La presencia de las revistas científicas de Ciencias Sociales en los social media: de la Web 1.0 a la 2.0.

This article originated during the participation in the organizing committee of the First Latin American Meeting of Editors of Scientific Journals of Social Sciences. Thanks to the invitation to participate in the organization we could get to know the portals of digital magazines Social Sciences, including IN-RECS, which finally concluded in this study. We consider fundamentally the link between social networks, scientific publications and Web 2.0. as scientific journals primarily exist to serve the research community to enhance the social and economic impact of research results and to contribute to the growth of knowledge and the emergence of scientific networks. Considering the results we have found that even today Social Science journals do not take advantage of these tools that the web provides. They require greater integration on the Internet in order to reach all social and academic areas. Moreover, we found it very interesting to see that the magazines that have Twitter and Facebook are mostly source journals.Este artículo se ha llevado a cabo a partir de la participación en el comité organizador del I Encuentro Iberoamericano de Editores de Revistas Científicas de Ciencias Sociales. Gracias a esta invitación, conocimos profundamente los portales digitales de las revistas de Ciencias Sociales, incluidas en IN-RECS, con las que se decidió realizar este estudio. Consideramos fundamental la vinculación entre las redes sociales, la Web 2.0 y la difusión mediante medios de comunicación de las publicaciones científicas ya que las revistas científicas están al servicio de la sociedad del conocimiento, fomentando la repercusión económico-social de resultados investigadores y contribuyendo al crecimiento del saber y al surgimiento de redes científicas. Por ello este estudio descriptivo de las revistas busca la creación y el análisis de una base de datos de editores de revistas científicas de Ciencias Sociales con el que revelar la información a cerca de la incursión de las herramientas de comunicación online en éstas. Tras los resultados obtenidos hemos constatado que aún hoy las revistas científicas de Ciencias Sociales no aprovechan estas herramientas que les brinda la web, necesitando una mayor integración en Internet que les procure la capacidad de penetración que les permita llegar a un mayor número de ámbitos académicos y sociales

Role of long non-coding RNAs in adipose tissue metabolism and associated pathologies

The incidence of obesity and its related disorders has increased dramatically in recent years and has become a pandemic. Adipose tissue is a crucial regulator of these diseases due to its endocrine capacity. Thus, understanding adipose tissue metabolism is essential to finding new effective therapeutic approaches. The 'omic' revolution has identified new concepts about the complexity of the signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of adipose tissue-associated disorders. Specifically, advances in transcriptomics have allowed its application in clinical practice and primary or secondary prevention. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of adipose tissue since they can modulate gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. They interact with DNA, RNA, protein complexes, other non-coding RNAs, and microRNAs to regulate a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Here, we review the emerging field of lncRNAs, including how they regulate adipose tissue biology, and discuss circulating lncRNAs, which may represent a turning point in the diagnosis and treatment of adipose tissue-associated disorders. We also highlight potential biomarkers of obesity and diabetes that could be considered as therapeutic targets. Keywords: Adipose tissue; Biomarkers; Diabetes; Obesity; Therapeutics; lncRNA

Development of in vitro and in vivo tools to evaluate the antiangiogenic potential of melatonin to neutralize the angiogenic effects of VEGF and breast cancer cells: CAM assay and 3D endothelial cell spheroids

Melatonin is a molecule with different antitumor actions in breast cancer and has been described as an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Despite the recognition of the key role exerted by VEGF in tumor angiogenesis, limitations arise when developing models to test new antiangiogenic molecules. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop rapid, economic, high capacity and easy handling angiogenesis assays to test the antiangiogenic effects of melatonin and demonstrate its most effective dose to neutralize and interfere with the angiogenic sprouting effect induced by VEGF and MCF-7. To perform this, 3D endothelial cell (HUVEC) spheroids and a chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay were used. The results showed that VEGF and MCF-7 were able to stimulate the sprouting of the new vessels in 3D endothelial spheroids and the CAM assay, and that melatonin had an inhibitory effect on angiogenesis. Specifically, as the 1 mM pharmacological dose was the only effective dose able to inhibit the formation of ramifications around the alginate in the CAM assay model, this inhibition was shown to occur in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, these techniques represent novel tools for the development of antiangiogenic molecules such as melatonin, with possible implications for the therapy of breast cancer.Funding: This work was funded in part by PE-0106–2019 from the Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía, C19047–2018 from Fundación Unicaja and UMA18-FEDERJA-042 from UMA-FEDER & ALIANZA MIXTA ANDALUCÍA-ROCHE. Alicia González González is a recipient of a postdoctoral grant Margarita Salas (RMS-08) from European Union-NextGenerationEU, Spanish Ministry of Universities and Recovery Transformation and Resilience Plan, through a call from University of Cantabria. Aurora Laborda Illanes is a recipient of a predoctoral grant, PFIS-ISCIII (FI19–00112), co-funded by the Fondo Social Europeo (FSE). Lidia Sanchez Alcoholado is a recipient of a postdoctoral grant (RH-0026–2021) from the Consejería de Salud y Familia (co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Andalucía 2014–2020, Andalucía, Spain). Daniel Castellano Castillo is a recipient of a postdoctoral grant Sara Borrell (CD21/00164) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III

A nonsynonymous FCER1B SNP is associated with risk of developing allergic rhinitis and with IgE levels

Allergic rhinitis is associated with elevated serum IgE levels. IgE response is mediated by the highaffinity IgE receptor (FcεRI), which is polymorphic. Studies analyzing the association between allergic rhinitis and FcεRI variants have been conducted with controversial results. The objective of this study is to analyze, in 1,041 individuals, the putative clinical association of allergic rhinitis with common polymorphisms in FcεRI subunits genes. These SNPs included FECR1A rs2494262, rs2427837 and rs2251746; FECR1B rs1441586, rs569108 and rs512555; FCER1G rs11587213, rs2070901 and rs11421. Statistically significant differences were observed for the FCER1B rs569108 and rs512555 polymorphisms frequencies when comparing patients with allergic rhinitis without asthma and controls. The OR (95% CI) value for the 237Gly allele (rs569108) is equal to 0.26 (0.08–0.86, P = 0.017) and for the G allele (rs512555) it is equal to 0.27 (0.08–0.88, P = 0.020). These two SNPs are linked (D’ = 1.0, LOD = 56.05). Also observed was a statistically significant trend towards lower IgE values among allergic rhinitis patients with variant alleles for both SNPs. In conclusion, in patients with allergic rhinitis without asthma, the FCER1B rs569108 and rs512555 polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of developing allergic rhinitis and with lower IgE levels.Trabajo financiado por: Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria. Becas PI12/00241, PI12/00324 y RETICS RD12/0013/0002 Junta de Extremadura y Fondos FEDER. Ayuda GR15026peerReviewe

Immediate improvement of left ventricular mechanics following transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Background: Left ventricular (LV) mechanics are impaired in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a widespread technique for patients with severe AS considered inoperable or high risk for traditional open-surgery. This procedure could have a positive impact in LV mechanics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of TAVR on LV function recovery, as assessed by myocardial deformation parameters. Methods: One-hundred twelve consecutive patients (81.4 ± 6.4 years, 50% female) from 10 centres in Europe with severe AS who successfully underwent TAVR with either a self-expanding CoreValve (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) or a mechanically expanded Lotus valve (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA) were enrolled in a prospective multi-center study. A complete echocardiographic examination was performed at baseline and immediately before discharge, including the assessment of LV strain using standard two-dimensional images. Results: Echocardiographic examination with global longitudinal strain (GLS) quantification could be obtained in 92 patients, because of echocardiographic and logistic reasons. Between examinations, a modest statistically significant improvement in GLS could be seen (GLS% –15.00 ± 4.80 at baseline;–16.15 ± 4.97 at discharge, p = 0.028). In a stratified analysis, only women showed a significant improvement in GLS and a trend towards greater improvement in GLS according to severity of systolic dysfunction as measured by LV ejection fraction could be noted. Conclusions: Immediate improvement in GLS was appreciated after TAVR procedure. Whether this finding continues to be noted in a more prolonged follow-up and its clinical implications need to be assessed in further studies

Esophageal Granular Cell Tumor and Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Two Interesting Entities Identified in the Same Patient

We illustrate the case of a 41-year-old male with allergic manifestations since childhood. He sought medical attention for intermittent, progressive dysphagia from which he had been suffering for a number of years, having felt the sensation of a retrosternal lump and a self-limited obstruction to the passage of food. Endoscopy detected a submucosal tumor in the upper third of the esophagus, which was typified, via biopsy, as a granular cell tumor with benign characteristics and probably responsible for the symptoms. Two years later, the patient sought medical attention once again as these symptoms had not abated, hence digestive endoscopy was repeated. This revealed stenosis of the junction between the middle and lower thirds of the organ which had not been detected previously but was passable under gentle pressure. Eosinophilic esophagitis was detected after biopsies were taken. Esophageal manometry identified a motor disorder affecting the esophageal body. Following three months of treatment using fluticasone propionate applied topically, the symptoms went into remission, esophageal stenosis disappeared and the esophageal biopsies returned to normal. This is the first documented case of the link between granular cell tumors and Eosinophilic esophagitis, two different disorders which could cause dysphagia in young patients

Fatty acids homeostasis during fasting predicts protection from chemotherapy toxicity.

Fasting exerts beneficial effects in mice and humans, including protection from chemotherapy toxicity. To explore the involved mechanisms, we collect blood from humans and mice before and after 36 or 24 hours of fasting, respectively, and measure lipid composition of erythrocyte membranes, circulating micro RNAs (miRNAs), and RNA expression at peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Fasting coordinately affects the proportion of polyunsaturated versus saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids at the erythrocyte membrane; and reduces the expression of insulin signaling-related genes in PBMCs. When fasted for 24 hours before and 24 hours after administration of oxaliplatin or doxorubicin, mice show a strong protection from toxicity in several tissues. Erythrocyte membrane lipids and PBMC gene expression define two separate groups of individuals that accurately predict a differential protection from chemotherapy toxicity, with important clinical implications. Our results reveal a mechanism of fasting associated with lipid homeostasis, and provide biomarkers of fasting to predict fasting-mediated protection from chemotherapy toxicity.General: We thank Prof. Jose Maria. Ordovas for his kind suggestions; nutritionists Helena Marcos-Pasero, Elena Aguilar-Aguilar and Isabel Espinosa-Salinas for their help with volunteers management; Rosa Serrano for her help with animal experiments; Susana Molina for her advice with PBMC isolation; Luisa Mariscal, Domingo Fernandez, Lola Martinez, Diego Megias, Patricia Gonzalez, Fernando Pelaez, Anabel Sanz, Carolina Pola, Celia de la Calle, Ana Ortega, Ana Sagrera, Jose Miguel Frade, Elena Lopez-Guadamillas, Maribel Munoz, Susana Llanos, Andres Fernandez, Aranzazu Sierra, Andres Lopez, Noemi Haro and Ildefonso Rodriguez for their excellent technical and scientific support. Work at the laboratory of P.J.F.M. is funded by the Ramon Areces Foundation, (CIVP18A3891), Asociacion Espanola contra el Cancer-AECC (SIRTBIO-LABAE18008FERN), a Ramon y Cajal Award from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICINN) (RYC-2017-22335), RETOS projects Program of MICINN (SAF2017-85766-R) and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-MCTES, SFRH/BD/124022/2016). Work at the laboratory of ARM was funded by the MICINN (PID2019-110183RB-C21), Regional Government of Community of Madrid (P2018/BAA-4343-ALIBIRD2020-CM) and the Ramon Areces Foundation. Work at the laboratory of A.D.R. Funded by the Comunidad de Madrid-Talento Grant 2018-T1/BMD-11966 and the MICINN PID-2019-106893RA-100. Work at the laboratory of L.D. is funded by projects from the Health Research Fund (ISCIII FIS PI14/01374 and FISPI17/00508) and from a Manuel de Oya research fellowship from the Beer and Health Foundation. Work at the laboratory of A.E. is funded by a Ramon y Cajal Award from MICINN (RYC-2013-13546) and RETOS projects Program of the MICINN, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (SAF2015-67538-R). Work in the laboratory of M.S. was funded by the IRB and by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (SAF2013-48256-R), the European Research Council (ERC-2014-AdG/669622), and the "laCaixa" Foundation.S

Symmetric dithiodigalactoside: strategic combination of binding studies and detection of selectivity between a plant toxin and human lectins

Thioglycosides offer the advantage over O-glycosides to be resistant to hydrolysis. Based on initial evidence of this recognition ability for glycosyldisulfides by screening dynamic combinatorial libraries, we have now systematically studied dithiodigalactoside on a plant toxin (Viscum album agglutinin) and five human lectins (adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins with medical relevance e.g. in tumor progression and spread). Inhibition assays with surface-presented neoglycoprotein and in solution monitored by saturation transfer difference NMR spectroscopy, flanked by epitope mapping, as well as isothermal titration calorimetry revealed binding properties to VAA (Ka: 1560 ± 20 M-1). They were reflected by the structural model and the affinity on the level of toxin-exposed cells. In comparison, galectins were considerably less reactive, with intrafamily grading down to very minor reactivity for tandem-repeat-type galectins, as quantitated by radioassays for both domains of galectin-4. Model building indicated contact formation to be restricted to only one galactose moiety, in contrast to thiodigalactoside. The tested lycosyldisulfide exhibits selectivity between the plant toxin and the tested human lectins, and also between these proteins. Therefore, glycosyldisulfides have potential as chemical platform for inhibitor design

Condiciones laborales, empleabilidad sostenible y determinantes sociales de la salud. Análisis de la incidencia del estilo de vida y dos programas de actividad física y salud en el trabajo sobre la productividad y el bienestar de trabajadores en puestos de trabajo físicamente inactivos

156 p.El presente informe de investigación muestra los resultados más relevantes obtenidos tras la realización del programa de investigación llevado a cabo en el marco del proyecto titulado ?Organización e influencia de un programa de ejercicio físico supervisado sobre la salud y la productividad de profesionales sedentarios de los centros de trabajo españoles? (Ref.: DEP2016-77790-R) financiado por el Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad dentro del Programa Estatal de I+D+i Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad (2013-2016). La mayor parte de los miembros del equipo de investigación que ha participado en este proyecto ha orientado su línea de investigación hacia la investigación social y organizativa en la actividad física y el deporte, especialmente en los colectivos más discriminados para dicha práctica. Durante los últimos años, la colaboración interuniversitaria en materia de investigación ha posibilitado alcanzar de los logros más importantes del grupo. En primer lugar, en el marco de la línea de investigación en Gerontología de la Actividad Física y del Deporte iniciada en 2002, primero desde el Departamento de Educación y posteriormente desde los Departamentos de psicopedagogía y educación física y desde el actual departamento de ciencias biomédicas de la Universidad de Alcalá, en colaboración estrecha con la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, se diseñó y validó la primera escala motivacional específica de actividad física y personas mayores. Pues bien, dentro de esta etapa, en 2005, con la creación del Grupo de Investigación Psicosocial y Técnicas Aplicadas en el Deporte (hoy, grupo de Investigación Psicosocial en el Deporte) de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y la estrecha colaboración investigadora que se ha mantenido con el Grupo de Investigación en Gestión y Entrenamiento Deportivo de la Universidad de Alcalá, hemos podido avanzar y alcanzar en equipo diversos logros científicos a través de numerosas publicaciones científicas indexadas. Fruto de esta colaboración, otro de los logros alcanzados se materializó en el establecimiento de una significativa relación entre la práctica de actividad física de las personas mayores y la recomendación médica de ejercicio físico, el apoyo social, el estatus socioeconómico y otras variables analizadas. Asimismo, y de manera reciente, se identificaron las principales barreras y motivaciones de actividad física de las personas adultas y mayores. Los intereses y objetivos científico-técnicos desde el medio plazo de nuestra línea de investigación en conjunto reside en el estudio de las demandas y barreras a la actividad física en los grupos sociales con mayor desigualdad en el acceso a la salud y los determinantes de la salud (individuales y sociales) proporcionados por la actividad física. Para dar continuidad a esta línea de investigación, el Grupo de Investigación Psicosocial en el Deporte de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, dentro de la línea de investigación en ?Organización de la actividad física y del deporte?, inició su investigación sobre el objeto de estudio en organización de programas de ejercicio físico en las empresas con la intención de acumular evidencia empírica a este campo de conocimiento. El proyecto que engloba esta línea de investigación, titularizado por la Universidad de Alcalá, supone dar continuidad al trabajo que se inició entonces, y del que forman parte hoy investigadores e investigadoras de tres universidades y dos grupos de investigación distintos en la identificación de los mencionados grupos sociales para establecer sus demandas, barreras y hábitos, y justificar así la posterior aplicación en políticas, acciones, programas y procesos que reduzcan específicamente la desigualdad en el acceso a la práctica de actividad física y sus beneficios individuales y sociales que le son propios (primero fueron las personas mayores, luego las mujeres adultas y, ahora, a través del proyecto que presentamos, las personas que trabajan en las empresas).Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitivida