Representation of industrial products in the early stages of design: Drawing and artistic expression in industrial design

Comunicació presentada a ICERI 2018 11th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation (Seville, Spain. 12-14 November, 2018)Hand drawing is a basic tool for industrial designers, as it allows them to represent and communicate concepts in an agile way during the initial design phase. Although we can find subjects related to drawing in the first years of all university degrees in industrial design, the way to implement the necessary activities is not always the most appropriate, and it may happen that, despite having practiced sketching, at the end of the course the students do not have the necessary skills to communicate their ideas effectively or adequately represent the reality that surrounds them. This paper proposes twelve groups of activities designed to help industrial design students acquire skills related to hand drawing. The activities were implemented during the second course of the Degree in Industrial Design and Product Development Engineering at Universitat Jaume I, improving those implemented during the last course. The paper analyzes and discusses the positive results of the innovations introduced, which improved the mean grade of the course by 4.48% with respect to the grade obtained the previous year

Effect of silver on the phase transition and wettability of titanium oxide films

The effect of silver on the phase transition and microstructure of titanium oxide films grown by pulsed cathodic arc had been investigated by XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy. Following successive thermal annealing up to 1000 °C, microstructural analysis of annealed Ag-TiO2 films reveals that the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles strongly affects the transition temperature from the initial metastable amorphous phase to anatase and stable rutile phase. An increase of silver content into TiO2 matrix inhibits the amorphous to anatase phase transition, raising its temperature boundary and, simultaneously reduces the transition temperature to promote rutile structure at lower value of 600 °C. The results are interpreted in terms of the steric effects produced by agglomeration of Ag atoms into larger clusters following annealing which hinders diffusion of Ti and O ions for anatase formation and constrains the volume available for the anatase lattice, thus disrupting its structure to form rutile phase. The effect of silver on the optical and wetting properties of TiO2 was evaluated to demonstrate its improved photocatalytic performance

The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Translation and Validation in University Students

El propósito de esta investigación ha sido traducir al español y analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg (RSES) en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios. El análisis factorial confirmatorio confirmó que el modelo que mejor se ajusta a los datos tanto en la muestra total como en las submuestras de hombres y mujeres tiene una estructura unifactorial con efectos de método en los ítems formulados en positivo. Los resultados indican correlaciones positivas y fuertes entre la autoestima y cinco dimensiones del autoconcepto. Además, la escala ha mostrado niveles satisfactorios de consistencia interna y estabilidad temporal tras un periodo de cuatro semanas. Finalmente, se han obtenido diferencias de género significativas. Estos resultados apoyan el uso de la RSES para evaluar la autoestima en el contexto educativo universitario.The aim of this study was to translate into Spanish and to validate the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), completed by 420 university students. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the model that best fit the data, both in the total sample and in the male and female subsamples, was the one-factor structure with method effects associated with positively worded items. The results indicated high, positive correlations between self-esteem and the five dimensions of selfconcept. The scale showed satisfactory levels of internal consistency and temporal stability over a four-week period. Lastly, gender differences were obtained. These findings support the use of the RSES for the assessment of self-esteem in higher education

Hawking radiation by Kerr black holes and conformal symmetry

The exponential blueshift associated with the event horizon of a black hole makes conformal symmetry play a fundamental role in accounting for its thermal properties. Using a derivation based on two-point functions, we show that the spectrum of thermal radiation of scalar particles by Kerr (and Schwarzschild) black holes can be explicitly derived on the basis of a $2$-dimensional conformal symmetry arising in the wave equation near the horizon. This result reinforces the recently conjectured relation between Kerr geometry and a $2$-dimensional conformal field theory.Comment: Version published in Phys. Rev. Let

Analytical ray transfer matrix for the crystalline lens

We present the formulation of a paraxial ray transfer or ABCD matrix for onion-type GRIN lenses. In GRIN lenses, each iso-indicial surface (IIS) can be considered a refracting optical surface. If each IIS is a shell or layer, the ABCD matrix of a GRIN lens is computed by multiplying a typically high number of translation and refraction matrices corresponding to the K layers inside the lens. Using a differential approximation for the layer thickness, this matrix product becomes a sum. The elements A, B, C, and D of the approximated GRIN ray transfer matrix can be calculated by integrating the elements of a single-layer matrix. This ABCD matrix differs from a homogeneous lens matrix in only one integration term in element C, corresponding to the GRIN contribution to the lens power. Thus the total GRIN lens power is the sum of the homogeneous lens power and the GRIN contribution, which offers a compact and simple expression for the ABDC matrix. We then apply this formulation to the crystalline lens and implement both numerical and analytical integration procedures to obtain the GRIN lens power. The analytical approximation provides an accurate solution in terms of Gaussian hypergeometric functions. Last, we compare our numerical and analytical procedures with published ABCD matrix methods in the literature, and analyze the effect of the iso-indicial surface’s conic constant (Q) and inner curvature gradient (G) on the lens power for different lens models

Detection of Musical Notes Using a Polyphonic Pitch Tracking Embedded System

Detection of polyphonic notes using embedded systems is a field that has not been explored. This article describes a polyphonic tracking embedded system that can detect on real time single and multiple musical notes, as well as their time duration. The solution was designed on an embedded system with a Cortex M-7 core as processor. This was achieved with an algorithm using fast Fourier transform iterating on two buffers in coordination with the direct memory access peripheral. The proposed embedded system was able to detect multiple musical notes on real time. Future works could use the results of this design and export them to a real music editing format.ITESO, A. C

Producción y distribución de los quesos artesanos en Andalucía occidental

En el presente trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos de un estudio sobre la producción y la distribución de quesos artesanos, realizado en 4 comarcas de Andalucía occidental: Sierra de Cádiz, Sierra de Aracena, Valle del Guadalhorce y Valle de los Pedroches. La leche de cabra es la que se transforma en mayor cantidad con casi un 80 %, seguida de la de vaca y la de oveja. Los canales de comercialización suelen ser circuitos de radio corto, distribuyendo los productos principalmente en tiendas o supermercados. Para finalizar se exponen algunas acciones de investigación, desarrollo y formación fundamentalmente dirigidas a mejorar el conocimiento de parámetros que afectan a la calidad, potenciar su singularidad (recetas tradicionales) y facilitar su comercialización a través de estudios de percepción de la calidad y hábitos de consumo

Linear elastic mechanical system interacting with coupled thermo-electro-magnetic fields

[EN] A fully-coupled thermodynamic-based transient finite element formulation is proposed in this article for electric, magnetic, thermal and mechanic fields interactions limited to the linear case. The governing equations are obtained from conservation principles for both electric and magnetic flux, momentum and energy. A full-interaction among different fields is defined through Helmholtz free-energy potential, which provides that the constitutive equations for corresponding dual variables can be derived consistently. Although the behavior of the material is linear, the coupled interactions with the other fields are not considered limited to the linear case. The implementation is carried out in a research version of the research computer code FEAP by using 8-node isoparametric 3D solid elements. A range of numerical examples are run with the proposed element, from the relatively simple cases of piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, thermoelastic to more complicated combined coupled cases such as piezo-pyro-electric, or piezo-electro-magnetic. In this paper, some of those interactions are illustrated and discussed for a simple geometry.This work was supported jointly by Hauts-de-France Region (CR Picardie) (120-2015-RDISTRUCT-000010 and RDISTRUCT-000010) and EU funding (FEDER) for Chaire-de-Mecanique (120-2015-RDISTRUCTF-000010 and RDISTRUCTI-000004). Also, by the grant Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte PRX16/00501. This support is gratefully acknowledged.Moreno-Navarro, P.; Ibrahimbegovich, A.; Pérez-Aparicio, JL. (2018). Linear elastic mechanical system interacting with coupled thermo-electro-magnetic fields. Coupled Systems Mechanics, an international journal (Online). 7(1):5-25. https://doi.org/10.12989/csm.2018.7.1.005S5257

Plasticity coupled with thermo-electric fields: Thermodynamics framework and finite element method computations

[EN] A consistent thermodynamic-based theoretical framework and three-dimensional finite element formulation is pre- sented, capable of coupling elastic, thermal and electric fields. The complete set of governing equations are obtained from conservation principles for electric charge, energy and momentum. The second principle of thermodynamics is taken into account to introduce the irreversible phenomena, such as plastic dissipation or Joule heating. The constitu- tive relations are derived consistently from the Helmholtz free-energy potential for each corresponding dual variable in terms of the defined set of state variables. We consider the case of linear isotropic hardening model for plasticity, and provide the consistent form of the tangent thermo-electro-elastoplastic modulus through dual variable computa- tions. The latter plays the crucial role in ensuring fast convergence properties of the finite element computations with the proposed coupled plasticity model. The implementation is carried out in a research version of the well-known computer code FEAP. Several numerical simulations are presented in order to illustrate the proposed model and for- mulation capabilities for providing an enhanced formulation of an important practical application in terms of Peltier cells.This work was supported jointly by Haut-de-France Region (CR Picardie) (120-2015-RDISTRUCT-000010 and RDISTRUCT-000010) and EU funding (FEDER) for Chaire-de-Mecanique-Numerique (contract Ref. 120-2015-RDISTRUCTF-000010 and RDISTRUCTI-000004). This support is gratefully acknowledged.Moreno-Navarro, P.; Ibrahimbegovic, A.; Pérez-Aparicio, JL. (2017). Plasticity coupled with thermo-electric fields: Thermodynamics framework and finite element method computations. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. 315:50-72. doi:10.1016/j.cma.2016.10.038S507231

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in Nd-Co alloy films nanostructured by di-block copolymer templates

Nd-Co amorphous magnetic films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy have been grown on nanostructured templates prepared with self-organized di-block poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) copolymer layers with a periodic structure of 60 nm spaced pores. These templates modify both the magnetic film topography and mechanical strain on a local scale. The effect of these structural changes is particularly noticeable in the low thickness range of the magnetic films where the transition from in-plane to out-of plane magnetization takes place. The Nd-Co films grown on the copolymer template present lower perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and, also, stronger stripe domain pinning effects in comparison with reference films grown on flat Si substrates