Minicurso de cosmologia na formação de professores; dificuldades na ampliação de propostas para o ensino médio

No presente trabalho, apresentaremos um processo de pesquisa-ação a partir de métodos de pesquisa qualitativa realizada durante e após a aplicação de um minicurso de Cosmologia, tendo como público alvo, alunos na fase final da graduação de licenciatura em Física. Buscamos analisar a viabilidade de uma inserção concreta do tema Cosmologia no Ensino básico a partir de um enfoque histórico-filosófico que visa cobrir o assunto sem se utilizar de rigores matemáticas avançados. A proposta é de que o curso possa ser aplicado por professores no Ensino Médio. Investigamos assim, os fatores que se apresentam como possíveis impedimentos para uma concretização de propostas semelhantes, e se estes fatores apresentam alguma relação com a fase de formação do professor

Brazilian monitoring programs for pesticide residues in food – Results from 2001 to 2010

AbstractA total of 13,556 samples of 22 fruit and vegetable crops, rice, and beans were analyzed within two Brazilian pesticide residue monitoring programs between 2001 and 2010. Pesticide residues were found in 48.3% of the samples, and 13.2% presented some irregularity, mostly non-authorized active ingredient use. Less than 3% of the samples had residue levels above the MRL. Apple, papaya, sweet pepper and strawberry were the crops with the higher percentages of positive samples (about 80%). Dithiocarbamates and organophosphorus compounds were found in 41.6% and 30.8% of the samples, respectively. Carbendazim and chlorpyrifos were the pesticides most found (26.7 and 16.1% of positive samples, respectively). Almost half of the samples analyzed had multiple residues (up to 10 residues), with multiple residues most common in samples of apple, sweet pepper and tomato. About 8% of positive samples contained up to four residues of the same chemical class, mainly organophosphorus compounds (18.6%, mostly in apple) and triazoles (16.1%, mostly in papaya and grape). In general, the scenario of pesticide residues in foods investigated within the Brazilian governmental monitoring programs in the last decade is similar to what has been found in other countries. However, the use of non-authorized active ingredients is a common practice among the farmers in the country, a problem that the government authorities have been trying to solve. A preliminary cumulative acute exposure assessment for organophosphates and carbamates in apple has shown that the intake by individuals ≥10 years old accounts for 100% of the acephate ARfD, indicating a need to further investigate the exposure through the consumptions of other crops and group of pesticides, mainly for children

Relatório de estágio para obtenção do grau de mestre em educação pré-escolar e ensino do 1º ciclo do ensino básico

O presente Relatório de Estágio contém o relato e a reflexão sobre toda a prática pedagógica, envolvendo uma problemática: o desenvolvimento da capacidade comunicativa num grupo em fase de adaptação. A intervenção foi realizada na valência de Educação Pré-Escolar e com um grupo de dezassete crianças, com idades compreendidas entre os três e quatro anos. Na base da prática pedagógica estiveram alguns fundamentos pedagógicos como a aprendizagem pela ação, onde as crianças ocuparam o centro na construção da sua própria aprendizagem. A aplicação destes fundamentos ocorreu segundo a metodologia de investigação-ação e com o recurso a algumas técnicas e instrumentos de recolha de dados previamente selecionados, como a observação participante, as entrevistas em profundidade, a análise documental e a análise de conteúdo. De acordo com a investigação realizada, concluiu-se que as estratégias adotadas na resolução da problemática obtiveram resultados positivos no grupo em que foram aplicadas. Já no âmbito mais reflexivo, a prática pedagógica e as experiências vividas ao longo da mesma foram importantes para o progresso profissional enquanto educadora de infância.The current Internship Report contains the account and the reflexion about the whole pedagogic practice involving this problem: the development of the communicative skill in a group in a stage of adjustment. The intervention was performed in the Pre-School Educational valence, with a group of seventeen children, aged between three and four. On the basis of the pedagogic practice there were some pedagogic principles, such as the action learning, where children occupied the centre in the construction of their own learning. The enforcement of these principles took place according to the investigation-action methodology and the recourse to some techniques and instruments of collecting previously selected data, namely the participant observation, in-depth interview, document analysis and content analysis. According to the accomplished investigation, one concludes that the adopted strategies in the resolution of the problem were successful in the group whom they were applied to. In a more reflective extent, the pedagogic practice and the experiences lived along it were important for the professional development as a kindergarten teacher

Doenças parasitárias do cão transmitidas por insectos culicídeos e psicodídeos no Funchal e em Barcelona

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaAs doenças mais importantes, transmitidas por insectos culicídeos e psicodídeos, que afectam a espécie canina, são a dirofilariose e leishmaniose. A dirofilariose é uma doença crónica causada pelo nemátode da espécie Dirofilaria immitis, que existe predominantemente em zonas de climas tropicais e subtropicais. Os insectos do género Culex, Anopheles e Aedes, são responsáveis pela transmissão da forma infectante L3. A leishmaniose é uma doença zoonótica, causada pelo protozoário da espécie Leishmania infantum, que existe predominantemente na Bacia do Mediterrâneo. Em Portugal e Espanha, os vectores responsáveis pela transmissão das formas infectantes, os promastigotas metacíclicas, ao hospedeiro canídeo, são as espécies Phebotomus perniciosus e o P. ariasi. No presente trabalho, foram realizados dois estudos retrospectivos, um sobre a dirofilariose na Ilha da Madeira e que englobou 29 cães e outro sobre leishmaniose em Barcelona, que incluiu 20 animais. Relativamente ao estudo da dirofilariose, verificou-se que a maioria dos animais eram assintomáticos. O diagnóstico etiológico foi realizado com base no exame físico, pela detecção de microfilárias e filárias adultas, através da técnica de Knott modificada e de ELISA. A terapêutica etiológica englobou uma terapêutica adulticida com melarsomina, seguida de uma terapêutica microfilaricida com lactonas macrocíclicas. No estudo retrospectivo da leishmaniose, observou-se animais com sinais clínicos muito variáveis, no entanto, a maioria dos cães apresentam letargia, linfadenomegália, lesões dermatológicas. As alterações laboratoriais mais observadas foram uma anemia não regenerativa e uma hiperproteinémia com hiperglobulinémia e hipoalbuminémia. O diagnóstico etiológico foi realizado com base no exame físico, histórica clínica, por cELISA e RT-PCR. Diferentes fármacos foram utilizados no tratamento, contudo o antimoniato de meglumina e o alopurinol, são os mais utilizados.BASTRACT - CANINE PARASITOLOGIC DISEASES TRANSMITED BY CULICIDAE AND PSYCHODIDAE INSECTS - Dirofilariosis and leishmaniosis are the main diseases transmitted by Culicidae and Psicodidae insect that affect canines. Dirofilariosis is a chronic disease, caused by Dirofilaria immitis that is prevalent in areas with a tropical or subtropical environment. Insects from de genus Culex, Anopheles and Aedes are responsible for transmitting the L3 infective form. Leishmaniosis is a zoonotic disease prevalent in the Mediterranean basin, caused by Leishmania infatum. In Portugal and Spain, the main vectors, responsible for transmitting the infected form, the metacyclic promastigotes, are Phebotomus perniciosus and P. ariasi. In the purpose of the chosen theme, two retrospective studies were conducted: one on dirofilariosis including 29 dogs at Madeira Island and another on leishmaniosis in 20 dogs at Barcelona. In the dirofilariosis study, most animals were asymptomatic. The diagnosis was made by physical examination, detection of the microfilaria and adult heartworm, with the modified Knott technique and by ELISA. The treatment was completed with an adulticide therapy with melarsomine and a microfilaricide therapy with macrocyclic lactones. In the leishmaniosis retrospective study, many clinic signs were observed, but most dogs presented lethargy, limphadenomegaly and dermatologic lesions. The major laboratory changes observed were a non regenerative anemia and a hyperproteinemia with hyperglobulinemia and hypoalbuminemia. Diagnosis was made through clinical history, physical examination and parasitological exams, by cELISA and RT-PCR. There are many different drugs which can be used for treatment, but the most used in this study were meglumine antimoniate and allopurinol

Canine oesophageal diseases

Oesophageal diseases in the dog can be challenging to diagnose. Multiple diagnostic imaging modalities are necessary for the assessment of the canine oesophagus. This study was divided into prospective and retrospective parts. The purpose of the prospective study was to determine whether conventional transcutaneous ultrasonography can be used to evaluate the canine cervical oesophagus and describe the sonographic appearance and measurements in normal dogs and those with clinical signs associated with the oesophagus. Seven canine cadavers, ten healthy staff owned dogs and eleven client owned dogs with vomiting and regurgitation were examined using a 14MHz transducer. Transcutaneous ultrasonography of the cervical oesophagus was performed using a left lateral approach. Ultrasonography allowed visualization of the entire cervical oesophagus. Four or six sonographic layers were identified which corresponded with histology. An additional thin hyperechoic layer was present within the muscular layer in some dogs which corresponded to fibrous tissue located between the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscle layers. Mean ultrasonographic wall thickness for normal dogs 2.7 ± 1 mm and was significantly correlated with weight in the live dogs (P<0.05). No sonographic abnormalities were identified in the clinical cases. The purpose of the retrospective study was to document the occurrence of oesophageal abnormalities in brachycephalic dogs using multiple diagnostic imaging modalities (radiography, fluoroscopy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging). Record the incidence of oesophageal redundancy in brachycephalic breeds with or without oesophageal disease. Hospital records between November 2009 to December 2016 identified fifty-one brachycephalic dogs with oesophageal abnormalities. Megaoesophagus was the most prevalent oesophageal abnormality in the brachycephalic breeds. Hiatal hernia, oesophageal dysmotility and GOR were the most prevalent oesophageal diseases in dogs with BOAS and megaoesophagus, dysmotility and hiatal herniation in dogs without BOAS. The occurrence of BOAS was highest for English bulldogs, followed by French bulldogs and Pugs, however there was no significant correlation between the presence or absence of BOAS in dogs with oesophageal abnormalities. There was no significant correlation between breed, weight, sex and clinical signs or oesophageal abnormalities present. Oesophageal redundancy incidence was low in the brachycephalic dogs in this study with and without concomitant oesophageal disease. These studies suggest that multiple diagnostic imaging modalities can be used to evaluate the oesophagus. However, further studies are warranted with a larger study sample to expand the clinical use of transcutaneous ultrasonography in dogs with oesophagitis and to determine the prevalence of oesophageal abnormalities in brachycephalic breeds with statistical significance

UM commencement scheduled Sunday

Neste artigo apresenta-se um relato de experiência de uma intervenção lúdico-didática no espaço escolar utilizando-se de práticas da educação não formal para possibilitar a criança da Educação Infantil à construção de novos significados e exploração de conhecimentos próprios em seu contexto social. Para tanto, foi realizada a adaptação do livro infantil A curiosidade premiada (ALMEIDA; LINARES, 1986) em Leitura Animada, prática essa que considera elementos do teatro de bonecos e da contação de histórias, e a ressignificação do conceito de leitura (REIS, 2019). Essa prática norteou a criação de um espaço de investigação e criação da criança frente a uma problematização científica, objetivando a ampliação do pensamento investigativo. Por meio dessa proposta criou-se uma dinâmica de investigações sobre os insetos joaninha, borboleta e abelha, permitindo uma reflexão sobre a relação desses entre os saberes espontâneos e científicos da criança. A intervenção foi realizada em uma turma do estágio II da Educação Infantil, com crianças entre quatro e cinco anos de idade, em uma escola da prefeitura de Guarulhos localizada em uma região periférica da Cidade

Improvement of Student Attention Monitoring Supported by Precision Sensing in Learning Management Systems

A Learning Management Systems (LMS) can benefit from the inclusion Computer-Mediated-Communications (CMC) software for delivering materials. Incorporating CMC tools in virtual classrooms or implementing educational blogs, can be very effective in e-learning platforms. In such student-centered interaction scenarios, it is important to monitor and manage student attention in a precise way to enhance student performance. Sensing with precision through 6G/7G technology allows to include electronic and software devices to produce such monitoring. This chapter contextualizes and describes an abstraction application scenario of sensing and monitoring student attention with high precision in Learning Management System with new communication systems. In that context, technology (e.g. sensors), is used to perform automatic attention monitoring, helping to manage students in e-Learning. Additionally, the document presents a possible scenario which supports intelligent services to the monitoring of student attention during e-learning activities in the context of Smart HEI (Higher Education Institutes)

O contrato psicológico em organizações empreendedoras: Perspectivas do empreendedor e da equipa

Este estudo apresenta como primeiro objectivo, definir o conteúdo do Contrato psicológico segundo as perspectivas dos empreendedores e da sua equipa, e como segundo objectivo identificar os factores responsáveis pela formação do Contrato psicológico numa organização empreendedora. É um estudo de caso exploratório, tendo sido realizado numa organização empreendedora do ramo financeiro. Os dados demonstraram que o Contrato psicológico dos colaboradores se aproxima do pólo relacional, enquanto que o dos empreendedores se aproxima do pólo transaccional, existindo, no entanto, alguma convergência entre ambas as perpectivas no que toca ao conteúdo do mesmo.Emergiram como factores que contribuem para a formação do Contrato psicológico o compromisso estabelecido pela organização, o conhecimento prévio dos colegas, a experiência profissional prévia e a experiência anterior de incumprimento, os quais se parecem enquadrar na literatura vigente. Para além destes emergiu um novo factor, a orientação empreendedora da organização, que demonstra a influência do contexto macro-organizacional no desenvolvimento do Contrato psicológico. Limitações e estudos futuros são igualmente discutidos

Pre-miRNA-149 G-quadruplex as a molecular agent to capture nucleolin

PD/BD/142851/2018 PD/00065/2013 MIT-EXPL/BIO/0008/2017 IF/00959/2015One of the most significant challenges in capturing and detecting biomarkers is the choice of an appropriate biomolecular receptor. Recently, RNA G-quadruplexes emerged as plausible receptors due to their ability to recognize with high-affinity proteins. Herein, we have unveiled and characterized the capability of the precursor microRNA 149 to form a G-quadruplex structure and determined the role that some ligands may have in its folding and binding capacity to nucleolin. The G-quadruplex formation was induced by K+ ions and stabilized by ligands, as demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism experiments. Surface plasmon resonance measurements showed a binding affinity of precursor microRNA 149 towards ligands in the micromolar range (10−5–10−6 M) and a strong binding affinity to nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 (8.38 × 10−10 M). Even in the presence of the ligand PhenDC3, the binding remains almost identical and in the same order of magnitude (4.46 × 10−10 M). The molecular interactions of the RNA G-quadruplex motif found in precursor miRNA 149 (5′-GGGAGGGAGGGACGGG- 3′) and nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 were explored by means of molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies. The results showed that RNA G-quadruplex binds to a cavity between domains 1 and 2 of the protein. Then, complex formation was also evaluated through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results suggest that precursor microRNA 149/ligands and precursor microRNA 149/nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 form stable molecular complexes. The in vitro co-localization of precursor microRNA 149 and nucleolin in PC3 cells was demonstrated using confocal microscopy. Finally, a rapid and straightforward microfluidic strategy was employed to check the ability of precursor microRNA 149 to capture nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2. The results revealed that precursor microRNA 149 can capture nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 labeled with Fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate in a concentration-dependent manner, but PhenDC3 complexation seems to decrease the ability of precursor microRNA 149 to capture the protein. Overall, our results proved the formation of the G-quadruplex structure in the precursor microRNA 149 and the ability to recognize and detect nucleolin. This proof-of-concept study could open up a new framework for developing new strategies to design improved molecular receptors for capture and detection of nucleolin in complex biological samples.publishersversionpublishe

Innovación disruptiva para la educación superior. Implementación en América Latina

La cuarta revolución industrial plantea cambios y transformaciones en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad y la educación no es la excepción; problemáticas tradicionales que enfrenta la educación superior como la deserción, el comportamiento y la diversidad estudiantil, son analizadas desde enfoques fisiológicos y emocionales, ante ello, se plantean diversas iniciativas de soluciones con base en tecnologías disruptivas como la Inteligencia Artificial, la computación afectiva y la web semántica denominadas en el libro como estudios de casos donde se describen las innovaciones con tecnologías disruptivas. Finalmente, y ante la gran interrogante y preocupación de académicos y científicos; por el desarrollo de la robótica, las inteligencias artificiales y de software en general se abordan las cuestiones y el impacto ético