On local cross sections in topological abelian groups

Versión aceptada de https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-018-0599-4[Abstract:] We introduce the notion of local pseudo-homomorphism between two topological abelian groups. We prove that it is closely related with the widely studied notions of local cross sections and splitting extensions in the category of topological abelian groups. In the final section we present an example of a non-splitting extension of (R, τν ) by R, where τν is a metrizable group topology on R weaker than the usual one. This extension admits a local cross section.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish AEI and FEDER UE funds. Grant: MTM2016-79422-P. They also acknowledge the support of the Asociación de Amigos of the University of Navarra. A portion of this research was conducted while the fourth author was a Fulbright Senior Scholar

A survey on reflexivity of abelian topological groups,

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t In this survey we deal with results on reflexivity of certain classes of groups, with special emphasis on the smaller class which better reflects the properties of LCA groups, namely that of strongly reflexive groups. A topological abelian group is said to be strongly reflexive if all its closed subgroups and its Hausdorff quotients as well as the closed subgroups and the Hausdorff quotients of its dual group are reflexive

La oxidación de componentes grasos y formación de hexanal en la curación del salchichón

It has studied formation of alcanals of low weight (C3-C6) during the curing of standard Saucisson manufactured in pilot plant. Aldehydes content have been compared to others obtained in three batches of industrial process (I, II and III). Except to hexanal, present in important amounts, the rest of aldehydes appear in reduced levels even are not detected. Statistical correlation has not been obtained between hexanal content and oxidation levels of lipidic components titrated by peroxides value, T.B.A. number or total carbonyl compounds. However, certain correlation has been found between hexanal content and ratio of oleic/linoleic of each batch of saucisson. Absence of hexanal in all of saucissons of batch II is corresponded by a greater proportion of linoleic acid between their A.G.L. It is proposed determination of hexanal like an useful method to check whether oxidative mechanism of lipids during the curing has been corrected.<br><br>Se ha estudiado la formación de alcanales de cadena corta (C3-C6) durante el proceso de curación de un salchichón estándar elaborado en planta piloto. Se ha comparado sus contenidos finales con los obtenidos para otros tres lotes de salchichón de fabricación industrial (I, II, III). Con excepción del hexanal, que se encuentra en cantidades importantes, los otros tres aldehídos aparecen en cantidades muy reducidas o incluso no se detectan. No se ha obtenido una correlación estadística entre el contenido en hexanal y los niveles de oxidación de los componentes grasos valorados a través del índice de peróxidos, el número T.B.A. o los compuestos carbonilos totales.
 Sin embargo, sí existe una cierta correlación entre el contenido en hexanal y las relaciones oleico/linoleico de cada lote de salchichón. La ausencia de hexanal en todos los salchichones del lote II viene correspondida por una mayor proporción de ácido linoleico entre sus AGL. Se propone la determinación de hexanal como un modo útil de comprobar si el mecanismo exudativo de las grasas durante el proceso de curación ha sido correcto

La oxidación de componentes grasos y formación de hexanal en la curación del salchichón

It has studied formation of alcanals of low weight (C3-C6) during the curing of standard Saucisson manufactured in pilot plant. Aldehydes content have been compared to others obtained in three batches of industrial process (I, II and III). Except to hexanal, present in important amounts, the rest of aldehydes appear in reduced levels even are not detected. Statistical correlation has not been obtained between hexanal content and oxidation levels of lipidic components titrated by peroxides value, T.B.A. number or total carbonyl compounds. However, certain correlation has been found between hexanal content and ratio of oleic/linoleic of each batch of saucisson. Absence of hexanal in all of saucissons of batch II is corresponded by a greater proportion of linoleic acid between their A.G.L. It is proposed determination of hexanal like an useful method to check whether oxidative mechanism of lipids during the curing has been corrected.Se ha estudiado la formación de alcanales de cadena corta (C3-C6) durante el proceso de curación de un salchichón estándar elaborado en planta piloto. Se ha comparado sus contenidos finales con los obtenidos para otros tres lotes de salchichón de fabricación industrial (I, II, III). Con excepción del hexanal, que se encuentra en cantidades importantes, los otros tres aldehídos aparecen en cantidades muy reducidas o incluso no se detectan. No se ha obtenido una correlación estadística entre el contenido en hexanal y los niveles de oxidación de los componentes grasos valorados a través del índice de peróxidos, el número T.B.A. o los compuestos carbonilos totales. Sin embargo, sí existe una cierta correlación entre el contenido en hexanal y las relaciones oleico/linoleico de cada lote de salchichón. La ausencia de hexanal en todos los salchichones del lote II viene correspondida por una mayor proporción de ácido linoleico entre sus AGL. Se propone la determinación de hexanal como un modo útil de comprobar si el mecanismo exudativo de las grasas durante el proceso de curación ha sido correcto

Efecto del peso de sacrificio sobre la composición de la grasa de corderos de raza lacha

Due to the fact that domestic consumers prefer low fat meat, the lamb production system in Spain is based on slaughtering low weight animals (12 to 24 kg). Lambs in other European countries are slaughtered at higher weights because consumers prefer more intense flavored and fatter meat. Based on evidence that slaughter weight affects fat characteristics, the effect of slaughtering weight on the fatty acid profile of omental (OM), mesenteric (MES), kidney knob (KK), subcutaneous (SC), intermuscular (IN) and intramuscular (IM) fat in Lacha breed lambs was studied. Forty–two male Lacha lambs were raised and slaughtered at 12 (L12), 24 (L24) and 36 kg (L36) live weight. L12 lambs were fed only on mother's milk until slaughter, one month old. L24 and L36 lambs were fed ad libitum on commercial feed and barley straw from weaning (around 16 kg live weight) until slaughter. Adipose tissue samples were taken at the slaughterhouse, vacuum–packed, frozen and stored. Fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography, and the relative amounts were recorded. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). Concentrations of C12:0 and C14:0 decreased after weaning due to the fact that the lambs no longer ingested mother's milk. In all fat depots, L24 showed the highest saturated fatty acid concentration, mainly due to the higher C18:0 content. An increase in C18:1n–9cis in heavier lambs (L24 to L36) was observed, associated to fat reserve accumulation processes. The analysis of these data suggests an increase in desaturation enzymes activity among higher–weight lambs, when ruminal activity was initiated. The most suitable n–6/n–3 and polyunsaturated/saturated ratio in muscle fat for preventing cardiovascular disease were observed in L24 lambs.Debido al hecho de que los consumidores domésticos prefieren carne baja en grasas, el sistema de producción de corderos en España se basa en el sacrificio de animales de bajo peso (12 a 24 kg). Los corderos en otros países europeos se sacrifican a pesos mayores porque los consumidores prefieren carne de sabor más intenso y con más grasa. Debido a que el peso del sacrificio afecta las características de grasa, se estudió el efecto del peso de sacrificio de corderos de raza Lacha en el perfil de ácidos grasos de la grasa omental (OM), mesentérica (MES), pelvicorrenal (PVR), subcutánea (SC), intermuscular (IN) e intramuscular (IM). Cuarenta y dos corderos machos de raza Lacha se criaron y sacrificaron con un peso vivo de 12 (L12), 24 (L24) y 36 (L36) kg. Los L12 se alimentaron únicamente con leche materna hasta su sacrificio, a un mes de nacidos. Los corderos L24 y L36 se alimentaron ad libitum con alimento comercial y paja de cebada desde el destete (alrededor de 16 kg de peso vivo) hasta el sacrificio. En la planta de sacrificio (matadero) se tomaron muestras de tejido adiposo; se empacaron al vacío, se congelaron y se almacenaron. Se analizó los ésteres metílicos de los ácidos grasos por cromatografía de gases capilar y se registraron las cantidades relativas. Los resultados se analizaron usando ANDEVA y la prueba de Tukey (p<0.05). Las concentraciones de C12:0 y C14:0 disminuyeron después del destete debido a que los corderos ya no consumían la leche de la madre. En todos los depósitos de grasa, L24 mostró la concentración más alta de ácidos grasos saturados, principalmente debido al mayor contenido de C18:0. Se observó un aumento en C18:1n–9cis en corderos más pesados (L24 a L36), asociado a los procesos de acumulación de reservas de grasa. El análisis de estos datos sugiere un aumento en la actividad de enzimas de desaturación en los corderos de mayor peso, una vez iniciada la actividad ruminal. La tasa más adecuada de n–6/n–3 y poliinsaturado/saturado en grasa muscular para prevenir la enfermedad cardiovascular se observó en corderos L24

A Search for Dark Higgs Bosons

Recent astrophysical and terrestrial experiments have motivated the proposal of a dark sector with GeV-scale gauge boson force carriers and new Higgs bosons. We present a search for a dark Higgs boson using 516 fb-1 of data collected with the BABAR detector. We do not observe a significant signal and we set 90% confidence level upper limits on the product of the Standard Model-dark sector mixing angle and the dark sector coupling constant.Comment: 7 pages, 5 postscript figures, published version with improved plots for b/w printin

Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu decay channel, where l = e or mu, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC, with the CMS detector, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 inverse femtobarns. No significant excess is observed above the background expectation, and upper limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section. The presence of the standard model Higgs boson with a mass in the 270-440 GeV range is excluded at 95% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to JHE