mechanisms that underlie their variation. Using genome-wide scans in Han Chinese cohorts, we identified 18 loci associated with fingerprint type across the digits, including a genetic basis for the long-recognized “pattern-block” correlations among the middle three digits. In particular, we identified a variant near EVI1 that alters regulatory activity and established a role for EVI1 in dermatoglyph patterning in mice. Dynamic EVI1 expression during human development supports its role in shaping the limbs and digits, rather than influencing skin patterning directly. Trans-ethnic meta-analysis identified 43 fingerprint-associated loci, with nearby genes being strongly enriched for general limb development pathways. We also found that fingerprint patterns were genetically correlated with hand proportions. Taken together, these findings support the key role of limb development genes in influencing the outcome of fingerprint patterning

Nurturing Business Ecosystems for Growth in a Foreign Market: Incubating, Identifying and Integrating Stakeholders

This paper explores the process of nurturing a business ecosystem to facilitate corporate growth in an unfamiliar foreign market with high product uncertainty and no network resources. The authors conducted a qualitative, longitudinal study by examining a successful business case — ARM (a leader in microprocessor intellectual property) — to demonstrate how firms nurture their business ecosystems to develop in the Chinese market and to stimulate demand even with- out the advantages of resources and stabilized products. Based on the road map method, this paper develops a framework of creating a business ecosystem in three sequential stages namely, incubating complementary partners, identifying leader partners, and integrating ecosystem part- ners. The findings enrich classic international business and demand chain theories by highlighting different roles stakeholders adopt to cope with uncertain products in a foreign market. In practical terms, these findings also provide Mode 2 knowledge with application context (Gibbons et al., 1997) on entering new markets by building up an ecosystem

Dual Antiplatelet Treatment up to 72 Hours after Ischemic Stroke

BackgroundDual antiplatelet treatment has been shown to reduce recurrence of stroke compared to aspirin alone when initiated early after an acute stroke. The effect of clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone within 72 hours of acute cerebral ischemia from atherosclerosis has not been well studied.MethodsWe conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-by-2 factorial trial in patients with mild ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack (TIA) of presumed atherosclerotic cause, not receiving thrombolysis or thrombectomy in 222 hospitals in China. Patients were randomly assigned within 72 hours after symptom onset in a 1:1 ratio, to receive clopidogrel (300mg on day 1, 75mg daily on days 2-90) and aspirin (100-300mg on day1, 100mg daily on days 2-21), or clopidogrel placebo and aspirin (100-300mg on day1, 100mg daily on days 2-90). There was no interaction between this component of the factorial trial design trial and a second part that tested immediate vs delayed stain treatment and is reported separately. The primary efficacy outcome was a new stroke, and the primary safety outcome was moderate-to-severe bleeding, both within 90 days.ResultsA total of 6100 patients were enrolled, 3050 assigned to each trial group. The qualifying event for enrollment was TIA in 13%. Approximately 13% of patients were assigned to a treatment group within 24 hours and 87% were assigned between 24 and 72 hours of onset of stroke. A new stroke occurred in 222 (7.3%) in the clopidogrel-aspirin group, and 279 (9.2%) in the aspirin group (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.94; P=0.008). Moderate-to-severe bleeding occurred in 27 (0.9%) and 13 patients (0.4%), respectively (hazard ratio, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.07-4.04, P=0.03).ConclusionsAmong patients with mild ischemic stroke or high-risk TIA of presumed atherosclerotic cause, combined clopidogrel-aspirin initiated within 72 hours of onset was superior to aspirin alone in reducing the risk of new stroke at 90 days but was associated with a low but increased risk of moderate-to-severe bleeding