51,631 research outputs found
Spin-Orbit Scattering and Time-Reversal Symmetry: Detection of a Spin by Tunneling
We consider the possibility of detecting spin precession in a magnetic field
by nonequilibrium transport processes. We find that time reversal symmetry
imposes strong constraints on the problem. Suppose the tunneling occurs
directly between systems at two different chemical potentials, rather than
sequentially via a third system at an intermediate chemical potential. Then,
unless the magnetic fields are extremely strong or spin polarized electrons are
used, the periodic signal in the current results from beating together two
different precession frequencies, so that observing a signal near the Larmor
frequency in this case requires having some cluster with a factor close to
zero.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
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Absorption of spherical bubbles in a square microchannel
This paper was presented at the 4th Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2014), which was held at University College, London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute, ASME Press, LCN London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL University College London, UCL Engineering, the International NanoScience Community, www.nanopaprika.eu.Microfluidics is a fast growing field in which the manipulation of bubbles in liquid phase is of
utmost importance. In this paper, the absorption of spherical bubbles in a square microchannel is investigated
for a bubbly flow. Numerical simulations of the gas-liquid two-phase flow and the mass transfer around
spherical bubbles in a square microchannel are carried out. Correlations are established for the bubble
velocity and the mass transfer rate. A model for the dissolution of spherical bubbles along a square
microchannel is proposed in the case of the bubbly flow regime and validated using existing experimental
data. This model can be used, for instance, for designing microabsorbers for lab-on-a-chip applications
On the Monadic Second-Order Transduction Hierarchy
We compare classes of finite relational structures via monadic second-order
transductions. More precisely, we study the preorder where we set C \subseteq K
if, and only if, there exists a transduction {\tau} such that
C\subseteq{\tau}(K). If we only consider classes of incidence structures we can
completely describe the resulting hierarchy. It is linear of order type
{\omega}+3. Each level can be characterised in terms of a suitable variant of
tree-width. Canonical representatives of the various levels are: the class of
all trees of height n, for each n \in N, of all paths, of all trees, and of all
grids
Measurement of the fraction of t-tbar production via gluon-gluon fusion in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
We present a measurement of the ratio of t-tbar production cross section via
gluon-gluon fusion to the total t-tbar production cross section in p-pbar
collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV at the Tevatron. Using a data sample with an
integrated luminosity of 955/pb recorded by the CDF II detector at Fermilab, we
select events based on the t-tbar decay to lepton+jets. Using an artificial
neural network technique we discriminate between t-tbar events produced via
q-qbar annihilation and gluon-gluon fusion, and find
Cf=(gg->ttbar)/(pp->ttbar)<0.33 at the 68% confidence level. This result is
combined with a previous measurement to obtain the most precise measurement of
this quantity, Cf=0.07+0.15-0.07.Comment: submitted to Phys. Rev.
Measurement of Resonance Parameters of Orbitally Excited Narrow B^0 Mesons
We report a measurement of resonance parameters of the orbitally excited
(L=1) narrow B^0 mesons in decays to B^{(*)+}\pi^- using 1.7/fb of data
collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The mass and width
of the B^{*0}_2 state are measured to be m(B^{*0}_2) =
5740.2^{+1.7}_{-1.8}(stat.) ^{+0.9}_{-0.8}(syst.) MeV/c^2 and \Gamma(B^{*0}_2)
= 22.7^{+3.8}_{-3.2}(stat.) ^{+3.2}_{-10.2}(syst.) MeV/c^2. The mass difference
between the B^{*0}_2 and B^0_1 states is measured to be
14.9^{+2.2}_{-2.5}(stat.) ^{+1.2}_{-1.4}(syst.) MeV/c^2, resulting in a B^0_1
mass of 5725.3^{+1.6}_{-2.2}(stat.) ^{+1.4}_{-1.5}(syst.) MeV/c^2. This is
currently the most precise measurement of the masses of these states and the
first measurement of the B^{*0}_2 width.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Submitted to Phys.Rev.Let
Efficient CSL Model Checking Using Stratification
For continuous-time Markov chains, the model-checking problem with respect to
continuous-time stochastic logic (CSL) has been introduced and shown to be
decidable by Aziz, Sanwal, Singhal and Brayton in 1996. Their proof can be
turned into an approximation algorithm with worse than exponential complexity.
In 2000, Baier, Haverkort, Hermanns and Katoen presented an efficient
polynomial-time approximation algorithm for the sublogic in which only binary
until is allowed. In this paper, we propose such an efficient polynomial-time
approximation algorithm for full CSL. The key to our method is the notion of
stratified CTMCs with respect to the CSL property to be checked. On a
stratified CTMC, the probability to satisfy a CSL path formula can be
approximated by a transient analysis in polynomial time (using uniformization).
We present a measure-preserving, linear-time and -space transformation of any
CTMC into an equivalent, stratified one. This makes the present work the
centerpiece of a broadly applicable full CSL model checker. Recently, the
decision algorithm by Aziz et al. was shown to work only for stratified CTMCs.
As an additional contribution, our measure-preserving transformation can be
used to ensure the decidability for general CTMCs.Comment: 18 pages, preprint for LMCS. An extended abstract appeared in ICALP
201
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Thermal conductivity and rheology behavior of aqueous nanofluids containing alumina and carbon nanotubes
This paper was presented at the 4th Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2014), which was held at University College, London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute, ASME Press, LCN London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL University College London, UCL Engineering, the International NanoScience Community, www.nanopaprika.eu.In this study, thermal conductivity and rheology behavior of aqueous alumina and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanofluids were measured and compared with several analytical models. Both thermal conductivity and viscosity of the two nanofluids increase with increasing volume fraction. The experimental thermal conductivity data for the two nanofluids are located near the lower Hashin-Shtrikman bound and far away from the upper Hashin-Shtrikman bound. Therefore there is still enough room for thermal conductivity enhancement. Further conductivity enhancement of the nanofluids can be achieved by manipulating particle or agglomeration distribution and morphology. The structure-property relationship was checked for the nanofluids. Possible agglomeration size and interfacial thermal resistance were obtained and partially validated. Based on the Chen et al. model, a revised model was developed by incorporating the effects of interfacial thermal resistance into the Hamilton-Crosser model. The revised model can accurately reproduce the experimental data based on the agglomeration size extracted from the rheology analysis. In addition, thermal conductivity change of the alumina/water nanofluid with elapsed time was also investigated. The average thermal conductivity decreases with elapsed time. Besides, thermal conductivity measurements were conducted for nanofluid mixtures of alumina/water and MWCNT/water nanofluids
Search for lepton flavor violating decays of a heavy neutral particle in p-pbar collisions at root(s)=1.8 TeV
We report on a search for a high mass, narrow width particle that decays
directly to e+mu, e+tau, or mu+tau. We use approximately 110 pb^-1 of data
collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab from 1992 to 1995. No evidence
of lepton flavor violating decays is found. Limits are set on the production
and decay of sneutrinos with R-parity violating interactions.Comment: Figure 2 fixed. Reference 4 fixed. Minor changes to tex
Suppression of Spin-Orbit Scattering in Strong-Disordered Gold Nanojunctions
We discovered that spin-orbit scattering in strong-disordered gold
nanojunctions is strongly suppressed relative to that in weak-disordered gold
thin films. This property is unusual because in weak-disordered films,
spin-orbit scattering increases with disorder. Granularity and freezing of
spin-orbit scattering inside the grains explains the suppression of spin-orbit
scattering. We propose a generalized Elliot-Yafet relation that applies to
strong-disordered granular regime.Comment: 4 pages 4 figure
Target company cross-border effects in acquisitions into the UK
We analyse the abnormal returns to target shareholders in crossborder and domestic acquisitions of UK companies. The crossborder effect during the bid month is small (0.84%), although crossborder targets gain significantly more than domestic targets during the months surrounding the bid. We find no evidence for the level of abnormal returns in crossborder acquisitions to be associated with market access or exchange rate effects, and only limited support for an international diversification effect. However, the crossborder effect appears to be associated with significant payment effects, and there is no significant residual crossborder effect once various bid characteristics are controlled for
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