Perfil epidemiológico do absenteísmo : doença dos servidores públicos da Regional de Saúde de Ceilândia-DF, 2014

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ceilândia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Tecnologias em Saúde, 2017.Texto parcialmente liberado pelo autor. Conteúdo restrito: Capítulos 7. Resultados e 8. Conclusão.Introdução: O absenteísmo-doença é um problema de saúde mundial e de etiologia multifatorial. Considerado um indicador global do estado de saúde dos trabalhadores, é um fenômeno que apresenta custos diretos para sociedade, instituições e para o próprio trabalhador que adoece. Estudos sobre o absenteísmo-doença nos serviços públicos são escassos e podem ajudar a entender o perfil de saúde dos trabalhadores possibilitando intervenções de prevenção e promoção à saúde. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil do absenteísmo-doença dos servidores públicos da Regional de Saúde a fim de identificar as frequências de licenças e períodos de ausência do trabalho em decorrência de episódio de adoecimento. Método: Estudo transversal realizado com todos os servidores públicos da Regional de Saúde de Ceilândia - Distrito Federal. Foram analisadas todas as licenças médicas com duração superior a três dias certificadas por meio de atestado médico-odontológico de 1º de janeiro a 31 de dezembro de 2014. Realizou-se descrição de frequências absolutas e relativas dos episódios e dias perdidos, cálculos de indicadores de absenteísmo-doença e análise multivariada, utilizando-se a regressão binomial negativa. Resultados: Para uma população de 2.501 servidores públicos houve: prevalência de absenteísmo-doença de 39,0%; índice de frequência de licenças de 88,0%; taxa de gravidade de 16 dias; duração média do absenteísmo-doença de 42 dias e duração média das licenças de 18 dias. Verificou-se maior frequência de absenteísmo-doença em: mulheres, servidores de ambos os gêneros com companheiro, com 31 a 40 anos de idade, de escolaridade superior, com jornada de 40 horas semanais, em auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem, em servidores com 4 a 10 anos de serviço e que atuam no hospital. As principais causas de absenteísmo-doença foram os transtornos mentais/comportamentais e as doenças osteomusculares. Foram significativamente associados ao absenteísmo-doença as variáveis: sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade, carga horária, categoria profissional e lotação setorial. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa analisou um conjunto de dados ainda não explorados de uma Regional de Saúde do Distrito Federal. Sugere-se a implantação de medidas de prevenção e promoção da saúde com vistas a redução da alta frequência de adoecimento evidenciada na população de servidores.Introduction: Sickness absence is a worldwide health problem with a multifactorial etiology. Considered a global indicator of workers' health status, it is a phenomenon that presents direct costs to society, institutions and to the worker who becomes ill. Studies on sickness absence in public services are scarce and can help to understand the health profile of workers enabling interventions in prevention and health promotion. Objective: To characterize the profile of sickness absence of the public servants of a Regional Public Health, in Brazil, in order to identify the frequencies of sick leave and periods of absence from work as a result of an illness episode. Method: A cross - sectional study with all the civil servants of the Ceilândia Health Region - Federal District. We analyzed all medical licenses with a duration of more than three days, certified by a medical and dental professional, from January 1 to December 31, 2014. A description of absolute and relative frequencies of episodes and days lost ,calculations of sickness absence measures and indicators and multivariate analysis using negative binomial regression was carry out. Results: The population of 2501 civil servants presented 2205 sick leaves episodes corresponding to a total of 40,755 days lost. The indicators showed sickness absence prevalence of 39.0%; rate of sick leave per worker of 88.0%; the severity rate was 16 days; mean duration of sickness absence was 42 days and average duration of sickness leave was 18 days. There was a higher frequency of sickness absence in: women, workers of both sexes with companion, with 31 to 40 years, with superior education, with a 40-hour week labour, in nursing auxiliaries / technicians, in workers with 4 to 10 years of service and who work in the hospital services. Mental and behavioral disorders and musculoskeletal disorders were the major causes of illness. The following variables were significantly associated with sickness absence: gender, age group, schooling, job tenure, professional category and sectorial work place. Conclusion: This study analyzed a set of data not yet explored by a Regional Health Department of the Federal District. It is suggested the implementation of health prevention and promotion measures aimed at reducing the high frequency of illness evidenced in the server population

Age-Related Changes of the Synucleins Profile in the Mouse Retina

OK Funding Information: This research was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, grant number PTDC/MED-PAT/29656/2017. L.S. was funded by FCT PhD studentship (SFRH/BD/144743). Additionally, it was supported by iNOVA4Health—UIDB/04462/2020 and UIDP/04462/2020 and by the Associated Laboratory LS4FUTURE (LA/P/0087/2020), two programs financially supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior. This work was developed with the support from the research infrastructure Congento, co-financed by Lisboa Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (Portugal) under the project LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-022170. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.Alpha-synuclein (aSyn) plays a central role in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and has been extensively studied in the brain. This protein is part of the synuclein family, which is also composed of beta-synuclein (bSyn) and gamma-synuclein (gSyn). In addition to its neurotoxic role, synucleins have important functions in the nervous system, modulating synaptic transmission. Synucleins are expressed in the retina, but they have been poorly characterized. However, there is evidence that they are important for visual function and that they can play a role in retinal degeneration. This study aimed to profile synucleins in the retina of naturally aged mice and to correlate their patterns with specific retinal cells. With aging, we observed a decrease in the thickness of specific retinal layers, accompanied by an increase in glial reactivity. Moreover, the aSyn levels decreased, whereas bSyn increased with aging. The colocalization of both proteins was decreased in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the aged retina. gSyn presented an age-related decrease at the inner nuclear layer but was not significantly changed in the ganglion cell layer. The synaptic marker synaptophysin was shown to be preferentially colocalized with aSyn in the IPL with aging. At the same time, aSyn was found to exist at the presynaptic endings of bipolar cells and was affected by aging. Overall, this study suggests that physiological aging can be responsible for changes in the retinal tissue, implicating functional alterations that could affect synuclein family function.publishersversionpublishe

O que significa descarbonizar? Uma visão da sociedade atual sem energia fóssil

Este capítulo aborda conceitos que estabelecem a relação entre a utilização da energia, o desenvolvimento tecnológico e a qualidade de vida. A energia e as consequências da sua utilização são consideradas, expondo os ciclos naturais do carbono, conceitos necessários à compreensão do problema das emissões antropogénicas de dióxido de carbono para a atmosfera. Desconstrói-se o termo “descarbonizar”, por vezes, abusivamente utilizado em contextos de linguagem mediática e por referência a discursos que se inscrevem em lógicas preconcebidas, sem base científica. Por fim, convoca-se um conjunto de reflexões em torno do desenvolvimento sustentável e das vias para o atingir. Este, sendo inevitável e de todos dependendo, deve centrar-se numa visão alargada da dignidade e da qualidade da vida humana e num compromisso de relacionamento ético entre o ser humano e a natureza.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O que significa descarbonizar? Uma visão da sociedade atual sem energia fóssil

Este capítulo aborda conceitos que estabelecem a relação entre a utilização da energia, o desenvolvimento tecnológico e a qualidade de vida. A energia e as consequências da sua utilização são consideradas, expondo os ciclos naturais do carbono, conceitos necessários à compreensão do problema das emissões antropogénicas de dióxido de carbono para a atmosfera. Desconstrói-se o termo “descarbonizar”, por vezes, abusivamente utilizado em contextos de linguagem mediática e por referência a discursos que se inscrevem em lógicas preconcebidas, sem base científica. Por fim, convoca-se um conjunto de reflexões em torno do desenvolvimento sustentável e das vias para o atingir. Este, sendo inevitável e de todos dependendo, deve centrar-se numa visão alargada da dignidade e da qualidade da vida humana e num compromisso de relacionamento ético entre o ser humano e a natureza

Does It Matter?

Funding Information: This research was partially co-financed by Hospital da Luz Lisboa under the initiative “Luz Investigação” in the context of the Group GENIUS (Reference LH.INV.F2019015).We investigated the impactof microsatellite instability (MSI) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) status in gastric cancer (GC), regarding response to perioperative chemotherapy (POPChT), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). We included 137 cases of operated GC, 51 of which were submitted to POPChT. MSI status was determined by multiplex PCR and EBV status by EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization. Thirty-seven (27%) cases presented as MSI-high, and seven (5.1%) were EBV+. Concerning tumor regression after POPChT, no differences were observed between the molecular subtypes, but females were more likely to respond (p = 0.062). No significant differences were found in OS or PFS between different subtypes. In multivariate analysis, age (HR 1.02, IC 95% 1.002–1.056, p = 0.033) and positive lymph nodes (HR 1.82, IC 95% 1.034–3.211, p = 0.038) were the only prognostic factors for OS. However, females with MSI-high tumors treated with POPChT demonstrated a significantly increased OS compared to females with MSS tumors (p = 0.031). In conclusion, we found a high proportion of MSI-high cases. MSI and EBV status did not influence OS or PFS either in patients submitted to POPChT or surgery alone. However, superior survival of females with MSI-high tumors suggests that sex disparities and molecular classification may influence treatment options in GC.publishersversionpublishe

EBV and MSI status in gastric cancer: does it matter?

We investigated the impactof microsatellite instability (MSI) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) status in gastric cancer (GC), regarding response to perioperative chemotherapy (POPChT), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). We included 137 cases of operated GC, 51 of which were submitted to POPChT. MSI status was determined by multiplex PCR and EBV status by EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization. Thirty-seven (27%) cases presented as MSI-high, and seven (5.1%) were EBV+. Concerning tumor regression after POPChT, no differences were observed between the molecular subtypes, but females were more likely to respond (p = 0.062). No significant differences were found in OS or PFS between different subtypes. In multivariate analysis, age (HR 1.02, IC 95% 1.002–1.056, p = 0.033) and positive lymph nodes (HR 1.82, IC 95% 1.034–3.211, p = 0.038) were the only prognostic factors for OS. However, females with MSI-high tumors treated with POPChT demonstrated a significantly increased OS compared to females with MSS tumors (p = 0.031). In conclusion, we found a high proportion of MSI-high cases. MSI and EBV status did not influence OS or PFS either in patients submitted to POPChT or surgery alone. However, superior survival of females with MSI-high tumors suggests that sex disparities and molecular classification may influence treatment options in GC.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Wild dogs at stake: deforestation threatens the only Amazon endemic canid, the short-eared dog (Atelocynus microtis)

The persistent high deforestation rate and fragmentation of the Amazon forests are the main threats to their biodiversity. To anticipate and mitigate these threats, it is important to understand and predict how species respond to the rapidly changing landscape. The short-eared dog Atelocynus microtis is the only Amazon-endemic canid and one of the most understudied wild dogs worldwide. We investigated short-eared dog habitat associations on two spatial scales. First, we used the largest record database ever compiled for short-eared dogs in combination with species distribution models to map species habitat suitability, estimate its distribution range and predict shifts in species distribution in response to predicted deforestation across the entire Amazon (regional scale). Second, we used systematic camera trap surveys and occupancy models to investigate how forest cover and forest fragmentation affect the space use of this species in the Southern Brazilian Amazon (local scale). Species distribution models suggested that the short-eared dog potentially occurs over an extensive and continuous area, through most of the Amazon region south of the Amazon River. However, approximately 30% of the short-eared dog's current distribution is expected to be lost or suffer sharp declines in habitat suitability by 2027 (within three generations) due to forest loss. This proportion might reach 40% of the species distribution in unprotected areas and exceed 60% in some interfluves (i.e. portions of land separated by large rivers) of the Amazon basin. Our local-scale analysis indicated that the presence of forest positively affected short-eared dog space use, while the density of forest edges had a negative effect. Beyond shedding light on the ecology of the short-eared dog and refining its distribution range, our results stress that forest loss poses a serious threat to the conservation of the species in a short time frame. Hence, we propose a re-assessment of the short-eared dog's current IUCN Red List status (Near Threatened) based on findings presented here. Our study exemplifies how data can be integrated across sources and modelling procedures to improve our knowledge of relatively understudied species

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Pescas

Nos últimos anos há múltiplos indícios de alterações no sistema climático. O esforço de compreensão das respostas nos sistemas terrestre e aquático à variabilidade climática tem sido reforçada, numa perspectiva de melhor adaptar a gestão dos recursos naturais à magnitude e ritmo das alterações antropogénicas que se prevêem. Aqui faz-se uma análise concreta dos efeitos esperados das alterações globais em recursos pelágicos, nomeadamente a sardinha, com base em modelos mecanicistas de resposta do recursos a alterações na temperatura média do mar, à dinâmicas de salinidade e a regimes de afloramento costeiro de Norte a Sul da costa nacional até meados do presente século