The nature of leukocytic response to mouse mammary tumor implants in C3H/HeJ mice with and without anticoagulation

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. The risk of cancer development and subsequent death from the disease increases sharply in the population over 55 years of age(1). Coagulation problems also increase with age and have been implicated in increasing the metastatic spread of cancer. Although cancer treatment has improved constantly it still remains quite toxic and improvement are needed Mouse mammary tumor is a common form of cancer used for experimental animal study. This investigation was designed to study the nature of leukocytic response to mouse mammary tumor implants in C3H/HeJ mice with and without anticoagulants. The main thrust of the research was in three areas: first, to develop a background in light microscope morphology of spontaneous mouse mammary tumor and its change with first and second passage into normal mice; second, to analyze change in leukocytic response in sham operated, tumor- and liver-implanted mice; and third, to analyze changes in leukocytic response to tumor implants with and without anticoagulation

Inductive Power Transfer for Electric Vehicles Using Gallium Nitride Power Transistors

This chapter will present the application of the GaN Gate Injection Transistor (GIT) in Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) for Electric Vehicles (EV). IPT provides significant benefits over conventional plug-in chargers but suffers from lower efficiency. A high frequency inverter using GaN GIT, which has low on-resistance and gate charge, is implemented to reduce switching and conduction loss, resulting in higher efficiency. Different gate drive strategies will be compared for driving the GaN GIT at high slew rates while ensuring cross-conduction protection. The switching characteristics of the GaN GIT are studied and the inverter is designed to ensure low switching losses, while keeping overshoot and slew rates under control. Experiment results presented will demonstrate that the system efficiency peaks at 95% at 100 kHz operation and 92% at 250 kHz operation for a coil gap of 80 mm at 2 kW output power

Modeling the Learning of the Person Case Constraint

Many domains of linguistic research posit feature bundles as an explanation for various phenomena. Such hypotheses are often evaluated on their simplicity (or parsimony). We take a complementary approach. Specifically, we evaluate different hypotheses about the representation of person features in syntax on the basis of their implications for learning the Person Case Constraint (PCC). The PCC refers to a phenomenon where certain combinations of clitics (pronominal bound morphemes) are disallowed with ditransitive verbs. We compare a simple theory of the PCC, where person features are represented as atomic units, to a feature-based theory of the PCC, where person features are represented as feature bundles. We use Bayesian modeling to compare these theories, using data based on realistic proportions of clitic combinations from child-directed speech. We find that both theories can learn the target grammar given enough data, but that the feature-based theory requires significantly less data, suggesting that developmental trajectories could provide insight into syntactic representations in this domain

Propuesta de diseño de espesor de pavimento flexible utilizando dos metodologías para la avenida Dos de Mayo, Ucayali, 2021

El objetivo del presente proyecto de investigación es determinar una propuesta de diseño de espesor de pavimento flexible como una propuesta de pavimentación de la avenida dos de mayo utilizando dos metodologías, Ucayali, 2021. La metodología es de tipo aplicada, su diseño es pre experimental. Su enfoque es cuantitativo. La población de este trabajo de estudio es estudiar el número de cuadras totales de la avenida dos de mayo, Ucayali. La muestra es igual a la población. El procesamiento se realizó utilizando Microsoft Excel. Las conclusiones son que se realizó el diseño estructural del pavimento flexible utilizando la técnica AASHTO, obteniendo un resultado del estudio de trafico de trafico de un IMDA = 22,891 veh/día, con una carpeta asfáltica de 07 pulgadas y una base granular de 5 pulgadas y una subbase de 5 pulgadas. Y para el método del instituto del asfalto tenemos para un espesor para una base granular de 150 mm, el espesor de carpeta asfáltica de 11 cm y una base granular de 300 cm, le corresponde un espesor de carpeta asfáltica de 016.5 cm, así que se determinó la propuesta de diseño de espesor de pavimento flexible utilizando las dos metodologías

EFFECTS OF AL(2)O(3) NANOPARTICLES DEPOSITION ON CRITICAL HEAT FLUX OF R-123 IN FLOW BOILING HEAT TRANSFER

In this study, R-123 flow boiling experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of nanoparticle deposition on heater surfaces on flow critical heat flux (CHF) and boiling heat transfer. It is known that CHF enhancement by nanoparticles results from porous structures that are very similar to layers of Chalk River unidentified deposit formed on nuclear fuel rod surfaces during the reactor operation period. Although previous studies have investigated the surface effects through surface modifications, most studies are limited to pool boiling conditions, and therefore, the effects of porous surfaces on flow boiling heat transfer are still unclear. In addition, there have been only few reports on suppression of wetting for decoupled approaches of reasoning. In this study, bare and Al2O3 nanoparticle-coated surfaces were prepared for the study experiments. The CHF of each surface was measured with different mass fluxes of 1,600 kg/m(2)s, 1,800 kg/m(2)s, 2,100 kg/m(2)s, 2,400 kg/m(2)s, and 2,600 kg/m(2)s. The nanoparticle-coated tube showed CHF enhancement up to 17% at a mass flux of 2,400 kg/m(2)s compared with the bare tube. The factors for CHF enhancement are related to the enhanced rewetting process derived from capillary action through porous structures built-up by nanoparticles while suppressing relative wettability effects between two sample surfaces as a highly wettable R-123 refrigerant was used as a working fluid. Copyright (C) 2015, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC on behalf of Korean Nuclear Societyclose0

¿Cartografía antigua o Cartografía histórica?

Los términos relacionados con la Historia de la Cartografía necesitan ser revisados, a tenor de las confusiones y ambigüedades que se vienen produciendo. Muchas publicaciones o catálogos de mapas utilizan el término cartografía histórica para definir su contenido, cuando debería utilizarse la expresión cartografía antigua, y la traducción literal de algunas expresiones tomadas de otros idiomas, arroja resultados poco afortunados. Las nuevas tecnologías han provocado un desarrollo y una difusión inusitados de la Cartografía, y su empuje afecta a la cartografía antigua. Los principales archivos y bibliotecas publican sus fondos con gran resolución y sus documentos pueden ser analizados con herramientas más ágiles y amigables, pero no abundan los estudios teóricos sobre su naturaleza u objetivos, ni existen propuestas para reformular las definiciones básicas vinculadas a la Historia de la Cartografía. Desde estas líneas se pretende analizar y debatir el vocabulario que afecta a esta disciplina, facilitando la tarea de aquellos que se acercan a los mapas antiguos

Gas injection in a liquid saturated porous medium. Influence of pressurization effects and liquid films

We study numerically and experimentally the displacement of a liquid by a gas in a two-dimensional model porous medium. In contrast with previous pore-network studies on drainage in porous media, the gas compressibility is fully taken account. The influence of the gas injection rate on the displacement pattern, breakthrough time and the evolution of the pressure in the gas phase due in part to gas compressibility are investigated. A good agreement is found between the simulations and the experiments as regards the invasion patterns. The agreement is also good on the drainage kinetics when the dynamic liquid films are taken into account

Experimental study on pool boiling in a porous artery structure

In this work, a porous artery structure is proposed to enhance the critical heat flux (CHF) of pool boiling based on the concept of “phase separation and modulation” and extensive experimental studies have been carried out for validation. In the experiment, multiple rectangular arteries were machined directly into the top surface of a copper rod to provide individual flow paths for vapor escaping. The arteries were covered by a microporous copper plate where capillary forces can be developed at the liquid/vapor interface to prevent the vapor from penetrating the porous structure and realize strong liquid suction simultaneously. The pool wall was made of transparent quartz glass to enable a visualization study where the liquid/vapor distribution and movement can be observed directly. Favorable results have been reached as expected, and a maximum heat flux up to 805 W/cm2 was achieved with no indication of any dry-out, which successfully validated this new concept. In addition, the effects of the diameter and thickness of the porous copper plate, and the connection method between the porous copper plate and copper fin on the pool boiling heat transfer in the porous artery structure were investigated, and the inherent physical mechanisms were analyzed and discussed