Identification of main contributions to conductivity of epitaxial InN

Complex effect of different contributions (spontaneously formed In nanoparticles, near-interface, surface and bulk layers) on electrophysical properties of InN epitaxial films is studied. Transport parameters of the surface layer are determined from the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations measured in undoped and Mg-doped InN films at magnetic fields up to 63 T. It is shown that the In nanoparticles, near-interface and bulk layers play the dominant role in the electrical conductivity of InN, while influence of the surface layer is pronounced only in the compensated low-mobility InN:Mg films

Pulsations and Long-Term Light Variability of Three Candidates to Protoplanetary Nebulae

We present new photometric data and analysis of the long-duration UBV photoelectric observations for three candidates to protoplanetary objects - F-supergiants with IR-excesses located at large galactic latitudes, IRAS 18095+2704, IRAS 19386+0155, and IRAS 19500-1709. All three stars have revealed quasiperiodic low-amplitude variabilities caused by pulsations observed against the long-term trends of brightnesses. For IRAS 18095+2704=V887 Her we have found a pulsation period of 109 days and a linear trend of brightness under the constant colours if being averaged over the year timescale. The light curve of IRAS 19386+0155=V1648 Aql over 2000-2008 can be approximated by a wave with a main period of 102 days which is modulated by close frequency, with a period of 98 days, that results in brightness oscillations with a variable amplitude. V1648 Aql has also shown synchronous reddening together with a persistent rise of brightness in the V-band. IRAS 19500-1709=V5112 Sgr experiences irregular pulsations with the periods of 39 and 47 days. The long-term component of the variability of V5112 Sgr may be related to the binary character of this star.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Pis'ma Astron. Z

AFM investigation of titanium VT1-0 structure destroyed during multicyclic fatigue after electron-beam treatment

В данной работе было проведено исследование методами атомно-силовой и оптической микроскопии образца титана ВТ1-0, подвергнутого разрушению при многоцикловой усталости и предварительно обработанного электронным пучком. Проведен анализ использования данных методов при изучении структуры материала.In this paper, a study was conducted by atomic force and optical microscopy of titanium VT1-0 sample subjected to degradation at high cycle fatigue and pre-treated by the electron beam. The analysis of the use of these methods in the study of the structure of the material was performed.Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке государственного задания (номер заявки 3.1283.2017/ПЧ) и гранта РФФИ (проект № 16-43-700659-р_сибирь_а)

Influence of Electrical Potential on Mechanical Properties of Commercially Pure Titanium

The influence of the electric potential on the mechanical properties of commercially pure titanium was studied. At the range from 0 to 0.1 V microhardness increases to 11 %, compared with the initial state. The elastic modulus reaches a maximum value at 1 V, exceeding »3 times the initial value.В работе исследовано влияние электрического потенциала на механические свойства технически чистого титана марки ВТ1–0. Установлено, что в интервале от 0 до 0,1 В микротвердость увеличивается до 11 % по сравнению с исходным состоянием. Модуль упругости достигает максимального значения при 1 В, превышающего в »3 раза значение в исходном состоянии.Исследование выполнено по гранте при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19–32–50036

Point mutations in the Rpb9-homologous domain of Rpc11 that impair transcription termination by RNA polymerase III

RNA polymerase III recognizes and pauses at its terminator, an oligo(dT) tract in non-template DNA, terminates 3′ oligo(rU) synthesis within this sequence, and releases the RNA. The pol III subunit Rpc11p (C11) mediates RNA 3′–5′ cleavage in the catalytic center of pol III during pausing. The amino and carboxyl regions of C11 are homologous to domains of the pol II subunit Rpb9p, and the pol II elongation and RNA cleavage factor, TFIIS, respectively. We isolated C11 mutants from Schizosaccharomyces pombe that cause pol III to readthrough terminators in vivo. Mutant RNA confirmed the presence of terminator readthrough transcripts. A predominant mutation site, F32, resides in the C11 Rpb9-like domain. Another mutagenic approach confirmed the F32 mutation and also isolated I34 and Y30 mutants. Modeling Y30, F32 and I34 of C11 in available cryoEM pol III structures predicts a hydrophobic patch that may interface with C53/37. Another termination mutant, Rpc2-T455I, appears to reside internally, near the RNA–DNA hybrid. We show that the Rpb9 and TFIIS homologous mutants of C11 reflect distinct activities, that differentially affect terminator recognition and RNA 3′ cleavage. We propose that these C11 domains integrate action at the upper jaw and center of pol III during termination

Changing the Structure of the Titanium Alloy VT1–0, Exposed to Electropulsing in Multicycle Fatigue

The analysis of the defective substructure of titanium alloy under fatigue loading after electropulsing and without it was carried out. The mechanisms responsible for increasing fatigue life are revealed. Electropulsing of samples, carried out at the intermediate stage of testing increases the fatigue life of the material in ≈1.3 times.В работе был проведен анализ изменения дефектной субструктуры образцов из титанового сплава ВТ1–0 при усталостном нагружении после токовой импульсной обработке и без нее. Выявлены механизмы, ответственные за повышение усталостного ресурса. Токовая импульсная обработка образцов, осуществляемая на промежуточной стадии испытаний, приводит к увеличению усталостной долговечности материала в ≈1,3 раза относительно исходных образцов

Genetic Variability of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus A Strains Circulating in Ontario: A Novel Genotype with a 72 Nucleotide G Gene Duplication

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the main cause of acute lower respiratory infections in children under 2 years of age and causes repeated infections throughout life. We investigated the genetic variability of RSV-A circulating in Ontario during 2010–2011 winter season by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the G glycoprotein gene

Случай сочетанной инфекции оспы обезьян и вируса простого герпеса 1 типа

The first Russian clinical case of monkeypox in combination with herpes simplex type 1 infection in a 29-year-old man who returned from Portugal is described. The protocols for sequencing the virus genome are presented. Particular attention is paid to the difficulty of diagnosing vesicular rash in patients with a suspicious history.Описан первый в России клинический случай оспы обезьян в сочетании с инфекцией простого герпеса 1-го типа у мужчины 29 лет, вернувшегося из Испании. Представлены протоколы секвенирования генома вируса. Особое внимание уделено сложности диагностики везикулярной сыпи у пациентов с подозрительным анамнезом

Клинико-патологический анализ летальных исходов в зависимости от генотипа коронавируса SARS-COV-2

The genotype of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pathogen plays an important role in the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of a new coronovirus infection. There are no published data on the morphological features of lesions caused by different virus genotypes.The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical, laboratory and morphological changes depending on the genotype of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 39 patients with COVID-19 with a severe course of the disease, which ended in death, who were hospitalized at the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin” in 20202022. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were assessed, including determination of the virus genotype, levels of leukocytes, lymphocytes, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, ferritin, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, interleukin-6. Macro- and microscopic changes were assessed, including immunohistochemical examination of the lungs and other organs using sera to CD14 68, 163, type 1 and 3 collagen. The preparations were digitized on a Panoramic scanner, morphometric studies were carried out using the SlideViewer program, including the quantitative determination of the content of CD68+ macrophages in 12 cases.Results. In all patients, the disease was complicated by the development of pneumonia, the majority had concomitant diseases (94.6%). The average time of hospitalization was 19.0±1.6 days, the average time of stay in the intensive care unit was 7.7±1.2 days. The analysis, depending on the genotype of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, showed a statistical difference between the age of patients, the length of stay in the intensive care unit and the level of lymphocytes. Differences in the average duration of hospitalization, the level of laboratory parameters were not revealed. Histopathological picture in all examined was approximately the same. The content of CD68+ macrophages per unit area in different genotypes did not differ, but varied significantly within the same genotype.Conclusion. Thus, it was not possible to identify significant differences between the changes caused by different genotypes of the new coronavirus, which can probably be explained by the fact that mutations do not include genome regions that are relevant to virulence factors, although further research is needed.Генотип вируса SARS-CoV-2 играет важную роль в эпидемиологической и клинической характеристике новой короновирусной инфекции. Литературные данные о морфологических особенностях поражений, обусловленных разными генотипами вируса, отсутствуют.Цель: оценка клинико-лабораторных и морфологических изменений в зависимости от генотипа вируса SARS-CoV-2.Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ медицинских карт 39 больных COVID-19 с тяжелым течением заболевания, закончившимся летальным исходом, находившихся на стационарном лечении в Клинической инфекционной больнице им. С.П. Боткина в 2020–2022 гг. Оценена клинико-лабораторная характеристика, включая определение генотипа вируса, уровни лейкоцитов, лимфоцитов, аланинаминотрансферазы, креатинина, ферритина, С-реактивного белка, Д-димера, интерлейкина-6. Произведена оценка макро- и микроскопических изменений, в том числе иммуногистохимическое исследование легких и других органов с использованием сывороток к СD14 68, 163, коллагену 1 и 3 типа. Препараты были оцифрованы на сканере Panoramic, морфометрические исследования проведены с использованием программы SlideViewer, в том числе количественно определено содержание CD68+ макрофагов в 12 наблюдениях.Результаты. У всех пациентов заболевание осложнилось развитием пневмонии, большинство имели сопутствующие заболевания (94,6%). Среднее время госпитализации 19,0±1,6 дня, среднее время пребывания в реанимационном отделении 7,7±1,2 дней. В зависимости от генотипа вируса SARS-CoV-2 установлены статистически значимые различия между возрастом больных, длительностью пребывания в отделении реанимации и уровнем лимфоцитов. Различий по средней продолжительности госпитализации, уровню лабораторных показателей не выявлено. Гистопатологическая картина у всех обследованных была примерно одинаковой. Содержание макрофагов CD68+ на единицу площади при различных генотипах не отличалось, но значительно колебалось в пределах одного генотипа.Заключение. Таким образом, существенных различий между изменениями, обусловленными разными генотипами нового коронавируса, выявить не удалось. Вероятно, это можно объяснить тем, что в состав мутаций не входят участки генома, релевантные факторам вирулентности, хотя необходимы дальнейшие исследования

Epidemiology, practice of ventilation and outcome for patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications

BACKGROUND Limited information exists about the epidemiology and outcome of surgical patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), and how intraoperative ventilation was managed in these patients. OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of surgical patients at increased risk of PPCs, and to compare the intraoperative ventilation management and postoperative outcomes with patients at low risk of PPCs. DESIGN This was a prospective international 1-week observational study using the ‘Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia risk score’ (ARISCAT score) for PPC for risk stratification. PATIENTS AND SETTING Adult patients requiring intraoperative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the incidence of patients at increased risk of PPCs based on the ARISCAT score. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative ventilatory management and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 9864 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The incidence of patients at increased risk was 28.4%. The most frequently chosen tidal volume (VT) size was 500 ml, or 7 to 9 ml kg1 predicted body weight, slightly lower in patients at increased risk of PPCs. Levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were slightly higher in patients at increased risk of PPCs, with 14.3% receiving more than 5 cmH2O PEEP compared with 7.6% in patients at low risk of PPCs (P < 0.001). Patients with a predicted preoperative increased risk of PPCs developed PPCs more frequently: 19 versus 7%, relative risk (RR) 3.16 (95% confidence interval 2.76 to 3.61), P < 0.001) and had longer hospital stays. The only ventilatory factor associated with the occurrence of PPCs was the peak pressure. CONCLUSION The incidence of patients with a predicted increased risk of PPCs is high. A large proportion of patients receive high VT and low PEEP levels. PPCs occur frequently in patients at increased risk, with worse clinical outcome