Fracturas diafisarias de húmero en adultos: estudio retrospectivo de 53 casos

Se estudian retrospectivamente 53 pacientes adultos con fractura diafisaria de húmero, 36 de los cuales siguieron el tratamiento ortopédico funcional. En otros 17 casos, pacientes politraumatizados o con fracturas de tercio medio transversas, realizamos tratamiento quirúrgico. La edad media de los pacientes fue 48 ± 2 2 años. Se afectó más el lado derecho, siendo el antecedente etiológico más frecuente el accidente casual. No hubo diferencia entre el tiempo de consolidación con el tratamiento ortopédico-funcional (60 ± 14 días) y el tratamiento quirúrgico (56 ±1 2 días). Como complicaciones hubo 7 pseudoartrosis (4 tras tratamiento ortopédico-funcional y 3 tratamiento quirúrgico). La edad media de los pacientes con pseudoartrosis fue superior a la de los pacientes con consolidación completa. Ocho casos cursaron con lesión del nervio radial, obteniendo una recuperación funcional del 100% en un tiempo medio de 38 ± 30 semanas. Valorando los resultados con arreglo a los criterios de Gayet, hemos obtenido un 80% de buenos y muy buenos resultados con tratamiento ortopédico funcional y un 70% con tratamiento quirúrgico.Fifty three adult patients with fracture of the humeral shaft were retrospectively studied. Orthopaedic-functional treatment was applied in 36 cases. Seventeen patients with either multiple injuries or transverse middle-shaft fractures were surgically treated. The mean age of patients was 48 ± 21 years. Right side was most frecuently affected and casual fall was the predominated etiology. There were no differences regarding the average consolidation period between fractures treated conservatively (60 ± 14 days) and those undergoing surgery (56 ± 12 days). As complications, there were 7 monounions (4 conservative and 3 operative treatment). The mean age of patients with non-unions was higther than those with complete fracture consolidation. Radial nerve injury was seen in 8 cases. In all there patients, a complete functional were recovery was obtained with a mean average time of 38 ± 30 weeks. When evaluating functional results according to Gayet, satisfactory results were found in 80 per cent of patients with conservative treatment and 70 per cent of those surgically treated

Aplasia del arco posterior del Atlas

Las anomalías congénitas del arco posterior del Atlas son poco frecuentes. Se presenta el caso de una paciente, que tras sufrir un accidente se diagnosticó de aplasia parcial del atlas. Esta lesión es considerada como una variante anatómica benigna de la región cráneovertebral. Se expone el desarrollo y el significado de esta anomalía.Congenital anomalies of the posterior arch of the atlas are uncommon. This paper presents the case of a patient who, as result of an accident, was diagnosed as having a congenital partial agenesia of the posterior arch of the atlas. This finding is considered as a benign anatomical variation of the craniovertebral junction region. The development and clinical significance of this anomaly are discussed

Síndrome del túnel tarsiano: a propósito de un caso

El Síndrome del túnel tarsiano está causado por el atrapamiento del nervio tibial posterior o sus ramas a nivel del retináculo flexor en el tobillo. Se describe un caso de síndrome de túnel tarsiano causado por un quiste sinovial. El paciente refería dolor desde hacía 1 mes a nivel retromaleolar irradiado a planta del pie y primer dedo. Al mes de iniciado los síntomas se apreció una tumoración a nivel retromaleolar. Se exponen los hallazgos EMG, ecografía y R.M.N. Cuando la causa de esta entidad es una lesión ocupante de espacio, está indicada la cirugía, siendo el pronóstico mejor cuanto más precoz es la intervención.Tarsal tunnel syndrome is an entrapment neuropathy caused by compression of the posterior tibial nerve or one of its branches beneath the ankle flexor retinaculum. We present a case of tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by synovial cyst. Since one month the patient complained about pain retromaleolarly radiating to the sole of the foot and first toe. At retromaleolar level a mass was found one month after the onset of symptoms. We report the E.M.G., ultrasonography and R.N.M. findings. When the cause of this syndrome is a space-occupying lesion surgery is indicated. The results of surgery are worse when operation is delayed

Luxación Traumática de Cadera en el Niño

La luxación traumática de cadera en el niño es una lesión poco frecuente. Los autores presentan un caso de luxación anterior de cadera en un niño de 4 años producida por traumatismo mínimo. La exploración realizada en urgencias mostró impotencia funcional para la deambulación y gran dolor. El seguimiento ha sido de 18 meses tras los cuales el paciente no presenta complicaciones. Exponen su experiencia en el caso y revisión de la bibliografía.Traumatic hip dislocation of the hip is rare in children. The authors report a case of anterior hip dislocation in a 4-year-old boy who received relatively minor trauma. He was unable to walk and was in severe pain when seen in emergency room. He was followed-up for 18 months and no complications have appeared. They report here their experience with one case and review the literature

Using specific recombinant gonadotropins to induce spermatogenesis and spermiation in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

[EN] New specific European eel (Anguilla anguilla) recombinant gonadotropins (aarGths) produced in the ovarian cells of Chinese hamsters (CHO) were used to induce maturation in captive male eels. In the first experiment, five different hormonal treatments were assayed: one group was given a constant dose of recombinant European eel follicle-stimulating hormone (aarFsh; 4 ¿g/fish) for 9 weeks, and the second group received a constant dose of recombinant European eel luteinizing hormone (aarLh; 2 ¿g/fish) also for 9 weeks. The other three groups were injected with different combinations of both aarGths (some doses constant, some variable). All five treatments stimulated androgen synthesis, but the increase was more pronounced in the fish treated with a combination of both aarGths. Unlike aarLh, aarFsh alone was able to induce spermiation, the best results were achieved in the fish that were treated with a constant dose of aarFSH and an increasing dose of aarLH, with spermiation being induced (20% motile cells) despite the fact that these fish were immature at the start of the experiment. In order to improve sperm quality, a second experiment was performed. Immature males received three constant doses of aarFsh (2.8, 1.4 or 0.7 ¿g/fish) and increasing doses of aarLh (every 3 weeks; 1, 2, 6 ¿g/fish). All the treatments induced spermiation, however the best sperm quality (with ¿50% motile cells) was observed in the males treated with the highest dose of aarFsh. In conclusion, these specific recombinant gonadotropins have demonstrated their capacity to induce spermatogenesis and spermiation in vivo in a teleost fish, the European eel.This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 642893 (EN IMPRESS), the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (Project REPRO-TEMP; AGL2013-41646-R), Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/051), VLC/CAMPUS Program (SP20140630) and the COST Office (COST Action FA1205: AQUAGAMETE). VG has a postdoc grant from the UPV (PAID-10-14). We would like to thank M.S. Ibanez for carrying out the ELISAs.Peñaranda, D.; Gallego Albiach, V.; Rozenfeld, C.; Herranz-Jusdado, JG.; Pérez Igualada, LM.; Gómez, A.; Giménez, I.... (2018). Using specific recombinant gonadotropins to induce spermatogenesis and spermiation in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Theriogenology. 107:6-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.11.002S62010

The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer, MEDA. A Suite of Environmental Sensors for the Mars 2020 Mission

86 pags., 49 figs., 24 tabs.NASA’s Mars 2020 (M2020) rover mission includes a suite of sensors to monitor current environmental conditions near the surface of Mars and to constrain bulk aerosol properties from changes in atmospheric radiation at the surface. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) consists of a set of meteorological sensors including wind sensor, a barometer, a relative humidity sensor, a set of 5 thermocouples to measure atmospheric temperature at ∼1.5 m and ∼0.5 m above the surface, a set of thermopiles to characterize the thermal IR brightness temperatures of the surface and the lower atmosphere. MEDA adds a radiation and dust sensor to monitor the optical atmospheric properties that can be used to infer bulk aerosol physical properties such as particle size distribution, non-sphericity, and concentration. The MEDA package and its scientific purpose are described in this document as well as how it responded to the calibration tests and how it helps prepare for the human exploration of Mars. A comparison is also presented to previous environmental monitoring payloads landed on Mars on the Viking, Pathfinder, Phoenix, MSL, and InSight spacecraft.This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the projects No. ESP2014-54256-C4-1-R (also -2-R, -3-R and -4-R) and AYA2015-65041-P; Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, projects No. ESP2016-79612-C3-1-R (also -2-R and -3-R), ESP2016-80320-C2-1-R, RTI2018-098728-B-C31 (also -C32 and -C33) and RTI2018-099825-B-C31; Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial; Ministry of Science and Innovation’s Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology; Grupos Gobierno Vasco IT1366-19; and European Research Council Consolidator Grant no 818602. The US co-authors performed their work under sponsorship from NASA’s Mars 2020 project, from the Game Changing Development program within the Space Technology Mission Directorate and from the Human Exploration and Operations Directorate

Multiple myeloma and SARS-CoV-2 infection: clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of inpatient mortality

There is limited information on the characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) hospitalized with COVID-19. This retrospective case series investigated 167 patients reported from 73 hospitals within the Spanish Myeloma Collaborative Group network in March and April, 2020. Outcomes were compared with 167 randomly selected, contemporary, age-/sex-matched noncancer patients with COVID-19 admitted at six participating hospitals. Among MM and noncancer patients, median age was 71 years, and 57% of patients were male; 75 and 77% of patients, respectively, had at least one comorbidity. COVID-19 clinical severity was moderate–severe in 77 and 89% of patients and critical in 8 and 4%, respectively. Supplemental oxygen was required by 47 and 55% of MM and noncancer patients, respectively, and 21%/9% vs 8%/6% required noninvasive/invasive ventilation. Inpatient mortality was 34 and 23% in MM and noncancer patients, respectively. Among MM patients, inpatient mortality was 41% in males, 42% in patients aged >65 years, 49% in patients with active/progressive MM at hospitalization, and 59% in patients with comorbid renal disease at hospitalization, which were independent prognostic factors on adjusted multivariate analysis. This case series demonstrates the increased risk and identifies predictors of inpatient mortality among MM patients hospitalized with COVID-19

Evidence for distinct antagonist-revealed functional states of 5-HT_2A receptor homodimers

The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) 2A receptor is a cell surface class A G protein-coupled receptor that regulates a multitude of physiological functions of the body, and is a target for antipsychotic drugs. Here we found by means of FRET and immunoprecipitation studies that the 5-HT2A-receptor homo-dimerized in live cells, which we linked with its antagonist-dependent fingerprint in both binding and receptor signaling. Some antagonists, like the atypical antipsychotics clozapine and risperidone, differentiate themselves from others, like the typical antipsychotic haloperidol, antagonizing these 5-HT2A receptor-mediated functions in a pathway-specific manner, explained here by a new model of multiple active interconvertible conformations at dimeric receptor