A geografia e o clima das montanhas ibéricas

A Península Ibérica é marcada, nos seus traços climáticos e ecológicos gerais pela influência do Mediterrâneo e da circulação de Oeste. É um espaço geográfico dominado por diversas cadeias montanhosas e mesetas interiores elevadas no qual os Pirinéus, a NE, e a Cadeia Penibética, a Sul, são os relevos mais imponentes, embora a disposição dos maciços menos elevados tenha igualmente importância climática decisiva. Nesta síntese exploram-se as relações entre os fatores determinados pelo relevo e a distribuição espacial dos principais elementos de clima, ilustradas com exemplos à escala regional. Abordam-se também fenómenos à escala local, típicos das zonas de montanha, como o desenvolvimento de ventos catabáticos e anabáticos, e as inversões térmicas. Num segundo passo, reúnem-se elementos explicativos dos grandes domínios climáticos da Península, mostrando-se os contributos da posição geográfica e da fisiografia para o marcado contraste entre a Ibéria Verde e a Ibéria Parda. Finalmente, desenvolve-se um roteiro descritivo de condições de tempo típicas, configurando condições sinópticas. Sublinha-se a relevância das zonas de montanha da Península Ibérica, depositárias de elementos do maior interesse científico para o conhecimento e preservação dos recursos naturais destas zonas, em larga medida dependentes do clima em que historicamente aí evoluíram ecossistemas e paisagens.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Photoacoustic Measurement Of The Thermal Properties Of Two-layer Systems

Using two different photoacoustic techniques for a two-layer system of variable thickness, we show that the thermal diffusivity and the thermal conductivity are completely determined, based upon the effective-sample model widely used in heat-transfer problems. A procedure to establish a standard photothermal technique for measuring both the thermal diffusivity and the thermal conductivity is also discussed. © 1990 The American Physical Society.4274477448

USO DE GEOTECNOLOGIAS PARA CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE ÁREAS DE RISCO NA CIDADE DE TEÓFILO OTONI, MINAS GERAIS

Cidades restringem infiltração da água da chuva, aumentando escoamento superficial. A ocupação em geral se dá nas proximidades de rios, pois tais áreas tendem a ser planas. Estas ocupadas, passa-se a áreas mais elevadas e declivosas, livres de inundações, mas susceptíveis a movimentos gravitacionais de massa. Esse trabalho objetivou caracterização da área urbana de Teófilo Otoni por meio de geotecnologias de fácil acesso, expondo áreas ocupadas sujeitas a ocorrência de desastres naturais

Surveillance or self-surveillance? Behavioral cues can increase the rate of drivers' pro-environmental behavior at a long wait stop

By leaving their engines idling for long periods, drivers contribute unnecessarily to air pollution, waste fuel, and produce noise and fumes that harm the environment. Railway level crossings are sites where many cars idle, many times a day. In this research, testing two psychological theories of influence, we examine the potential to encourage drivers to switch off their ignition while waiting at rail crossings. Two field studies presented different signs at a busy rail crossing site with a 2-min average wait. Inducing public self-focus (via a “Watching Eyes” stimulus) was not effective, even when accompanied by a written behavioral instruction. Instead, cueing a private-self focus (“think of yourself”) was more effective, doubling the level of behavioral compliance. These findings confirm the need to engage the self when trying to instigate self-regulatory action, but that cues evoking self-surveillance may sometimes be more effective than cues that imply external surveillance

LESÕES ANATOMOPATOLÓGICAS PRESENTES NA INFECÇÃO POR DIOCTOPHYMA RENALE (GOEZE, 1782) EM CÃES DOMÉSTICOS (CANIS FAMILIARIS,) LINNAEUS, 1758

Os autores descrevem as lesões anatomopatológicas de onze casos de parasitismo por Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782), na cidade de Curitiba - PR, Brasil, constatados em necrópsias e achados clínicos em 1960 cães, no período de 1979 a 2004. Anatomopathologic lesions found in Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782) infections in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris, LINNAEUS, 1758 Abstract The authors describe the anatomopathologic lesions of eleven cases of parasitism by Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782), in Curitiba (PR, Brazil), found among 1960 necropsies carried out between 1979 and 2004 in dogs

The progressive onset of cholinergic and adrenergic control of heart rate during development in the green iguana, Iguana iguana

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:16:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-10-01INCT in Comparative PhysiologyFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)National Science FoundationThe autonomic control of heart rate was studied throughout development in embryos of the green iguana, Iguana iguana by applying receptor agonists and antagonists of the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems. Acetylcholine (Ach) slowed or stopped the heart and atropine antagonized the response to Ach indicating the presence of muscarinic cholinoceptors on the heart of early embryos. However, atropine injections had no impact on heart rate until immediately before hatching, when it increased heart rate by 15%. This cholinergic tonus increased to 34% in hatchlings and dropped to 24% in adult iguanas. Although epinephrine was without effect, injection of propranolol slowed the heart throughout development, indicating the presence of beta-adrenergic receptors on the heart of early embryos, possibly stimulated by high levels of circulating catecholamines. The calculated excitatory tonus varied between 33% and 68% until immediately before hatching when it fell to 25% and 29%, a level retained in hatchlings and adults. Hypoxia caused a bradycardia in early embryos that was unaffected by injection of atropine indicating that hypoxia has a direct effect upon the heart. In later embryos and hatchlings hypoxia caused a tachycardia that was unaffected by injection of atropine. Subsequent injection of propranolol reduced heart rate both uncovering a hypoxic bradycardia in late embryos and abolishing tachycardia in hatchlings. Hypercapnia was without effect on heart rate in late stage embryos and in hatchlings. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Rio Claro, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Ciencias Fisiol, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP, BrazilUniv N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Dev Integrat Biol Cluster, Denton, TX 76203 USAUniv Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, EnglandUniv Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Rio Claro, SP, BrazilINCT in Comparative Physiology: CNPq 573921/2008-3INCT in Comparative Physiology: FAPESP 2008/57712-4FAPESP: 2012/06938-8FAPESP: 2012/16537-0National Science Foundation: IBN-IOS 084574

Neonatal Apex Resection Triggers Cardiomyocyte Proliferation, Neovascularization and Functional Recovery Despite Local Fibrosis

So far, opposing outcomes have been reported following neonatal apex resection in mice, questioning the validity of this injury model to investigate regenerative mechanisms. We performed a systematic evaluation, up to 180 days after surgery, of the pathophysiological events activated upon apex resection. In response to cardiac injury, we observed increased cardiomyocyte proliferation in remote and apex regions, neovascularization, and local fibrosis. In adulthood, resected hearts remain consistently shorter and display permanent fibrotic tissue deposition in the center of the resection plane, indicating limited apex regrowth. However, thickening of the left ventricle wall, explained by an upsurge in cardiomyocyte proliferation during the initial response to injury, compensated cardiomyocyte loss and supported normal systolic function. Thus, apex resection triggers both regenerative and reparative mechanisms, endorsing this injury model for studies aimed at promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation and/or downplaying fibrosis. In this article, Nascimento and colleagues demonstrate that neonatal apex resection stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation and permanent scarring in the apex. Newly formed cardiomyocytes compensate muscle loss by resection, and resected hearts recover functional competence in adulthood. These findings endorse this model for studies aiming to block cardiac fibrosis and/or favoring CM proliferation