25 research outputs found
Low-temperature orientational order and possible domain structures in C(_{60}) fullerite
Based on a simple model for ordering of hexagons on square planar lattice, an
attempt has been made to consider possible structure of C(_{60}) fullerite in
its low temperature phase. It is shown that hexagons, imitating fullerens
oriented along (C_{3}) axes of \emph{sc} lattice, can be ordered into an ideal
structure with four non-equivalent molecules in unit cell. Then the energy
degeneracy for each hexagon rotations by (\pi /3) around its (C_{3}) axis
leaves the translational and orientational order in this structure, but leads
to a random distribution of (\pi /3) rotations and hence to {}``averaged{}''
unit cell with two molecules. However the most relevant structural defects are
not these intrinsic \char`\"{}misorientations\char`\"{} but certain walls
between the domains with different sequencies of the above-mentioned two
(non-ideal) sublattices. Numeric estimates have been made for the anisotropic
inter-molecular potential showing that the anisotropy is noticeably smaller for
molecules in walls than in domains
On orientational relief of inter-molecular potential and the structure of domain walls in fullerite C60
A simple planar model for an orientational ordering of threefold molecules on
a triangular lattice modelling a close-packed (111) plane of fullerite is
considered. The system has 3-sublattice ordered ground state which includes 3
different molecular orientations. There exist 6 kinds of orientational domains,
which are related with a permutation or a mirror symmetry. Interdomain walls
are found to be rather narrow.
The model molecules have two-well orientational potential profiles, which are
slightly effected by a presence of a straight domain wall. The reason is a
stronger correlation between neighbour molecules in triangular lattice versus
previously considered square lattice
A considerable reduction (up to one order) of orientational interwell
potential barrier is found in the core regions of essentially two-dimentional
potential defects, such as a three-domain boundary or a kink in the domain
wall. For ultimately uncorrelated nearest neighbours the height of the
interwell barrier can be reduced even by a factor of 100.Comment: 11 pages, 13 figures, LaTeX, to appear in Low Temperature Physic
Specific features of thermal expansion and polyamorphism in CH4–C60 solutions at low temperatures
The temperature dependence of the linear thermal expansion coefficient α(T) has been investigated in the temperature range of 2.5 to 23 K for two different CH4–C60 solutions in which CH4 molecules occupied 24 and 50% of the octahedral interstitial sites of the C60 lattice. In both cases, α(T) exhibits hysteresis, suggesting the existence of two types of orientational glass associated with these solutions. The temperature of the first-order phase transition between these two glasses was estimated and the behavior of these two glasses compared. The characteristic times of thermalization τ1, reorientation of the C60 molecules τ2, and of the phase transformation between the glasses τ', have been estimated for these solutions. Both the temperature dependence of α(T) and the characteristic thermalization time τ1are found to have features near the phase transition temperature and an explanation has been put forward to explain these observed features
TESS Cycle 2 observations of roAp stars with 2-min cadence data
We present the results of a systematic search of the Transiting Exoplanet
Survey Satellite (TESS) 2-min cadence data for new rapidly oscillating Ap
(roAp) stars observed during the Cycle 2 phase of its mission. We find seven
new roAp stars previously unreported as such and present the analysis of a
further 25 roAp stars that are already known. Three of the new stars show
multiperiodic pulsations, while all new members are rotationally variable
stars, leading to almost 70 per cent (22) of the roAp stars presented being
CVn-type variable stars. We show that targeted observations of known
chemically peculiar stars are likely to overlook many new roAp stars, and
demonstrate that multi-epoch observations are necessary to see pulsational
behaviour changes. We find a lack of roAp stars close to the blue edge of the
theoretical roAp instability strip, and reaffirm that mode instability is
observed more frequently with precise, space-based observations. In addition to
the Cycle 2 observations, we analyse TESS data for all known roAp stars. This
amounts to 18 further roAp stars observed by TESS. Finally, we list six known
roAp stars that TESS is yet to observe. We deduce that the incidence of roAp
stars amongst the Ap star population is just 5.5 per cent, raising fundamental
questions about the conditions required to excite pulsations in Ap stars. This
work, coupled with our previous work on roAp stars in Cycle 1 observations,
presents the most comprehensive, homogeneous study of the roAp stars in the
TESS nominal mission, with a collection of 112 confirmed roAp stars in total.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 32 Pages, 2 Tables, 77 Figure
On the polyamorphism of fullerite-based orientational glasses
The dilatometric investigation in the temperature range of 2-28K shows that a
first-order polyamorphous transition occurs in the orientational glasses based
on C60 doped with H2, D2 and Xe. A polyamorphous transition was also detected
in C60 doped with Kr and He. It is observed that the hysteresis of thermal
expansion caused by the polyamorphous transition (and, hence, the transition
temperature) is essentially dependent on the type of doping gas. Both positive
and negative contributions to the thermal expansion were observed in the low
temperature phase of the glasses. The relaxation time of the negative
contribution occurs to be much longer than that of the positive contribution.
The positive contribution is found to be due to phonon and libron modes, whilst
the negative contribution is attributed to tunneling states of the C60
molecules. The characteristic time of the phase transformation from the low-T
phase to the high-T phase has been found for the C60-H2 system at 12K. A
theoretical model is proposed to interpret these observed phenomena. The
theoretical model proposed, includes a consideration of the nature of
polyamorphism in glasses, as well as the thermodynamics and kinetics of the
transition. A model of non-interacting tunneling states is used to explain the
negative contribution to the thermal expansion. The experimental data obtained
is considered within the framework of the theoretical model. From the
theoretical model the order of magnitude of the polyamorphous transition
temperature has been estimated. It is found that the late stage of the
polyamorphous transformation is described well by the Kolmogorov law with an
exponent of n=1. At this stage of the transformation, the two-dimensional phase
boundary moves along the normal, and the nucleation is not important.Comment: 29 pages, 14 figures, added references, corrected typo
<em>TESS</em> Cycle 2 observations of roAp stars with 2-min cadence data
\ua9 The Author(s) 2023.We present the results of a systematic search of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) 2-min cadence data for new rapidly oscillating Ap (roAp) stars observed during the Cycle 2 phase of its mission. We find seven new roAp stars previously unreported as such and present the analysis of a further 25 roAp stars that are already known. Three of the new stars show multiperiodic pulsations, while all new members are rotationally variable stars, leading to almost 70 per cent (22) of the roAp stars presented being α2 CVn-type variable stars. We show that targeted observations of known chemically peculiar stars are likely to overlook many new roAp stars, and demonstrate that multiepoch observations are necessary to see pulsational behaviour changes. We find a lack of roAp stars close to the blue edge of the theoretical roAp instability strip, and reaffirm that mode instability is observed more frequently with precise, space-based observations. In addition to the Cycle 2 observations, we analyse TESS data for all-known roAp stars. This amounts to 18 further roAp stars observed by TESS. Finally, we list six known roAp stars that TESS is yet to observe. We deduce that the incidence of roAp stars amongst the Ap star population is just 5.5 per cent, raising fundamental questions about the conditions required to excite pulsations in Ap stars. This work, coupled with our previous work on roAp stars in Cycle 1 observations, presents the most comprehensive, homogeneous study of the roAp stars in the TESS nominal mission, with a collection of 112 confirmed roAp stars in total
Interferometric Observations of Rapidly Rotating Stars
Optical interferometry provides us with a unique opportunity to improve our
understanding of stellar structure and evolution. Through direct observation of
rotationally distorted photospheres at sub-milliarcsecond scales, we are now
able to characterize latitude dependencies of stellar radius, temperature
structure, and even energy transport. These detailed new views of stars are
leading to revised thinking in a broad array of associated topics, such as
spectroscopy, stellar evolution, and exoplanet detection. As newly advanced
techniques and instrumentation mature, this topic in astronomy is poised to
greatly expand in depth and influence.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&AR
TESS Cycle 1 observations of roAp stars with 2-min cadence data
We present the results of a systematic search for new rapidly oscillating Ap (roAp) stars using the 2-min cadence data collected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) during its Cycle 1 observations. We identify 12 new roAp stars. Amongst these stars we discover the roAp star with the longest pulsation period, another with the shortest rotation period, and six with multiperiodic variability. In addition to these new roAp stars, we present an analysis of 44 known roAp stars observed by TESS during Cycle 1, providing the first high-precision and homogeneous sample of a significant fraction of the known roAp stars. The TESS observations have shown that almost 60 per cent (33) of our sample of stars are multiperiodic, providing excellent cases to test models of roAp pulsations, and from which the most rewarding asteroseismic results can be gleaned. We report four cases of the occurrence of rotationally split frequency multiplets that imply different mode geometries for the same degree modes in the same star. This provides a conundrum in applying the oblique pulsator model to the roAp stars. Finally, we report the discovery of non-linear mode interactions in Cir (TIC 402546736, HD 128898) around the harmonic of the principal mode -- this is only the second case of such a phenomenon...
TESS Cycle 2 observations of roAp stars with 2-min cadence data
We present the results of a systematic search of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) 2-min cadence data for new rapidly oscillating Ap (roAp) stars observed during the Cycle 2 phase of its mission. We find seven new roAp stars previously unreported as such and present the analysis of a further 25 roAp stars that are already known. Three of the new stars show multiperiodic pulsations, while all new members are rotationally variable stars, leading to almost 70 per cent (22) of the roAp stars presented being α2 CVn-type variable stars. We show that targeted observations of known chemically peculiar stars are likely to overlook many new roAp stars, and demonstrate that multi-epoch observations are necessary to see pulsational behaviour changes. We find a lack of roAp stars close to the blue edge of the theoretical roAp instability strip, and reaffirm that mode instability is observed more frequently with precise, space-based observations. In addition to the Cycle 2 observations, we analyse TESS data for all known roAp stars. This amounts to 18 further roAp stars observed by TESS. Finally, we list six known roAp stars that TESS is yet to observe. We deduce that the incidence of roAp stars amongst the Ap star population is just 5.5 per cent, raising fundamental questions about the conditions required to excite pulsations in Ap stars. This work, coupled with our previous work on roAp stars in Cycle 1 observations, presents the most comprehensive, homogeneous study of the roAp stars in the TESS nominal mission, with a collection of 112 confirmed roAp stars in total
Lithium on the surface of cool magnetic CP stars. II. Spectrum analysis of HD 83368 and HD 60435 with lithium spots
As a further step in our Lithium project we present results of abundance determination of some elements in the roAp star HD 60435. Possible NLTE effects were considered. Equivalent widths of spectral lines vary with rotational phase which suggests nonuniform distribution of chemical elements over the stars' surface. Large abundance differences derived from various ions of some rare earth elements indicate their possible vertical stratification. Two spots of enhanced lithium abundance were distinguished at the magnetic poles on HD 60435 and their parameters derived. The rotational axis inclination i = 133° or 47° and surface magnetic field Hs = 3±1 kG were determined for the first time for HD 60435. The results are compared with HD 83368, the other star with lines of lithium remarkably variable in intensity and wavelength