Acompanhamento do projeto de pesquisa: comparação entre vacas de leite das raças holandês, jersey e holandês x jersey (F1) sob diferentes densidades de rebanho com interesse particular em eficiência econômica e emissão entérica de metano

TCC (graduação em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, 2010O TEAGASC é a Autoridade de Desenvolvimento em Agricultura e Alimentos da Irlanda. Pode ser comparado a EMBRAPA, já que a pesquisa no setor agrícola é o carro chefe dessa instituição. A atividade de extensão também está presente, porém em menor proporção. Entre diversos centros de pesquisa espalhados pela Irlanda, pertencentes ao TEAGASC, o estágio foi realizado no Moorepark - Animal and Grassland Research Centre. O estágio foi iniciado no dia 12 de julho de 2010 e finalizado em 15 de outubro de 2010. Durante este período as atividades realizadas estavam vinculadas a um projeto de pesquisa conduzido pelo estudante de doutorado Craig Tackalberry e supervisionado pelo pesquisador Frank Buckley entre outros. Esse projeto buscou comparar, principalmente o nível de emissão de metano e a eficiência produtiva de três raças de vacas de leite. Essas raças foram separadas também em três densidades de rebanho em sistema de produção à base de pasto, similar ao sistema rotativo, bastante praticado no Brasi

Aplicabilidad de los principios de eficacia, eficiencia y economía de los recursos en el control interno en Colombia

Este ensayo está enfocado hacer un breve relato de Control Interno de sus antecedentes y las normas que la rigen en el sector público en el panorama colombiano, observando de esta forma su incidencia a través de la historia de los principios del control Interno en la eficiencia, eficacia y la economía. Posteriormente se observará su aplicabilidad en las entidades Públicas de estos tres principios, haciendo énfasis de ser una herramienta del mandatario en la administración para garantizar el logro de los objetivos, siempre en procura de garantizar el bienestar común. Igualmente se referirá a los riesgos y limitaciones inherentes que estarán presentes en el adecuado desarrollo de la administración amenazando su total confiabilidad y certidumbr

A road map to find in 3D printing a new design plasticity for construction- The state of art

Recent years are showing a rapid adoption of digital manufacturing techniques to the construction industry, with a focus on additive manufacturing. Although 3D printing for construction (3DPC) has notably advanced in recent years, publications on the subject are recent and date a growth in 2019, indicating that it is a promising technology as it enables greater efficiency with fair consumption of material, minimization of waste generation, encouraging the construction industrialization and enhancing and accelerating the construc-tive process. This new building system not only gives an optimization of the building process but provides a new approach to the building design materiality. The direct connection between design and manufacturing allows the reduction in the number of the various construction phases needed. It is opening a new and wide range of options both formal and chromatic in customization, avoiding complex formworks, reducing costs and manufacturing time. The cre-ative process has a strict and direct link with the constructive process, straightening design with its materiality. Cement-based materials lead the way, but new alternatives are being explored to further reduce its carbon footprint. In order to leverage its sustainability and enhance the system capacity, initiatives are being pursued to allow the reduction of the use of PC. Geopolimers are taking the first steps in 3DPC. Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) materials are used to substitute natural aggregates. Even soil is being explored has a structural and aesthetic material. These research trends are opening a wider range of possibil-ities for architecture and design, broadening the spectrum of color, texture, and formal variations. The concern about textures and colours is not yet evident in many the structures already printed, opening the opportunity for future research. More can be done in the mixture and formal design of this building system, discovering other raw materials in others waste. This article aims to make a critical review of technologies, materials and methodologies to sup-port the development of new sustainable materials to be used as a plastic element in the printed structure. A roadmap of 3D printing for construction is presented, and an approach on mix design, properties in the fresh and hardened state, highlighting the possibilities for ob-taining alternative materials are pointed. With this review possible directions are presented to find solutions to enhance the sustainability of this system discovering new materiality for ar-chitecture and design.(c) 2022 Higher Education Press Limited Company. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Digestibilidad aparente de proteína cruda y lípidos en la brótola, Urophycis brasiliensis (Kamp, 1858) (Pisces: Gadiformes), alimentada con reemplazos parciales de harina de soja y harina de carne

El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la digestibilidad aparente de dietas (proteína cruda y lípidos) formuladas para brótola. Se investigaron tres dietas (43% proteína cruda): una control con harina de pescado como la principal fuente protéica y otras dos con reemplazo parcial de este ingrediente por harina de soja desgrasada y harina de carne. Los peces se alimentaron diariamente hasta la saciedad y no hubo mortalidades durante los 14 días que duró el experimento. En los días 7 y 14, los peces fueron anestesiados y se extrajeron las heces por masaje abdominal. La digestibilidad de proteína cruda, al séptimo día, fue significativamente diferente al comparar el grupo control con los grupos donde se reemplazó la harina de pescado. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la digestibilidad de lípidos entre el grupo alimentado con harina de soja y el grupo alimentado con harina de carne durante todo el experimento. Los valores de digestibilidad más altos y los menores porcentajes de humedad en las heces se encontraron en el grupo control, sugiriendo una mejor digestión de esta dieta. En las dietas con reemplazos, la digestibilidad aparente se incrementó de la primera a la segunda semana. Se puede concluir que esta especie puede ser alimentada con dietas con reemplazos de hasta un 30% de harina de pescado utilizando harina de soja desgrasada o de carne; el tiempo necesario para la adaptación enzimática de los peces a esta dieta es de alrededor de dos semanas.The objective of this study was to determine apparent digestibility of crude protein and lipid in Brazilian codling. Three diets (43% crude protein) were tested: a control diet with fish meal as the main protein source, and two others with partial replacement of fish meal by defatted soybean and meat meal. Fishes were fed daily to satiation, and no mortality was observed during the 14 day-experiment. On days 7 and 14, fish were anesthetized and faeces were obtained by stripping. Apparent crude protein digestibility at day 7 was significantly different between the control group and the groups in which fish meal was replaced. Lipid digestibility showed significant differences between soybean group and meat meal group throughout the trial. The highest digestibility values and the lowest moisture percentages in faeces were found in the control group, suggesting an improved digestion of this diet. Apparent digestibility increased from first to second week in diets with replacements. Brazilian codling can be reared on diets in which up to 30% replacement of the fish meal protein can be replaced by defatted soybean or meat meal. Fish need about two weeks for enzymatic adaptation to these diets.Fil: Bolasina, Sergio Nestor. Kyoto University; JapónFil: Fenucci, Jorge Lino. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentin

Malla vial en Bogotá: Política pública o ciclo de administración 1998-2015

40 páginas.Este artículo presenta un panorama de la política pública de la malla vial de Bogotá, de 1998 a 2015. Constituye un ejercicio de análisis para determinar la influencia de los cambios de administración durante este periodo, en la ejecución de las políticas públicas en la capital colombiana. Esta etapa se caracterizó por suceder un periodo de transición democrática en la elección de alcaldes en Colombia. Respecto a la política pública en materia de malla vial en el Distrito Capital, ha sido un aspecto primordial en la agenda del gobierno nacional y local, desarrollada en el marco del Plan de Desarrollo Distrital, herramienta fundamental de planeación y ejecución de los recursos públicos en el territorio, y principal insumo de análisis en este artículo a fin de identificar en las diferentes administraciones distritales el enfoque dado a la política pública en materia de malla vial arterial, así como las proyecciones y, finalmente, evaluar el nivel de ejecución a través del respectivo informe de gestión, una vez culminado el mandato.This article reviews the public policy of the road mesh in the city of Bogotá, in the period 1998-2015, constituting an analysis exercise to determine the influence of the changes of administration that it has had in the interval of time investigated, In the execution of public policies in the Colombian capital. This period of time was particularly characterized by a period of democratic transition in the election of mayors in Colombia, since before Legislative Act 01 of 1986, this position was designated by the Governor of the Department, who in turn was chosen by the President of the Republic, for a period of two years. With the entry into force of the Constitution of 1991, the term of the mayors was extended to three years, then changed to four years, in accordance with Legislative Act 02 of 2002, these political changes reflect the way in which has been administered and developed local entities, linked to lack of coordination, where the governor on duty came with a new team to lead the different departments and administrative departments, slowing down programs raised in previous administrations, and generating absence Of continuity of public policies. Regarding the public policy in the area of road mesh in the Capital District, this has been a key aspect in the national and local government's agenda, developed within the framework of the District Development Plan, a fundamental tool for the planning and execution of public resources In the territory, and main input of analysis in this article, in order to identify in the different district administrations the approach given to the public policy in the matter of arterial road mesh, as well as the projections and finally to evaluate the level of execution through the Management report after the end of the mandateMagíster en Gobierno y Políticas PúblicasMaestrí

Influence of Supplementary Cementitious Materials on Fresh Properties of 3D Printable Materials

The development of printers and materials for 3D Printing Construction during the last two decades has allowed the construction of increasingly complex projects. Some of them have broken construction speed records due to the simplification of the construction process, particularly in non-standard geometries. However, for performance and security reasons the materials used had considerable amounts of Portland cement (PC), a constituent that increases the cost and environmental impact of 3D Printable Materials (3DPM). Supplementary Cement Materials (SCM), such as fly ash, silica fume and metakaolin, have been considered a good solution to partially replace PC. This work aims to study the inclusion of limestone filler, fly ash and metakaolin as SCM in 3DPM. Firstly, a brief literature review was made to understand how these SCM can improve the materials' 3DP capacity, and which methods are used to evaluate them. Based on the literature review, a laboratory methodology is proposed to assess 3DP properties, where tests such as slump and flow table are suggested. The influence of each SCM is evaluated by performing all tests on mortars with different dosages of each SCM. Finally, a mechanical extruder is used to extrude the developed mortars, which allowed us to compare the results of slump and flow table tests with the quality of extruded samples. (c) 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

A MODEL FOR PRODUCT-INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGY FOR HIGHLY COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF Ti- 6Al-4V ALLOY TREATED WITH PULSED LASER Nd:YAG IN AEROSPACE INDUSTRY

This article aims to contribute to a new planning policy in the innovative products development. To do so, it presents a new modeling proposal to integrate technological innovation and new product development (NPD) in Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Treated With Pulsed Laser Nd:YAG for turbines for Aerospace Industry, carried out according to the following stages: Phase 1: Modeling of the information needs; Phase 2: Determining of technology integration dimensions to the product; Phase 3: Evaluation of performance of technology integration dimensions to the product. To demonstrate the feasibility and plausibility of the modeling, a case study was conducted in a high tech company in Brazil (hypothetical application). The investigation was helped by the intervention of specialists with technical and scientific knowledge about the research object. To reduce subjectivity in the results, the following methods were used: Law of Categorical Judgment - psychometric scaling of Thurstone (1927), Multivariate Analysis statistical methods and method Compromise Programming, Electre III and Promethee II - multi-criteria analysis; and Neurofuzzy Technology. It is hoped that this study will stimulate a broad debate on the issue and it is acknowledged that more studies are needed to build more robust results in the near future. The results were satisfactory, validating the present proposa

A relação Universidade-Indústria: um caso de transferência da tecnologia em engenharia mecânica e Gestão Industrial

A inovação nas pequenas e médias empresas industriais do ramo da Engenharia Mecânica émuitas vezes inexistente ou incipiente, podendo ser facilmente incrementada através de umestreito relacionamento e cooperação com as Universidades e/ou os seus Institutos deInterface. Neste contexto, a Universidade do Porto, através do Departamento de EngenhariaMecânica e Gestão Industrial da Faculdade de Engenharia, fundou em 1986 o INEGI -Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica e Gestão Industrial, com a missão de reforçar a cooperaçãoentre esta Universidade e o meio empresarial. O INEGI participa activamente, há 21 anos, nodesenvolvimento da indústria nacional contribuindo com conhecimento e competênciasdistintas na área da Engenharia Mecânica e Gestão Industrial, assumindo a missão de:Contribuir para o aumento da competitividade da indústria nacional através da investigação edesenvolvimento, demonstração, transferência de tecnologia e formação nas áreas deconcepção e projecto, materiais, produção, energia, manutenção, gestão industrial eambiente. Desde a sua criação, o INEGI tem tido um crescimento sustentado, tendodesenvolvido mais de 1300 projectos para organizações públicas e privadas, estando nestemomento numa fase de internacionalização, através do estabelecimento de protocolos eprojectos conjuntos com instituições internacionais.Esta comunicação pretende demonstrar as vantagens que as empresas podem obter, através deuma ligação ás Universidades e Institutos de Interface, no desenvolvimento de materiais,produtos e processos tecnológicos, permitindo assim aumentar a sua competitividade. Asáreas de intervenção dos projectos inovadores aqui focados abrangem uma grande variedadede temas multidisciplinares, desde as energias renováveis, desenvolvimento de processostecnológicos e sistemas mecânicos, materiais compósitos, prototipagem rápida e tecnologiasavançadas de produção e gestão industrial

Catches in ghost-fishing octopus and fish traps in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean (Algarve, Portugal)

Ghost fishing is the term used to describe the continued capture of fish and other living organisms after a fisherman has lost all control over the gear. Traps may be lost for a variety of reasons including theft, vandalism, abandonment, interactions with other gear, fouling on the bottom (i.e., traps and ropes are caught on rocky substrate), bad weather, and human error (Laist, 1995). Annual trap loss can be as high as 20% to 50% of fished traps in some fisheries (Al-Masroori et al., 2004). Because lost traps can continue to fish for long periods, albeit with decreasing efficiency over time (e.g., Smolowitz, 1978; Breen, 1987, 1990; Guillory, 1993), ghost fishing is a concern in fisheries worldwide