An initial intercomparison of atmospheric and oceanic climatology for the ICE-5G and ICE-4G models of LGM paleotopography

This paper investigates the impact of the new ICE-5G paleotopography dataset for Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) conditions on a coupled model simulation of the thermal and dynamical state of the glacial atmosphere and on both land surface and sea surface conditions. The study is based upon coupled climate simulations performed with the ocean–atmosphere–sea ice model of intermediate-complexity Climate de Bilt-coupled large-scale ice–ocean (ECBilt-Clio) model. Four simulations focusing on the Last Glacial Maximum [21 000 calendar years before present (BP)] have been analyzed: a first simulation (LGM-4G) that employed the original ICE-4G ice sheet topography and albedo, and a second simulation (LGM-5G) that employed the newly constructed ice sheet topography, denoted ICE-5G, and its respective albedo. Intercomparison of the results obtained in these experiments demonstrates that the LGM-5G simulation delivers significantly enhanced cooling over Canada compared to the LGM-4G simulation whereas positive temperature anomalies are simulated over southern North America and the northern Atlantic. Moreover, introduction of the ICE-5G topography is shown to lead to a deceleration of the subtropical westerlies and to the development of an intensified ridge over North America, which has a profound effect upon the hydrological cycle. Additionally, two flat ice sheet experiments were carried out to investigate the impact of the ice sheet albedo on global climate. By comparing these experiments with the full LGM simulations, it becomes evident that the climate anomalies between LGM-5G and LGM-4G are mainly driven by changes of the earth’s topography

Synthesis of new pseudo‐C‐nucleosides containing pyrazole rings in their structure

Synthetic approaches to new 4-(furanos-4-C-yl)-1H-pyrazole and 3-(furanos-4-C-yl)-1H-pyrazole derivatives are described, including its pyrazole-5-carboxylate derivative, which is a pyrazofurin analogue. Preparation of related 5-acetoxy-1-acetyl-1H-pyrazole, 5-acetoxy-1H-pyrazole-1-carboxylate, and 4,5-dihydro-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-one derivatives is also reported. The formation of the pyrazole rings was accomplished either by reaction of enones and of 1,3-diketones with N-nucleophiles or by ring closure of a diazoketone.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Apontamentos para a história da instrução primária no concelho de Guimarães.

28 (3-4) Jul.-Dez. 1911, p. 97-105

Physiological seed quality of 'BRS Mari' hot pepper during seed development and maturation.

Abstract 78

Relacionamento entre filhos adolescentes e seus pais e mães em um contexto de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher

Este trabalho buscou investigar, com base na perspectiva dos filhos, como se estabelece o relacionamento entre filhos adolescentes e seus pais e mães em famílias que vivenciam/vivenciaram a situação de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher. Para tanto, procedeu-se à entrevistas com 11 adolescentes de 12 a 16 anos, de ambos os sexos, membros de famílias em que tenha ocorrido a identificação de violência doméstica e familiar contra a mulher, perpetrada pelo pai contra a mãe do adolescente. Houve a mediação institucional da Coordenação de Atendimento a Vítimas de Violência Doméstica e Discriminação (CAVVID), localizada em Vitória-ES, e da Secretaria de Políticas Públicas para a Mulher (SEPPOM), localizada na Serra-ES para identificação dos participantes. As entrevistas ocorreram com base em um roteiro semiestruturado que teve por inspiração a Escala de Qualidade da Interação Familiar (EQIF). As questões abordaram a avaliação dos filhos acerca do ambiente familiar, especificamente do relacionamento do adolescente com a mãe e com o pai, sobre o modo como os adolescentes avaliavam a relação entre a mãe e o pai e como essa relação afetava a parentalidade. Recorreu-se à gravação e transcrição integral das entrevistas e depois à categorização e análise dos dados com base no método de análise de conteúdo. A discussão dos resultados ocorreu à luz da Teoria Bioecológica do Desenvolvimento Humano e da literatura sobre o tema. Os dados indicaram que os adolescentes percebiam as situações de conflito entre o pai e a mãe dentro do microssistema familiar, as quais os afetavam. Especificamente sobre o relacionamento com o pai, os adolescentes ressaltaram sentimentos negativos, queixaram-se da falta de disponibilidade do pai para estar com os filhos, dos seus comportamentos agressivos, não só com relação à mãe, mas com relação aos outros membros da família e do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas feito por ele. No que se refere aos aspectos positivos, os adolescentes relataram o suporte material, momentos de cuidado e de expressão de afeto. Por outro lado, quase todos os adolescentes descreveram a relação com a mãe como positiva. Ocorreu menção dos momentos de cuidado, monitoramento, expressão de afeto, realização de atividades conjuntas e sentimento de apoio na relação. Os aspectos negativos descritos referiram-se à ocorrência de desentendimentos por motivos relacionados a limites impostos pela mãe, opiniões divergentes, além de situações que envolviam a relação com o pai. Considerando que, em sua maioria, os adolescentes avaliaram o relacionamento com a mãe positivamente, a análise realizada apontou que os processos proximais com a mãe podem contribuir para atenuar os efeitos dos aspectos negativos da convivência na família, descritos pelos adolescentes. Os dados obtidos reforçam a importância da ampliação de estudos sobre o impacto da violência conjugal na parentalidade do ponto de vista de todos os membros da família, bem como a ampliação da rede de apoio também aos filhos que vivenciam os conflitos envolvendo as figuras parentais, auxiliando as famílias na interrupção do ciclo da violência

Sensitivity of the sorghum yield to individual changes in climate parameters: modelling based approach.

Based on sensitivity analyses the effect of changing in climate on sorghum has been investigated. This has been achieved by conducting crop modeling experiments carried out with weather observations and output of global climate models. As can be anticipated results demonstrated that the sorghum yield is more sensitive to rainfall, solar radiation and CO2 concentration. However, the increase in CO2 concentration has a positive effect on yield in years that the crop is submitted to water stress. This effect is extremely reduced under well watered conditions and therefore is subject to the climate inter-annual variability. Accumulated solar radiation along the sorghum cycle below 1900 MJ m?2 has also been shown to reduce the yield. Compared to other weather variables the sorghum yield is less sensitive to changes in relative humidity. In this sense, changes in stomatal closure and therefore photosyntesis is not highly dependent on water vapor pressure. These finds can be applied for both climate observations and global models output

Antibodies against HDL Components in Ischaemic Stroke and Coronary Artery Disease

Quantitative and qualitative defects of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are important in atherogenesis. In this study, we investigated whether antibodies against HDL components had additional value to conventional cardiovascular risk factors for the diagnosis of ischaemic stroke (IS) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Cross-sectional study was conducted on 53 patients with IS, 51 with CAD and 55 healthy controls, and in vitro studies to validate findings of the clinical study. We determined serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against HDL (aHDL), apolipoproteins (aApoA-I, aApoA-II and aApoC-I) and paraoxonase-1 (aPON1) as well as PON1 activity (PON1a), total antioxidant capacity and biomarkers of endothelial activation (serum nitric oxide metabolites, 3-nitrotyrosine, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1); in vitro assays tested the capacity of IgG aHDL purified from high titer patients to inhibit PON1a and to reverse protective effect of HDL on endothelial cells. IgG aHDL, aApoA-I and aPON1 were higher in IS and CAD than controls (p < 0.001), predicted negatively PON1a and positively VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. By adding IgG aHDL and aApoA-I to a traditional cardiovascular risk factors model for IS and by adding IgG aHDL in a similar model for CAD, we obtained better discrimination of IS and CAD from healthy controls. IgG aHDL purified from IS and CAD inhibited PON1a by 38% (p < 0.01) and abrogated the protective effect of HDL on VCAM-1 expression by 126% compared with non-specific human IgG (p < 0.001). IgG against HDL components interfere with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of HDL and may represent novel biomarkers for vascular disease that need to be investigated in prospective studies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterization of a settled dust event in an urban area affected by industrial activities

Trabalho apresentado em 7th Iberian Meeting Aerosol Science and Technology – RICTA19, 2019, Lisbon, PortugalN/

Nitrogen Used Strategies Of Nodulated Amazonian Legume: Inga Edulis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legumes is strongly diminished by mineral nitrogen. Nevertheless, recent work with some tropical legumes revealed low sensitivity to mineral nitrogen or even enhancement of nodulation by ammonium. Thus, in this study, we investigated plant growth and nodulation of Inga edulis over a period of 128 days using different sources of nitrogen, i.e. ammonium (15 mM), nitrate (15 mM) and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Plant growth was evaluated through dry mass, height, stem diameter and root/shoot ratio as well as nodulation by nodule number and dry mass. Nitrate, ureides and total amino acids were determined in roots, shoots and xylem sap. All three nitrogen sources were found to stimulate growth relative to the noninoculated N-free control, however ammonium was the most effective. Nodulation, both nodule number and mass, was strongly reduced by nitrate but not ammonium. The transport of total amino acids in the xylem sap was stimulated by ammonium without change in the composition with asparagine predominating in all treatments. Inga edulis can benefit from fertilisation with ammonium since even at high concentrations growth was improved without impairing nodulation, a condition appropriate for restoration of soil conditions.29119National Institute of Amazonian Research (MCTI-INPA)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

The Large-Scale Climate in Response to the Retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Abstract Based upon coupled climate simulations driven by present-day conditions and conditions resembling the Marine Isotope Stage 31 (this simulation is called WICE-EXP), insofar as the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) configuration is concerned, it is demonstrated that changes in the WAIS orography lead to noticeable changes in the oceanic and atmospheric circulations. Compared with the present-day climate, WICE-EXP is characterized by warmer conditions in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) by up to 5°C in the polar oceans and up to 2°C in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). These changes feed back on the atmospheric circulation weakening (strengthening) the extratropical westerlies in the SH (northern Atlantic). Calculations of the southern annular mode (SAM) show that modification of the WAIS induces warmer conditions and a northward shift of the westerly flow; in particular, there is a clear weakening of the polar jet. These changes lead to modification of the rate of deep water formation, reducing the magnitude of the North Atlantic Deep Water but enhancing the Antarctic Bottom Water. By evaluating the density flux it is found that the thermal density flux has played a main role in the modification of the meridional overturning circulation. Moreover, the climate anomalies between the WICE-EXP and the present-day simulations resemble a bipolar seesaw pattern. These results are in good agreement with paleorecontructions in the framework of the Ocean Drilling Program and Antarctic Geological Drilling (ANDRILL) project