The Weak Charge of the Proton and New Physics

We address the physics implications of a precision determination of the weak charge of the proton, QWP, from a parity violating elastic electron proton scattering experiment to be performed at the Jefferson Laboratory. We present the Standard Model (SM) expression for QWP including one-loop radiative corrections, and discuss in detail the theoretical uncertainties and missing higher order QCD corrections. Owing to a fortuitous cancellation, the value of QWP is suppressed in the SM, making it a unique place to look for physics beyond the SM. Examples include extra neutral gauge bosons, supersymmetry, and leptoquarks. We argue that a QWP measurement will provide an important complement to both high energy collider experiments and other low energy electroweak measurements. The anticipated experimental precision requires the knowledge of the order alpha_s corrections to the pure electroweak box contributions. We compute these contributions for QWP, as well as for the weak charges of heavy elements as determined from atomic parity violation.Comment: 22 pages of LaTeX, 5 figure

Search for contact interactions, large extra dimensions and finite quark radius in ep collisions at HERA

A search for physics beyond the Standard Model has been performed with high-Q^2 neutral current deep inelastic scattering events recorded with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Two data sets, e^+ p \to e^+ X and e^- p \to e^- X, with respective integrated luminosities of 112 pb^-1 and 16 pb^-1, were analyzed. The data reach Q^2 values as high as 40000 GeV^2. No significant deviations from Standard Model predictions were observed. Limits were derived on the effective mass scale in eeqq contact interactions, the ratio of leptoquark mass to the Yukawa coupling for heavy leptoquark models and the mass scale parameter in models with large extra dimensions. The limit on the quark charge radius, in the classical form factor approximation, is 0.85 10^-16 cm.Comment: 28 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters

Relativistic Laser-Matter Interaction and Relativistic Laboratory Astrophysics

The paper is devoted to the prospects of using the laser radiation interaction with plasmas in the laboratory relativistic astrophysics context. We discuss the dimensionless parameters characterizing the processes in the laser and astrophysical plasmas and emphasize a similarity between the laser and astrophysical plasmas in the ultrarelativistic energy limit. In particular, we address basic mechanisms of the charged particle acceleration, the collisionless shock wave and magnetic reconnection and vortex dynamics properties relevant to the problem of ultrarelativistic particle acceleration.Comment: 58 pages, 19 figure

Feasibility studies for the measurement of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors from p¯ p→ μ+μ- at P ¯ ANDA at FAIR

This paper reports on Monte Carlo simulation results for future measurements of the moduli of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors, | GE| and | GM| , using the p¯ p→ μ+μ- reaction at P ¯ ANDA (FAIR). The electromagnetic form factors are fundamental quantities parameterizing the electric and magnetic structure of hadrons. This work estimates the statistical and total accuracy with which the form factors can be measured at P ¯ ANDA , using an analysis of simulated data within the PandaRoot software framework. The most crucial background channel is p¯ p→ π+π-, due to the very similar behavior of muons and pions in the detector. The suppression factors are evaluated for this and all other relevant background channels at different values of antiproton beam momentum. The signal/background separation is based on a multivariate analysis, using the Boosted Decision Trees method. An expected background subtraction is included in this study, based on realistic angular distributions of the background contribution. Systematic uncertainties are considered and the relative total uncertainties of the form factor measurements are presented

WHO global research priorities for antimicrobial resistance in human health

The WHO research agenda for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in human health has identified 40 research priorities to be addressed by the year 2030. These priorities focus on bacterial and fungal pathogens of crucial importance in addressing AMR, including drug-resistant pathogens causing tuberculosis. These research priorities encompass the entire people-centred journey, covering prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of antimicrobial-resistant infections, in addition to addressing the overarching knowledge gaps in AMR epidemiology, burden and drivers, policies and regulations, and awareness and education. The research priorities were identified through a multistage process, starting with a comprehensive scoping review of knowledge gaps, with expert inputs gathered through a survey and open call. The priority setting involved a rigorous modified Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative approach, ensuring global representation and applicability of the findings. The ultimate goal of this research agenda is to encourage research and investment in the generation of evidence to better understand AMR dynamics and facilitate policy translation for reducing the burden and consequences of AMR

Information resources distribution between automated workstations in local corporative networks

This article focuses on the problem of optimal distribution of related information resources between automated workstations in local corporate networks. In this work we present a mathematical description of the algorithm for quasi-optimal distribution of related information resources at designing automated workstations in a local corporate network. The undirected graph describing the task of information resources optimal distribution is presented. The method of quasi-optimal distribution of related resources at designing automated workstations in the local corporative network is proposed based on the developed algorithm. Using conditional organization as an example the modeling of optimal distribution of related information resources has been considered in local corporative network. The described algorithm provides an opportunity to optimally distribute the information resource in the local corporate network, as well as solve the task of building reliable and efficient local networks. The proposed method of quasi-optimal distribution of related information resources can be used in corporation of any type.В статті розглядається проблематика оптимального розподілу пов’язаних інформаційних ресурсів між автоматизованими робочими станціями в локальних корпоративних мережах. В роботі представлено математичний опис алгоритму квазіоптимального розподілу пов’язаних інформаційних ресурсів при проектуванні автоматизованих робочих станцій в локальній корпоративній мережі. Наведено граф опису задачі оптимального розподілу ресурсів. На підставі розробленого алгоритму пропонується методика квазіоптимального розподілу пов’язаних ресурсів при проектуванні автоматизованих робочих станцій в локальній мережі організацій. Здійснено моделювання оптимального розподілу інформаційних ресурсів на прикладі умовної організації. Використання описаного алгоритму дозволяє оптимально розподіляти інформаційний ресурс в локальній корпоративній мережії, а також вирішувати питання побудови локальних мереж з високою надійністю та ефективністю використання. Запропонована методика квазіоптимального розподілу пов’язаних інформаційних ресурсів може застосовуватися в організаціях будь-якого рівня

Первичный кишечный анастомоз при перитоните у ребенка с гангренозно-перфоративным дивертикулитом Меккеля

This paper presents the treatment course of a 13-year-old child with Meckels gangrenous-perforative diverticulitis complicated by diffuse peritonitis. The perforation was localized at the base of Meckels diverticulum; therefore, ileal resection was performed. Peritonitis required a difficult choice of further surgical management, i.e., stoma formation or primary intestinal anastomosis. Nowadays, an enterostomy is considered the most reliable and rational surgical option after bowel resection in peritonitis conditions. However, this issue has become increasingly controversial. Many studies have confirmed the success of primary intestinal anastomosis, regardless of the severity of peritonitis and degree of contamination of the abdominal cavity, even noting the advantages of radical treatment and prevention of various stoma-related complications. In the presented clinical case, the child underwent primary intestinal anastomosis despite the exudative inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity. This option was chosen because of the stable general condition of the child, satisfactory central and peripheral hemodynamics, and absence of significant hydrobalance disorders. No complications occurred during the postoperative period. The child was discharged on postoperative day 7. In this study, we aimed to evaluate our experience with the primary anastomosis approach in peritonitis.Представлено клиническое наблюдение лечения ребенка 13 лет с гангренозно-перфоративным дивертикулитом Меккеля, осложненным разлитым перитонитом. Учитывая расположение перфорационного отверстия у основания дивертикула Меккеля, ребенку была выполнена резекция сегмента подвздошной кишки. Наличие перитонита требовало дальнейшего выбора хирургической тактики формирования кишечной стомы или выполнения первичного кишечного анастомоза. До настоящего времени после резекции кишки в условиях перитонита считается обоснованным формирование энтеростомы, как наиболее надежного и рационального оперативного приема. Однако в последние годы этот вопрос все больше становится дискуссионным. Ряд публикаций свидетельствует об успешности анастомозирования кишки вне зависимости от давности перитонита и степени контаминации брюшной полости, даже отмечая преимущества радикального лечения и профилактики различных осложнений кишечного стомирования. В представленном клиническом наблюдении, учитывая стабильное общее состояние ребенка, сохранную центральную и периферическую гемодинамику, отсутствие значимых нарушений водного баланса, ребенку было предпринято первичное кишечное анастомозирование, несмотря на наличие экссудативного воспалительного процесса в брюшной полости. В послеоперационном периоде осложнений не было. Ребенок был выписан на седьмые послеоперационные сутки. Суть научной работы заключается в анализе представленного опыта успешного применения тактики первичного анастомозирования кишки в условиях перитонита с учетом данных мировой литературы

ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ КОРМЛЕНИЯ ДЕТЕЙ С АГАНГЛИОЗОМ ТОЛСТОЙ КИШКИ НА ФОНЕ ПРОБИОТИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

The article discusses an issue of prescribing probiotics and enteral  nutrition products in children with colon agangliosis. In a prospective  study, it was found, that the use of a qualitative stool test for  Clostridium difficile toxins A and B during pre-operative period of Hirschsprung disease helps to determine the tactics for antibacterial  therapy, and the integrated use of a probiotic preparation and an enteral nutrition product in the perioperative period plays an important role in the prevention of severe complications, such as enterocolitis and antibiotic-associated diarrhea.В статье обсуждается дискуссионный вопрос назначения пробиотиков и продуктов  энтерального питания у детей с аганглиозом толстой кишки. В ходе проспективного  исследования было установлено, что использование в предоперационный период болезни  Гиршпрунга качественного анализа кала на токсины А и В Clostridium difficile помогает  определить тактику антибактериальной терапии, а комплексное применение пробиотического  препарата и продукта энтерального питания в периоперационном периоде играет важную роль  в профилактике тяжелых осложнений, таких как энтероколит и антибиотико-ассоциированная диарея