Motivation as a predictor of dental students’ affective and behavioral outcomes: Does the quality of motivation matter?

Since the motivation to study and engage in academic activities plays a key role in students’ learning experience and well-being, gaining a better understanding of dental students’ motivations can help educators implement interventions to support students’ optimal motivations. The aim of this study, grounded in self-determination theory, was to determine the predictive role of different types of motivation (autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amotivation) in the affective and behavioral outcomes of dental students. Amotivation is the absence of drive to pursue an activity due to a failure to establish relationships between activity and behavior; controlled motivation involves behaving under external pressure or demands; and autonomous motivation is an internalized behavior with a full sense of volition, interest, choice, and self-determination. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 2016, in which 924 students (90.2% response rate) from years one to six agreed to participate, granting permission to access their current GPAs and completing four self-reported questionnaires on academic motivation, study strategies, vitality, and self-esteem. The results showed that self-determined motivation (i.e., autonomous over controlled motivation) was positively associated with vitality, self-esteem, and deep study strategies and negatively associated with surface study strategies. The contrary results were found for amotivation. In the motivational model, deep study strategies showed a positive association with students’ academic performance. Contrary results were found for surface study strategies. This study extends understanding of the differentiation of motivation based on its quality types and suggests that being motivated does not necessarily lead to positive educational outcomes. Autonomous motivation, in contrast to controlled motivation and amotivation, should be supported to benefit students with regard to their approaches to learning and well-being since it can promote students’ vitality, self-esteem, deep over surface study strategies, and enhanced academic performance

Theoretical analysis of the transmission phase shift of a quantum dot in the presence of Kondo correlations

We study the effects of Kondo correlations on the transmission phase shift of a quantum dot coupled to two leads in comparison with the experimental determinations made by Aharonov-Bohm (AB) quantum interferometry. We propose here a theoretical interpretation of these results based on scattering theory combined with Bethe ansatz calculations. We show that there is a factor of 2 difference between the phase of the S-matrix responsible for the shift in the AB oscillations, and the one controlling the conductance. Quantitative agreement is obtained with experimental results for two different values of the coupling to the leads.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter

The beta function of the multichannel Kondo model

The beta function of the multichannel Kondo model is calculated exactly in the limit of large spin N and channel number M=gamma*N, with constant gamma. There are no corrections in any finite order of 1/N. One zero is found at a finite coupling strength, showing directly the Non--Fermi liquid behavior of the model. This renormalization group flow allows to introduce a variational principle for the entropy, to obtain the low temperature thermodynamics. Such in particular the low temperature thermodynamics of the non--crossing approximation to the Kondo model becomes accessible.Comment: 4 page

Una Nueva Política De Recursos Humanos En I+D: El Programa Ramón y Cajal

Publicado en: Economía Industrial, 343 (1): 149-160, 2000Peer reviewe

Una Nueva Política De Recursos Humanos En I+D: El Programa Ramón y Cajal

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Use of q-values to Improve a Genetic Algorithm to Identify Robust Gene Signatures

Several approaches have been proposed for the analysis of DNA microarray datasets, focusing on the performance and robustness of the final feature subsets. The novelty of this paper arises in the use of q-values to pre-filter the features of a DNA microarray dataset identifying the most significant ones and including this information into a genetic algorithm for further feature selection. This method is applied to a lung cancer microarray dataset resulting in similar performance rates and greater robustness in terms of selected features (on average a 36.21% of robustness improvement) when compared to results of the standard algorithm

Arquitectura expuesta. Tránsitos artísticos de la representación fotográfica de la arquitectura

If we can state that certain architectural production currently finds its origin and explicit accommodation in the field of the exhibition, it is even more logical -considering the unavoidable visual culture- to assert that the images of architecture prevail autonomously over the architecture they represent, becoming independent of the strictly disciplinary and exhibited illuminated in the aura of the artistic on the walls of a museum. To explore this argument in line with the subject from the current Ra’s issue, we will review eight exhibitions, and their corresponding catalogues, held in different museums and art galleries from 1982 to 2018, and focused on exploring architectural photographic representation and its translations to and from artistic practices. We aim not just to make an exhaustive review of this reality, but to extract from its analysis a contemporary critical reading of its potentialities and interpretations.Si es un hecho que determinada producción arquitectónica encuentra hoy en día su origen y acomodo explícito en el ámbito de lo expositivo, más lógica tiene aún –en atención a la insoslayable cultura visual– confirmar que las imágenes de la arquitectura prevalezcan autónomamente frente a esa arquitectura que representan, se independicen de lo estrictamente disciplinar y se expongan empapadas en el aura de lo artístico en las paredes de un museo. Para explorar este argumento al hilo del tema del presente número de Ra, nos apoyamos en ocho exposiciones, y sus respectivos catálogos, celebradas en diferentes museos y galerías de arte entre 1982 y 2018, centradas en explorar la representación fotográfica de la arquitectura y sus traslaciones hacia y desde las prácticas artísticas. Se persigue no tanto hacer una reseña exhaustiva de esta realidad, sino extraer a partir de su constatación una contemporánea lectura crítica de sus potencialidades e interpretaciones

Assessing the Influence of Salmon Farming through Total Lipids, Fatty Acids, and Trace Elements in the Liver and Muscle of Wild Saithe Pollachius virens

Saithe Pollachius virens are attracted to uneaten salmon feed underneath cages at open-cage salmon farms in Norway. The aggregated Saithe have modified their feeding habits as they have switched from wild prey to uneaten food pellets, which could lead to physiological and biochemical changes in the Saithe. Variations in profiles of total lipids, fatty acids, and trace elements in Saithe liver and muscle were measured to evaluate the influence of fish feed from salmon farms on wild Saithe populations. Farm-aggregated Saithe had higher fat content in liver tissues than did individuals captured more than 25 km away from farms, but no clear differences were found in muscle tissues. High proportions of fatty acids of terrestrial origin, such as oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids, in liver and muscle tissues of farm-aggregated Saithe reflected the presence of wild Saithe at farms. Accordingly, low proportions of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids in Saithe tissues mirrored the feeding activity at farms. Variations in specific trace element signatures among fish groups also revealed the farming influence on wild Saithe. High levels of Fe, As, Se, Zn, and B in liver, but also As, B, Li, Hg, and Sr in muscle of Saithe captured away from farms indicated the absence of feeding at farms.This study was part of the project “Evaluation of actions to promote sustainable coexistence between salmon culture and coastal fisheries – ProCoEx” funded by The Norwegian Seafood Research Fund (FHF). The study was also supported by the Norwegian Research Council through the EcoCoast project