Guardiões das águas mirins: integrando experiências de preservação de recursos hídricos e educação ambiental no município de Tenente Portela-RS

The increase in population and economic activity has imposed negative environmental consequences to the global reality, resulting in losses in quality and quantity of water resources. Faced with this, environmental education appears as guiding changes of concepts and attitudes. This research aimed to promote the spread of practices of conservation, preservation and restoration of water resources in the school, by monitoring the actions of the Pilot Pony Keepers of the Waters in the City of Tenente Portela - RS developed with students at the State College of Education Primary General Osório. The adopted action research as a methodology. In this research, participants no longer the object of study for researchers and producers are aware of their own reality. The education and training of teachers to work in environmental education in all areas of education were paramount, thus the activities with students accounted effective tools to successfully create and implement ways of interaction between society and nature. It was found optimal results this initiative by raising awareness of the students and school community shares were viable in improving the local environment leading to the preservation and care of water resources.O aumento da população e das atividades econômicas vem impondo consequências ambientais negativas à realidade mundial, que resultam em perdas na qualidade e na quantidade dos recursos hídricos. Frente a isso, a Educação Ambiental aparece como norteadora de mudanças de conceitos e posturas. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo promover o fomento de práticas de conservação, preservação e recuperação de recursos hídricos na escola, através do acompanhamento das ações do Projeto Piloto Guardiões das Águas Mirins no Município de Tenente Portela – RS, desenvolvidas com os alunos da Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental General Osório. Adotou-se a pesquisa-ação como metodologia. Nesta pesquisa, os participantes deixaram de ser objeto de estudos para serem pesquisadores e produtores de conhecimento de sua própria realidade. A formação e a capacitação dos professores para trabalhar a Educação Ambiental em todas as áreas do ensino foram de suma importância, desta maneira as atividades realizadas com os alunos se apresentaram como instrumentos eficazes para se conseguir criar e aplicar formas de interação sociedade-natureza. Verificou-se, com esta iniciativa, resultados otimizados, através da sensibilização dos alunos e da comunidade escolar as ações foram viáveis na melhoria do ambiente local conduzindo na preservação e no cuidado com os recursos hídricos

Social Relations and the Green Critique of Capitalism in Melanesia

In this article, I explore what a critical environmental perspective would look like in Melanesia, where the distinction between nature and culture, and the expectation that science interprets the former in terms of the latter, may not apply. I consider changes in scientific knowledge production and the shift from cultural ecology to political ecology in Melanesian anthropology, including the argument that Melanesians are neither conservationists nor environmentalists. In contrast, I show how people exposed to pollution from the Ok Tedi copper and gold mine in Papua New Guinea mobilize their understandings of difference in a green critique of capitalism. I examine a strategy session of local activists, a public meeting about their campaign against the mine, and a sorcery tribunal. Finally, I suggest that Melanesian ideas about social relations provide a useful ethnographic analogy for thinking about the mobility and short temporal horizons of contemporary capitalism.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65577/1/j.1548-1433.2008.00039.x.pd

Residual stress analysis and finite element modelling of repair-welded titanium sheets

An innovative FE modelling approach has been tested to investigate the effects of weld repair thin sheets of titanium alloy, taking into account pre-existing stress field in the components. In the case study analysed, the residual stress fields due to the original welds are introduced by means of a preliminary sequentially-coupled thermo-mechanical analysis and considered as pre-existing stress in the sheets for the subsequent weld simulation. Comparisons are presented between residual stress predictions and experimental measurements available from the literature with the aim of validating the numerical procedure. As a destructive sectioning technique was used in the reference experimental measurements, an investigation is also presented on the use of the element deactivation strategy when adopted to simulate material removal. Although the numerical tool is an approximate approach to simulate the actual material removal, the strategy appears to compute a physical strain relaxation and stress redistribution in the remaining part of the component. The weld repair modelling strategy and the element deactivation tool adopted to simulate the residual stress measurement technique are shown to predict residual stress trends which are very well correlated with experimental findings from the literature

The relationship between transliminality, hypnotic and imaginative suggestibility, and other personality traits

Data availability: We have shared a link to the data within the manuscript.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. To our knowledge, no study has directly examined the link between hypnotic response and the personality trait of transliminality (which is underpinned, for example, by magical ideation, mystical experience, fantasy proneness, absorption, hyperaesthesia). In order to further understand the correlates of suggestibility, the aim of the current project was to investigate whether transliminality is associated with hypnotic and imaginative suggestibility (considering: objective response, subjective response and involuntariness). Another aim was to assess the contribution of transliminality as a predictor of suggestibility when a range of previously studied personality trait measures were considered. Participants completed: the Revised Transliminality Scale, Tellegen Absorption Scale, Creative Experiences Questionnaire, and the Dissociative Experiences Scale II. To avoid context effects, where knowledge or measurement of one trait or ability might influence measurement of another, a separate standalone study was conducted where hypnotic and imaginative (without hypnosis) suggestibility screenings were carried out in-person in small groups using the modified Carleton University Responsiveness to Suggestion Scale. The merging of these two datasets enabled the analyses. Transliminality was weakly correlated with the imaginative suggestibility subjective response measure (r = 0.19). Likewise, weak correlations were found between transliminality and the hypnotic suggestibility response measures (objective, r = 0.21, subjective, r = 0.23, involuntariness, r = 0.24). The multiple regressions (forward selection) reflected the pattern of correlations, with no model for any of the variables, retaining more than a single significant predictor. In summary, this study combination, avoiding context effects, shows transliminality to be a weak predictor of response to suggestion.The Leverhulme Trust (grant number RPG-2017-291) to W McGeown (Principal Investigator), A Venneri, G Mazzoni and I Kirsch, and The BIAL Foundation (grant number 269/18) to W McGeown (Principal Investigator), R Tate, A Venneri, G Mazzoni and I Kirsch

The relationship between transliminality, hypnotic and imaginative suggestibility, and other personality traits

To our knowledge, no study has directly examined the link between hypnotic response and the personality trait of transliminality (which is underpinned, for example, by magical ideation, mystical experience, fantasy proneness, absorption, hyperaesthesia). In order to further understand the correlates of suggestibility, the aim of the current project was to investigate whether transliminality is associated with hypnotic and imaginative suggestibility (considering: objective response, subjective response and involuntariness). Another aim was to assess the contribution of transliminality as a predictor of suggestibility when a range of previously studied personality trait measures were considered. Participants completed: the Revised Transliminality Scale, Tellegen Absorption Scale, Creative Experiences Questionnaire, and the Dissociative Experiences Scale II. To avoid context effects, where knowledge or measurement of one trait or ability might influence measurement of another, a separate standalone study was conducted where hypnotic and imaginative (without hypnosis) suggestibility screenings were carried out in-person in small groups using the modified Carleton University Responsiveness to Suggestion Scale. The merging of these two datasets enabled the analyses. Transliminality was weakly correlated with the imaginative suggestibility subjective response measure (r = 0.19). Likewise, weak correlations were found between transliminality and the hypnotic suggestibility response measures (objective, r = 0.21, subjective, r = 0.23, involuntariness, r = 0.24). The multiple regressions (forward selection) reflected the pattern of correlations, with no model for any of the variables, retaining more than a single significant predictor. In summary, this study combination, avoiding context effects, shows transliminality to be a weak predictor of response to suggestion

Photochemically active DNA-intercalating ruthenium and related complexes – insights by combining crystallography and transient spectroscopy

Recent research on the study of the interaction of ruthenium polypyridyl compounds and defined sequence nucleic acids is reviewed. Particular emphasis is paid to complexes [Ru(LL)2(Int)]2+ containing potentially intercalating ligands (Int) such as dipyridophenazine (dppz), which are known to display light-switching or photo-oxidising behaviour, depending on the nature of the ancillary ligands. X-ray crystallography has made a key contribution to our understanding, and the first complete survey of structural results is presented. These include sequence, enantiomeric, substituent and structural specificities. The use of ultrafast transient spectrocopic methods to probe the ultrafast processes for complexes such as [Ru(TAP)2(dppz)]2+ and [Ru(phen)2(dppz)]2+ when bound to mixed sequence oligonucleotides are reviewed with particular attention being paid to the complementary advantages of transient (visible) absorption and time-resolved (mid) infra-red techniques to probe spectral changes in the metal complex and in the nucleic acid. The observed photophysical properties are considered in light of the structural information obtained from X-ray crystallography. In solution, metal complexes can be expected to bind at more than one DNA step, so that a perfect correlation of the photophysical properties and factors such as the orientation or penetration of the ligand into the intercalation pocket should not be expected. This difficulty can be obviated by carrying out TRIR studies in the crystals. Dppz complexes also undergo insertion, especially with mismatched sequences. Future areas for study such as those involving non-canonical forms of DNA, such as G-quadruplexes or i-motifs are also briefly considered

A three-dimensional discriminant analysis approach for hyperspectral images

Raman hyperspectral imaging is a powerful technique that provides both chemical and spatial information of a sample matrix being studied. The generated data are composed of three-dimensional (3D) arrays containing the spatial information across the x- and y-axis, and the spectral information in the z-axis. Unfolding procedures are commonly employed to analyze this type of data in a multivariate fashion, where the spatial dimension is reshaped and the spectral data fits into a two-dimensional (2D) structure and, thereafter, common first-order chemometric algorithms are applied to process the data. There are only a few algorithms capable of working with the full 3D array. Herein, we propose new algorithms for 3D discriminant analysis of hyperspectral images based on a three-dimensional principal component analysis linear discriminant analysis (3D-PCA-LDA) and a three-dimensional discriminant analysis quadratic discriminant analysis (3D-PCA-QDA) approach. The analysis was performed in order to discriminate simulated and real-world data, comprising benign controls and ovarian cancer samples based on Raman hyperspectral imaging, in which 3D-PCA-LDA and 3D-PCA-QDA achieved far superior performance than classical algorithms using unfolding procedures (PCA-LDA, PCA-QDA, partial lest squares discriminant analysis [PLS-DA], and support vector machines [SVM]), where the classification accuracies improved from 66% to 83% (simulated data) and from 50% to 100% (real-world dataset) after employing the 3D techniques. 3D-PCA-LDA and 3D-PCA-QDA are new approaches for discriminant analysis of hyperspectral images multisets to provide faster and superior classification performance than traditional techniques

Plex: Towards Reliability using Pretrained Large Model Extensions

A recent trend in artificial intelligence is the use of pretrained models for language and vision tasks, which have achieved extraordinary performance but also puzzling failures. Probing these models' abilities in diverse ways is therefore critical to the field. In this paper, we explore the reliability of models, where we define a reliable model as one that not only achieves strong predictive performance but also performs well consistently over many decision-making tasks involving uncertainty (e.g., selective prediction, open set recognition), robust generalization (e.g., accuracy and proper scoring rules such as log-likelihood on in- and out-of-distribution datasets), and adaptation (e.g., active learning, few-shot uncertainty). We devise 10 types of tasks over 40 datasets in order to evaluate different aspects of reliability on both vision and language domains. To improve reliability, we developed ViT-Plex and T5-Plex, pretrained large model extensions for vision and language modalities, respectively. Plex greatly improves the state-of-the-art across reliability tasks, and simplifies the traditional protocol as it improves the out-of-the-box performance and does not require designing scores or tuning the model for each task. We demonstrate scaling effects over model sizes up to 1B parameters and pretraining dataset sizes up to 4B examples. We also demonstrate Plex's capabilities on challenging tasks including zero-shot open set recognition, active learning, and uncertainty in conversational language understanding.Comment: Code available at https://goo.gle/plex-cod

Measurement of the B0 anti-B0 oscillation frequency using l- D*+ pairs and lepton flavor tags

The oscillation frequency Delta-md of B0 anti-B0 mixing is measured using the partially reconstructed semileptonic decay anti-B0 -> l- nubar D*+ X. The data sample was collected with the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider during 1992 - 1995 by triggering on the existence of two lepton candidates in an event, and corresponds to about 110 pb-1 of pbar p collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV. We estimate the proper decay time of the anti-B0 meson from the measured decay length and reconstructed momentum of the l- D*+ system. The charge of the lepton in the final state identifies the flavor of the anti-B0 meson at its decay. The second lepton in the event is used to infer the flavor of the anti-B0 meson at production. We measure the oscillation frequency to be Delta-md = 0.516 +/- 0.099 +0.029 -0.035 ps-1, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.Comment: 30 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Physical Review

Search for New Particles Decaying to top-antitop in proton-antiproton collisions at squareroot(s)=1.8 TeV

We use 106 \ipb of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab to search for narrow-width, vector particles decaying to a top and an anti-top quark. Model independent upper limits on the cross section for narrow, vector resonances decaying to \ttbar are presented. At the 95% confidence level, we exclude the existence of a leptophobic \zpr boson in a model of topcolor-assisted technicolor with mass M_{\zpr} $<$ 480 \gev for natural width $\Gamma$ = 0.012 M_{\zpr}, and M_{\zpr} $<$ 780 \gev for $\Gamma$ = 0.04 M_{\zpr}.Comment: The CDF Collaboration, submitted to PRL 25-Feb-200