Επιπτώσεις της Πανδημίας COVID – 19 στην Εκπαίδευση

Η παρούσα εργασία εκπονείται στο πλαίσιο προγράμματος σπουδών, με σκοπό την απόκτηση μεταπτυχιακού τίτλου από το Πρόγραμμα Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών, στις Στρατηγικές Διαχείρισης Περιβάλλοντος, Καταστροφών και Κρίσεων του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών. Ο νέος κορονοϊός (COVID-19) εισέβαλε στη ζωή και την καθημερινότητα εκατομμυρίων ανθρώπων σε ολόκληρο τον πλανήτη. Αναμφισβήτητα κολυμπάμε σε αχαρτογράφητα νερά και το αποτέλεσμα της όλης προσπάθειας όσο αφορά τις ψυχολογικές και κοινωνικές επιπτώσεις, η έκταση, η ένταση και η διάρκεια των φαινομένων δεν μπορούν ακόμη να εκτιμηθούν με ακρίβεια. Η πανδημία Covid-19 έχει πλήξει την ανθρωπότητα επηρεάζοντας πολλούς τομείς της ζωής μας όπως την ψυχολογική, την κοινωνική καθώς και το πεδίο της εκπαίδευσης. Αυτό που δεν πρέπει να ξεχνάμε είναι ότι, εκπαιδευτικοί και μαθητές κλήθηκαν να προσαρμοστούν άμεσα στις νέες απαιτήσεις και καλούνται να συνεχίσουν σε ένα περιβάλλον εκπαίδευσης το οποίο έμοιαζε να έχει πρόσκαιρο χαρακτήρα. Οι τρόποι εκπαίδευσης που επιλέχθηκαν για την αντιμετώπιση του φαινομένου ήταν πολλοί, άλλοτε πετυχημένοι και άλλοτε αποτυχημένοι. Με εμφανή κάποια από τα αποτελέσματα, στις περισσότερες των περιπτώσεων, υποστηρίζονται ακόμα και τώρα οι νέοι αυτοί τρόποι εκπαίδευσης είτε γιατί δαπανήθηκαν τεράστια ποσά προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση, είτε γιατί τελικά οι νέοι αυτοί τρόποι είναι αποτέλεσμα της τεχνολογίας και αργά ή γρήγορα θα οδηγούμασταν σε αυτό. Στην πτυχιακή, θα γίνει προσπάθεια αποτύπωσης των επιπτώσεων του COVID-19 στην εκπαίδευση και των επιπτώσεων που ενδεχομένως θα έχει στα επόμενα χρόνια. Η δυσκολία έγκειται στο ότι δυστυχώς οι επιπτώσεις αυτές δεν είναι άμεσα εμφανείς και τα αποτελέσματά τους θα κληθούμε να τα αντιμετωπίσουμε τα επόμενα χρόνια. Σίγουρα όμως, όπως και σε κάθε νέα διαδικασία, δεν υπάρχουν μόνο θετικές ή αρνητικές εκφάνσεις αλλά πολλοί παράγοντες που σχετίζονται μεταξύ τους. Θα παρατεθούν γενικοί ορισμοί περί πανδημίας, εκπαίδευσης και υγείας. Θα καταγραφούν τα πλεονεκτήματα και μειονεκτήματα της νέας μεθόδου και θα διανεμηθεί ερωτηματολόγιο προκειμένου να απαντήσουν διάφορες κοινωνικές ομάδες όπως είναι οι δάσκαλοι, καθηγητές αλλά και ενήλικες εκπαιδευόμενοι, ώστε να αποτυπωθεί μια σφαιρική εικόνα περί εκπαίδευσης, στην εποχή της πανδημίας, με απώτερο σκοπό να εντοπιστούν οι επιπτώσεις στην ψυχολογία τους άρα και στην απόδοσή τους.The present work is prepared in the framework of a study program, with the aim of obtaining a postgraduate degree from the Postgraduate Program in Environmental, Disaster and Crisis Management Strategies of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. The new corona virus (COVID-19) has invaded the lives and daily lives of millions of people around the world. Undoubtedly we swim in uncharted waters and the result of all the effort in terms of psychological and social effects, the extent, intensity and duration of the phenomena cannot yet be accurately estimated. The Covid-19 pandemic has affected humanity affecting many areas of our lives such as psychological, social as well as the field of education. What we must not forget is that teachers and students were called upon to adapt immediately to the new requirements and are called upon to continue in an educational environment which seemed to be of a temporary nature. The training methods chosen to deal with the phenomenon were many, sometimes successful and sometimes unsuccessful. With some obvious results, in most cases, these new ways of education are still supported, either because huge sums of money have been spent in this direction, or because in the end these new ways are the result of technology and sooner or later we would be led to it. In the dissertation, an attempt will be made to capture the effects of COVID-19 on education and the effects it may have in the coming years. The difficulty lies in the fact that unfortunately these effects are not immediately apparent and their effects we will be called upon to face in the coming years. But surely, as in any new process, there are not only positive or negative aspects but many interrelated factors. General definitions of pandemic, education and health will be provided. The advantages and disadvantages of the new method will be recorded and a questionnaire will be distributed in order to answer various social groups such as teachers, educators and adult learners, in order to capture a global picture of education in the pandemic era, with the ultimate goal of identifying effects on their psychology and therefore on their performance

Ελευθερία και Δικαιοσύνη στο πλαίσιο της Ανοικτής Κοινωνίας

Η διατριβή αυτή αποτελεί μια μελέτη πολιτικής επιστημολογίας και κοινωνιολογίας της επιστήμης, απαντώντας στο επιστημολογικό πρόβλημα του σχετικισμού και του αρνητισμού, το οποίο συνυφαίνεται με συγκεκριμένα πολιτικά και κοινωνικά προβλήματα της εποχής, αντλώντας επιχειρήματα από το ποππεριανό επιστημολογικό πρόγραμμα.This dissertation is a study in political epistemology and sociology of science that answers the epistemological problems of relativism and denialism which are intertwined with current specific political and social problematics, drawing upon the popperian epistemology for tentative solutions

Intangibles and their role in short-and long-run IPO performance

Previous studies have investigated the impact of R&D on long-run returns of seasoned companies and IPOs of all industries and of broad time intervals, thereby excluding all intangibles reported on the balance sheet, as well as goodwill. This thesis includes various identifiable intangibles during the “technology” or “Dot Com” IPO boom period from 1995 to 2000. The objective has been to analyze IPO short- and long-run performance through measurement of intangibles and investigate their impact in valuations and returns comparing two separate samples with IPOs and seasoned companies of same size and industry respectively. Three specific issues were addressed: Do companies decide to go public when growth opportunities are at their highest, expressed in practice by higher IPO intangible intensity as compared to seasoned companies? Are intangibles valued differently in IPOs and seasoned companies? Does intangible intensity influence IPO short- and long-run abnormal returns? The testing procedure for the three issues comprised five individual hypotheses comparing intangible intensities between IPOs and matching seasoned companies at the time of offer and three years later, investigating whether the issuer/market expenses or capitalizes R&D and MSGA costs of IPOs, comparing the magnitude of intangible valuations between IPOs and seasoned companies, as well as analyzing the effect of intangible intensity upon short- and long-run performance. Issues for further research are outlined. Results are rather inconclusive demonstrating that the nature of the outcome depends on the definition of intensity as well as the time interval examined. There is certain evidence that IPOs show higher intangible intensities relatively to seasoned firms and that both capitalize their R&D expenses. It is clear that IPOs intangibles are valued higher than those of matching seasoned companies. Further, only in some cases intangible intensive IPOs show higher first day returns and a better market performance. As a result it is understood that IPOs may fail to reach higher growth opportunities and so their higher valuation may not necessarily be justified. Further, the short- and long-run return results of the study agree with literature in that excess returns may vary depending on what and how these are measured

Citescore of publications indexed in Scopus: an implementation of panel data

This article is intended to establish the variables that explain the behavior of the CiteScore metrics from 2014 to 2016, for journals indexed in Scopus in 2017. With this purpose, journals with a CiteScore value greater than 11 were selected in any of the periods, that is to say, 133 journals. For the data analysis, a model of standard corrected errors for panel was used, from which a coefficient of determination of 77% was obtained. From the results, it was possible to state that journals of arts and humanities; business; administration and accounting; economics, econometrics, and finance; immunology and microbiology; medicine and social sciences, have the greatest impact.Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Universidad de La Habana, Universidad de la Costa

The splicing factor XAB2 interacts with ERCC1-XPF and XPG for R-loop processing

RNA splicing, transcription and the DNA damage response are intriguingly linked in mammals but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using an in vivo biotinylation tagging approach in mice, we show that the splicing factor XAB2 interacts with the core spliceosome and that it binds to spliceosomal U4 and U6 snRNAs and pre-mRNAs in developing livers. XAB2 depletion leads to aberrant intron retention, R-loop formation and DNA damage in cells. Studies in illudin S-treated cells and Csb(m/m) developing livers reveal that transcription-blocking DNA lesions trigger the release of XAB2 from all RNA targets tested. Immunoprecipitation studies reveal that XAB2 interacts with ERCC1-XPF and XPG endonucleases outside nucleotide excision repair and that the trimeric protein complex binds RNA:DNA hybrids under conditions that favor the formation of R-loops. Thus, XAB2 functionally links the spliceosomal response to DNA damage with R-loop processing with important ramifications for transcription-coupled DNA repair disorders

Acknowledging and citing core facilities Key contributions to data lifecycle should be recognised in the scientific literature

Core facilities play a central role in the life sciences by generating data and ensuring quality standards. Their contributions to research should be appropriately acknowledged or cited in research papers.Non peer reviewe

Big data in an HR context: Exploring organizational change readiness, employee attitudes and behaviors

YesThis research highlights a contextual application for big data within a HR case study setting. This is achieved through the development of a normative conceptual model that seeks to envelop employee behaviors and attitudes in the context of organizational change readiness. This empirical application considers a data sample from a large public sector organization and through applying Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) identifies salary, job promotion, organizational loyalty and organizational identity influences on employee job satisfaction (suggesting and mediating employee readiness for organizational change). However in considering this specific context, the authors highlight how, where and why such a normative approach to employee factors may be limited and thus, proposes through a framework which brings together big data principles, implementation approaches and management commitment requirements can be applied and harnessed more effectively in order to assess employee attitudes and behaviors as part of wider HR predictive analytics (HRPA) approaches. The researchers conclude with a discussion on these research elements and a set of practical, conceptual and management implications of the findings along with recommendations for future research in the area

Delayed and Accelerated Aging Share Common Longevity Assurance Mechanisms

Mutant dwarf and calorie-restricted mice benefit from healthy aging and unusually long lifespan. In contrast, mouse models for DNA repair-deficient progeroid syndromes age and die prematurely. To identify mechanisms that regulate mammalian longevity, we quantified the parallels between the genome-wide liver expression profiles of mice with those two extremes of lifespan. Contrary to expectation, we find significant, genome-wide expression associations between the progeroid and long-lived mice. Subsequent analysis of significantly over-represented biological processes revealed suppression of the endocrine and energy pathways with increased stress responses in both delayed and premature aging. To test the relevance of these processes in natural aging, we compared the transcriptomes of liver, lung, kidney, and spleen over the entire murine adult lifespan and subsequently confirmed these findings on an independent aging cohort. The majority of genes showed similar expression changes in all four organs, indicating a systemic transcriptional response with aging. This systemic response included the same biological processes that are triggered in progeroid and long-lived mice. However, on a genome-wide scale, transcriptomes of naturally aged mice showed a strong association to progeroid but not to long-lived mice. Thus, endocrine and metabolic changes are indicative of “survival” responses to genotoxic stress or starvation, whereas genome-wide associations in gene expression with natural aging are indicative of biological age, which may thus delineate pro- and anti-aging effects of treatments aimed at health-span extension