Two Langevin equations in the Doi-Peliti formalism

A system-size expansion method is incorporated into the Doi-Peliti formalism for stochastic chemical kinetics. The basic idea of the incorporation is to introduce a new decomposition of unity associated with a so-called Cole-Hopf transformation. This approach elucidates a relationship between two different Langevin equations; one is associated with a coherent-state path-integral expression and the other describes density fluctuations. A simple reaction scheme $X \rightleftarrows X+X$ is investigated as an illustrative example.Comment: 14page

Desafios e perspectivas: desemprego e masculinidade

O desemprego é um fenômeno mundial e em expansão há 30 anos, atingindo mais intensamente as periferias dos países pobres. Na região do ABC - São Paulo, essa situação tem afetado particularmente os homens em idade produtiva. Considerando os estudos de gênero, a capacidade de prover materialmente as necessidades da família é um dos atributos da masculinidade normativa. Objetivou-se investigar as representações de trabalho, emprego e masculinidade mediante a situação de desemprego prolongado entre homens maduros e desempregados. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e individuais, com quinze homens desempregados residentes nos municípios de Diadema e São Bernardo do Campo (SP). Procedeu-se à Análise do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Os entrevistados consideram como “trabalho” as atividades desenvolvidas sob vínculo empregatício legal que garantem os lugares de assalariado e provedor. O desemprego é sentido como uma ruptura com a rede social e derrota. Os rendimentos obtidos por meio das atividades alternativas são desqualificados, pois, apesar de se encontrarem próximos aos salários do mercado, não garantem o acesso à seguridade social, tampouco promovem a manutenção do lugar de provedor. Surgidos nesse contexto, a ingestão de álcool e drogas e a violência emergem como alternativas para a retomada de um lugar social identificado como masculino.Palavras-chave: desemprego; masculinidade; saúde. Unemployment has been, over the past 30 years, a world-wide and increasing phenomenon, impacting more intensely the poorest countries. In the region of the ABC - São Paulo, this situation has affected particularly men in their productive years. Considering the aspect of gender, unemployment for the male relates to capability of providing for the material needs of his family. The objective of this study was to investigate the various trade categories, the particular work and the masculinity issues of men faced with long periods of unemployment - i.e. more than one year. Individual and semi-structured interviews made with fifteen men, who were married, unemployed and living in the cities of Diadema and São Bernardo do Campo (SP). A collective subject’s analysis discourse was performed. The males interviewed, only considered “work” as an employment circumstance that guarantees their status both as employees and providers. Unemployment is sensed as a rupture within the social net and as a personal defeat. Any income earned through alternative activities are discounted because, although they may place the person within the average wage level of the market, access to social security is not guaranteed, neither does it promote the person as a family provider. It is suggested in this context that the use of alcohol, drugs, and violence emerge as an alternative to re-establishing a recognized social position and self-definition as a productive male.Keywords: unemployment; masculinity; health

Smart scheduling for saving energy in grid computing

Energy saving involves two direct benefits: sustainability and cost reduction. Within the field of Informa tion Technology, clusters, grids and data centres represent the hungriest consumers of energy and there fore energy (saving) policies for these infrastructures should be applied in order to maximize their resources. It is proved in this paper that approximately 40% of energy can be saved in a data centre if an adequate policy is applied. Furthermore, a software tool is presented where simulations can be run and results for real scenarios can be obtained.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2009–14378-C02–0

Geometrical tests of cosmological models. I. Probing dark energy using the kinematics of high redshift galaxies

We suggest to use the observationally measured and theoretically justified correlation between size and rotational velocity of galactic discs as a viable method to select a set of high redshift standard rods which may be used to explore the dark energy content of the universe via the classical angular-diameter test. Here we explore a new strategy for an optimal implementation of this test.We propose to use the rotation speed of high redshift galaxies as a standard size indicator and show how high resolution multi-object spectroscopy and ACS/HST high quality spatial images, may be combined to measure the amplitude of the dark energy density parameter ΩQ, or to constrain the cosmic equation of state parameter for a smooth dark energy component (w = p/ρ, −1 ≤ w < −1/3). Nearly 1300 standard rods with high velocity rotation in the bin V = 200 ± 20 km s−1 are expected in a field of 1 sq. degree and over the redshift baseline 0 < z < 1.4. This sample is sufficient to constrain the cosmic equation of state parameter w at a level of 20% (without priors in the [Ωm,ΩQ] plane) even when the [OII]λ3727 Å linewidth-diameter relationship is calibrated with a scatter of ∼40%. We evaluate how systematics may affect the proposed tests, and find that a linear standard rod evolution, causing galaxy dimensions to be up to 30% smaller at z = 1.5, can be uniquely diagnosed, and will minimally bias the confidence level contours in the [ΩQ, w] plane. Finally, we show how to derive, without a priori knowing the specific functional form of disc evolution, a cosmologyevolution diagram with which it is possible to establish a mapping between different cosmological models and the amount of galaxy disc/luminosity evolution expected at a given redshift

Phenomena associated with the acceleration of polarized protons in circular accelerators

A series of machine studies has been done with the zero Gradient Synchrotron (ZGS) at Argonne National Laboratory in order to better understand the phenomena associated with the acceleration of polarized protons and to determine the feasibility of acceleration to energies higher than the 12 GeV/c available at the ZGS. We also investigated the question of how long polarized protons can remain in storage rings without losing excessive polarization.The three topics investigated were: 1. The adiabatic crossing of an intrinsic depolarizing resonance. 2. The depolarization due to imperfection resonances. 3. The survival time of polarization on a long flattop.This paper is a preliminary report of these three investigations.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87334/2/396_1.pd

The status of forensic anthropology in Europe and South Africa:Results of the 2016 FASE questionnaire on forensic anthropology

International audienc

Acidente com material perfurocortante entre profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário

Os riscos ocupacionais a que os profissionais da equipe de enfermagem estão sujeitos no desempenho de suasfunções são consideráveis. Assim estabeleceu-se como objetivo deste estudo analisar os acidentes perfurocortantesno período de 2002 a 2006, envolvendo a equipe de enfermagem de um hospital universitário, para compreender ocontexto em que ocorrem. A utilização destas informações pode ser ferramenta de prevenção. Estudo descritivo,retrospectivo quantitativo e qualitativo. Na análise quantitativa foi utilizada estatística descritiva e na qualitativao discurso do sujeito coletivo. Por meio das fichas de notificação do Núcleo de Vigilância Epidemiológica doHospital, foi possível identificar acidentes do gênero no período pesquisado. Entrevistas foram direcionadas àsvítimas de acidentes que tiveram como paciente-fonte portador de Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana, hepatite B e C. Os achados demonstraram que ainda persiste um grau significativodo desconhecimento ou banalização dos acidentes entre profissionais da saúde

Enhanced CO2 outgassing in the Southern Ocean from a positive phase of the Southern Annular Mode

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Global Biogeochemical Cycles 21 (2007): GB2026, doi:10.1029/2006GB002900.We investigate the interannual variability in the flux of CO2 between the atmosphere and the Southern Ocean on the basis of hindcast simulations with a coupled physical-biogeochemical-ecological model with particular emphasis on the role of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The simulations are run under either pre-industrial or historical CO2 concentrations, permitting us to separately investigate natural, anthropogenic, and contemporary CO2 flux variability. We find large interannual variability (±0.19 PgC yr−1) in the contemporary air-sea CO2 flux from the Southern Ocean (<35°S). Forty-three percent of the contemporary air-sea CO2 flux variance is coherent with SAM, mostly driven by variations in the flux of natural CO2, for which SAM explains 48%. Positive phases of the SAM are associated with anomalous outgassing of natural CO2 at a rate of 0.1 PgC yr−1 per standard deviation of the SAM. In contrast, we find an anomalous uptake of anthropogenic CO2 at a rate of 0.01 PgC yr−1 during positive phases of the SAM. This uptake of anthropogenic CO2 only slightly mitigates the outgassing of natural CO2, so that a positive SAM is associated with anomalous outgassing in contemporaneous times. The primary cause of the natural CO2 outgassing is anomalously high oceanic partial pressures of CO2 caused by elevated dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations. These anomalies in DIC are primarily a result of the circulation changes associated with the southward shift and strengthening of the zonal winds during positive phases of the SAM. The secular, positive trend in the SAM has led to a reduction in the rate of increase of the uptake of CO2 by the Southern Ocean over the past 50 years.This work was supported by NASA headquarters under the Earth System Science Fellowship Grant NNG05GP78H to N. S. L. and grants NAG5-12528 and NNG04GH53G to N. G. Both S. C. D. and I. D. L. were supported by NSF/ONR NOPP (N000140210370) and NASA (NNG05GG30G)