The state of the Martian climate

60°N was +2.0°C, relative to the 1981–2010 average value (Fig. 5.1). This marks a new high for the record. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly for 2016 for land stations north of starting in 1900, and is a significant increase over the previous highest value of +1.2°C, which was observed in 2007, 2011, and 2015. Average global annual temperatures also showed record values in 2015 and 2016. Currently, the Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of lower latitudes

Understanding and managing shared projects in SMEs networks

6th Working Conference on Virtual Enterprises, Valencia, SPAIN, SEP 26-28, 2005International audienceThis research work presents a management framework applied to a network of SMEs which organizes its production like a shared project. Starting from a set of network definitions and considering the collective nature of their activities and the concentration on the own core competences, the study tries to specify what is expected from the management. Then, it proposes a framework to plan and manage the collaborative work using concepts coming from project and risk management theories and practices based on the results of an empirical study in a twelve SMEs network from the aeronautical sector located in Toulouse, France. A specific typology of risks that affect the operation of networks is proposed. Additionally, work planning recommendations are presented