Plasminogen activator levels are influenced by location and varicosity in greater saphenous vein

AbstractPurpose: The plasminogen system, which includes tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA), urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA), and their main inhibitor, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), plays a major role in both fibrinolysis and tissue remodeling. This study compares the levels of tPA, uPA, and PAI-1 at the groin and ankle in normal and varicose greater saphenous vein (GSV).Methods: GSV was collected from patients undergoing varicose vein (VV) removal and from normal vein (NV) from arterial bypass procedures. Portions of the GSV at the groin and the ankle were minced and placed in serum-free media for 48 hours. Assays of the supernatants were obtained for tPA, uPA, and PAI-1 protein by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cyclohexamide and actinomycin D were also added to the media of the VV tissue explant supernatants to inhibit protein and RNA synthesis, respectively.Results: Levels of tPA were significantly higher at the groin (11 ± 2) than the ankle (5 ± 1) in the VV ( p < 0.005), and this trend was also seen in the NV (groin 10 ± 2 and ankle 7 ± 3). Levels of uPA were significantly higher in the groin VV (14 ± 4.3) than in NV (3.0 ± 0.8, p < 0.05). This difference, although not statistically significant, applied to the ankle as well (VV 14.5 ± 6.3 and NV 5.3 ± 2.7). No significant difference was seen between NV and VV for PAI-1 (NV, groin 155 ± 73 and ankle 113 ± 53, VV, groin 161 ± 20 and ankle 142 ± 38) or tPA. Inhibitor studies revealed no significant difference among control, cyclohexamide, and actinomycin D supernatants for tPA, suggesting release of protein rather than active synthesis. In contrast, inhibitor supernatants were significantly lower for uPA and PAI-1 than control supernatants ( p < 0.05), suggesting that uPA and PAI-1 were actively synthesized.Conclusions: In the tissue explant supernatant model uPA and PAI-1 are actively synthesized, but tPA is not. Levels of PAI-1 were comparable in all four groups. Levels of uPA in the varicose GSV were higher than in NV, suggesting a role for uPA in the pathologic makeup of VV. Levels of tPA were higher at the groin versus the ankle position, potentially explaining the previously described increased fibrinolytic activity seen at the groin. (J Vasc Surg 1996;24:719-24.

Search for Third Generation Vector Leptoquarks in p anti-p Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV

We describe a search for a third generation vector leptoquark (VLQ3) that decays to a b quark and tau lepton using the CDF II detector and 322 pb^(-1) of integrated luminosity from the Fermilab Tevatron. Vector leptoquarks have been proposed in many extensions of the standard model (SM). Observing a number of events in agreement with SM expectations, assuming Yang-Mills (minimal) couplings, we obtain the most stringent upper limit on the VLQ3 pair production cross section of 344 fb (493 fb) and lower limit on the VLQ3 mass of 317 GeV/c^2 (251 GeV/c^2) at 95% C.L.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PR

Search for a Fermiophobic Higgs Boson Decaying into Diphotons in p p-bar Collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV

4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett (v2 includes minor textual improvements and typo fix in Fig. 1)A search for a narrow diphoton mass resonance is presented based on data from 3.0 fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity from p-bar p collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV collected by the CDF experiment. No evidence of a resonance in the diphoton mass spectrum is observed, and upper limits are set on the cross section times branching fraction of the resonant state as a function of Higgs boson mass. The resulting limits exclude Higgs bosons with masses below 106 GeV at a 95% Bayesian credibility level (C.L.) for one fermiophobic benchmark model.A search for a narrow diphoton mass resonance is presented based on data from 3.0  fb-1 of integrated luminosity from pp̅ collisions at √s=1.96  TeV collected by the CDF experiment. No evidence of a resonance in the diphoton mass spectrum is observed, and upper limits are set on the cross section times branching fraction of the resonant state as a function of Higgs boson mass. The resulting limits exclude Higgs bosons with masses below 106  GeV/c2 at a 95% Bayesian credibility level for one fermiophobic benchmark model.Peer reviewe

Search for exclusive Z boson production and observation of high mass ppbar->gammagamma->p+ll+pbar events in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV

submitted to Phys. Rev. LettWe present a search for exclusive Z boson production in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV, using the CDF II detector at Fermilab. We observe no exclusive Z->ll candidates and place the first upper limit on the exclusive Z cross section in hadron collisions, sigma(exclu) gammagamma->p+ll+pbar, and measure the cross section for M(ll) > 40 GeV/c2 and |eta(l)|This Letter presents a search for exclusive Z boson production in proton-antiproton collisions at √s=1.96  TeV, using the CDF II detector. No exclusive Z→l+l- candidates are observed and the first upper limit on the exclusive Z cross section in hadron collisions is found to be σexcl(Z)40  GeV/c2 and |ηl|<4 is found to be σ=0.24-0.10+0.13  pb, which is consistent with the standard model prediction.Peer reviewe

Search for high-mass diphoton states and limits on Randall-Sundrum gravitons at CDF

We have performed a search for new particles which decay to two photons using 1.2 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity from p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV collected using the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. We find the diphoton mass spectrum to be in agreement with the standard model expectation, and set limits on the cross section times branching ratio for the Randall-Sundrum graviton, as a function of diphoton mass. We subsequently derive lower limits for the graviton mass of 230 GeV/c(2) and 850 GeV/c(2), at the 95% confidence level, for coupling parameters (k=(M) over barP(1)) of 0.01 and 0.1, respectively